scholarly journals MARKETING TOOLS FOR INTERNATIONAL TOURISM FLOWS BALANCING: EXPERIENCE OF UKRAINE AND POLAND

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Iryna Babets ◽  
Mariya Fleychuk
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Viral Marketing ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Electronic Networks ◽  
Marketing Policy ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Tourism Flows

The article provides a comparative analysis of trends in domestic and foreign tourism in Ukraine and Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic. The main directions and tools of marketing policy of balancing tourist flows for socio-economic development of the researched countries are analyzed. The main subject of the research is marketing tools for balancing international tourist flows in the investigated countries, taking into account the experience of other countries in which the field of tourism is developed. The research methodology provides for the analysis of the dynamics of tourist flows in Poland and Ukraine, the use of methods and tools of fuzzy logic using Mathlab software and the use of a matrix method of analysis to study the development of tourism at the regional level. The study used data from the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund in post-socialist countries, as well as the results of the Global Market Research-2020 and data from statistical agencies of Ukraine and Poland. It is emphasized that formation of an effective marketing policy to balance the flow of international tourism at the local level should be with the participation of the private sector and local governments. The purpose of the article: outline marketing tools for balancing international tourism flows in Ukraine and Poland, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. Conclusions. In summary, the study identified such generalized tools of modern marketing that are most relevant in the development of policies to balance tourist flows in Ukraine and Poland, as well as in other countries, especially in the pandemic Covid-19: creating content for electronic networks (content), social media marketing (SMM), landing page or standard website, search engine optimization (SEO), media advertising, teaser advertising, consumer product support, e-mails (emails), viral marketing, strategic partnership, CPA-marketing, creation of a marketing channel, application of a comprehensive strategy of smart-tourism.

scholarly journals GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF FOREIGN TOURIST FLOWS FORMATION IN UKRAINE: STATE AND FORMATION PROBLEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1(38)) ◽  
pp. 117-134
Author(s):  
A. V. Kuzyshyn ◽  
T. O. Chereshnyuk ◽  
I. V. Poplavska ◽  
S. Ya. Dobrovolska
Keyword(s):  
Research Process ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
The World ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tourism Flows

This study is devoted to the analysis of international tourism flows directed into Ukraine. Problem Statement and Purpose. Diagnostics of tourism flows according to regions of the world was carried out and the tendency of the increasing role of tourism both locally and internationally was noticed. The attractiveness of Ukraine for the tourism regions of the world was analyzed in detail by assessing tourist arrivals through the prism of the leading countries selection in each of them. This allows us to analyse the place of Ukraine in the tourism flows of these territories. Special attention is paid to the flow of tourists within the country and the analysis of the most attractive areas for foreign tourists in terms of regional territories. The aim of the study is a modernized vision of the problem of tourism flows within one of the countries of the Central and Eastern European tourism subregion (according to the UNWTO methodology). The study identified how the geography of tourist origin affects these processes in a particular country (on the example of Ukraine). Due to such research, it is possible to assess changes in the economic, social and political systems, as well as the culture of the country in general and its regions in particular. In addition, it is possible to assess the impact on the population around the world. Data & Methods. The study of international tourism flows is based on the recommendations of the UNWTO, as well as modern scientific research of national and foreign European researchers. The following research methods were used in the research process: analytical, descriptive, comparative, statistical. Results. The results of the previous empirical study confirmed that different social groups have their own specific patterns of tourism activity. It also showed what groups responded the most to globalization and the possible consequences it may have for tourism activities. The growing mobility of the population and the consequences of the outbound tourism development are some of the main consequences of globalization. The study showed that the geography of interest in Ukraine by foreign tourists is expanding. To some extent, this can be justified by the war, which significantly reoriented the composition and direction of international tourism flows in Ukraine.

Functional Aspects of the Development of International Tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 955
Author(s):  
Elena Petrovna ZVYAGINTSEVA ◽  
Olga Sergeevna EPISHEVA ◽  
Elena Evgenyevna TSYGANKOVA ◽  
Ofeliia Andranikovna AZAROVA ◽  
Aleksandr Vladimirovich SHELYGOV
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Global Market ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Force Majeure ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Travel Agencies ◽  
Tourism Services

The article is devoted to functional aspects of international tourism development. Substantial lagging in the functional provision of the development of the international tourism market has been established due to such negative aspects as the lack of planned measures, substantial accumulation of tourist flows, absence of relevant security of tourists, incompliance of infrastructure, illegal labor migration, and an increase in the number of force majeure events. All these factors make it necessary to expand a network of travel agencies so that they are able to cooperate with public authorities. It has been proven that international tourism has become a key segment of the modern global market, in the structure of which tourism services play a key role. The impressive scope of international tourism operations has been identified, spanning most countries of the world and drawing close attention to the problems related to the regulation of international tourism services at all levels (national, supranational, and global).

The Effect of Migration on International Tourism Flows: The Role of Linguistic Networks and Common Languages

2021 ◽  
pp. 004728752110082
Author(s):  
Luke Emeka Okafor ◽  
Usman Khalid ◽  
Katarzyna Burzynska
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Migration Rates ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Specific Skill ◽  
Tourism Flows

We investigate the effect of migration rates on international tourism flows and whether linguistic networks and common languages affect the relationship between migration rates and tourist flows. We utilize the gravity data set consisting of 166 origin and 30 destination countries, over the 1995–2010 period for the empirical analysis. The results show that increased migration rates lead to higher international tourism flows in destination countries. This effect becomes even stronger when the destination country has a larger linguistic network. Migration matters less, however, when a country-pair shares closer linguistic ties. The findings of this study will help to inform public, and tourism industry policies aimed at boosting sustainable tourism flows, especially post COVID-19 pandemic. Targeted immigration policies, such as those that seek to attract foreign workers with specific skill sets, tend to enlarge linguistic networks and contribute to multilingualism, which in turn can boost international tourism flows.

Spatial and Institutional Analysis of the Voivodships Expenditure on Culture in the Years 2003 – 2015

e-Finanse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Adam Mateusz Suchecki
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Institutional Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
National Heritage

AbstractFollowing the completion of the process of decentralisation of public administration in Poland in 2003, a number of tasks implemented previously by the state authorities were transferred to the local level. One of the most significant changes to the financing and management methods of the local authorities was the transfer of tasks related to culture and national heritage to the set of tasks implemented by local governments. As a result of the decentralisation process, the local government units in Poland were given significant autonomy in determining the purposes of their budgetary expenditures on culture. At the same time, they were obliged to cover these expenses from their own revenues.This paper focuses on the analysis of expenditures on culture covered by the voivodship budgets, taking into consideration the structure of cultural institutions by their types, between 2003-2015. The location quotient (LQ) was applied to two selected years (2006 and 2015) to illustrate the diversity of expenditures on culture in individual voivodships.

Incentives for the development of industrial parks (on the example of the border regions of Poland)

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Yaroslava Kalat
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Cost Minimization ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Spatial Policy

In the search for efficient decisions directed at the stimulation of regional development and improvement of regions’ innovativeness and investment attractiveness, the EU regions have long ago started paying attention to local communities. In particular, Polish local governments are granted an opportunity to conduct an active spatial policy of investment attraction using various instruments. In this context, the industrial parks play an important role among the created institutes of the business environment, because they create advantages for local communities and businesses. In particular, they promote investment attraction, entrepreneurship activation, employment and jobs increase, material cost minimization, etc. At the same time, the development of entrepreneurship environment institutes requires support at national, regional, and local levels. The development will be almost impossible without the creation of proper legal, political, economic, and social conditions for their activity. The paper aims to define major stimuli of industrial park development based on the Polish experience, the economic structure of which is similar to the Ukrainian one. This will contribute to the development of the ways to boost industrial park development in Ukraine, especially in the border areas. For the matter, the author outlines the major instruments used by Polish local communities to boost investment and entrepreneurship activity in the framework of industrial park development. The scientific paper emphasizes the analysis of legislation on creation, functioning, and support of Polish industrial park development, and further perspectives of their activity. Special attention is paid to general characteristics of the condition of industrial parks located in Polish border regions. The advantages of each of them are determined and examples of their creation and development are given. The research resulted in the allocation of two groups of stimuli of industrial parks development which are the precondition, according to the author, of industrial parks becoming the instrument of investment attraction, economic boost of the territories, and entrepreneurship activity growth: the stimuli of development of industrial parks’ organizational structure (public financial assistance; information and advisory support; grans of European funds; international cooperation / partnership; independent spatial policy at the local level) and the stimuli of entrepreneurship development in industrial parks (infrastructure (physical and soft); public financial assistance; tax incentives; investment grants; financial loans).

Concept and components of the financial-investment maintenance of local governance

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Zenoviy Siryk
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
And Function

The issues related to the management of financial resources of territorial communities, financial independence of local governments and forming of efficient financial-investment policy to secure the balanced development of local communities and territories become of utmost importance in conditions of financial decentralization and administrative-territorial reform in Ukraine. The problem issues concerning the forming of financial-investment maintenance of local governance directly impact the capacity of a territorial community that should have financial, material, and other resources in the volumes sufficient to completely accomplish the tasks and function of local governments and provide social services to the population at the level stipulated by national standards. The forming of financial-investment maintenance of local governance is revealed to be directly influencing the capacity of a territorial community that should have financial, material, and other resources in the volumes sufficient to completely accomplish the tasks and function of local governments and provide social services to the population. The expansion of local governments’ competences and granting them greater independence are substantiated to be requiring more responsibility in the financial-investment policy implementation on the local level, forming of conditions to perform the economic activity, and develop businesses by all economic entities, and promoting favorable investment climate in the region. Based on the analysis of approaches to the definition of the nature of “financial maintenance” and “investment maintenance” in the context of the peculiarities of local governments’ activity, the paper suggests understanding the “financial-investment maintenance of local governance” as a set of opportunities and activities on distribution and use of financial resources and territories’ resources for the creation of conditions necessary for the efficient functioning of local governments and realization of their competences.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Attitudes and Behaviour of Local Governments in Poland

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2765
Author(s):  
Joanna Rakowska ◽  
Irena Ozimek
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Energy Behavior ◽  
Public Aid ◽  
Energy Projects

The deployment of renewable energy at the local level can contribute significantly to mitigating climate change, improving energy security and increasing social, economic and environmental benefits. In many countries local authorities play an important role in the local development, but renewable energy deployment is not an obligatory task for them. Hence there are two research questions: (1) Do local governments think investments in renewable energy (RE) are urgent and affordable within the local budgets? (2) How do they react to the public aid co-financing investments in renewable energy? To provide the answer we performed qualitative analysis and non-parametric tests of data from a survey of 252 local authorities, analysis of 292 strategies of local development and datasets of 1170 renewable energy projects co-financed by EU funds under operational programs 2007–2013 and 2014–2020 in Poland. Findings showed that local authorities’ attitudes were rather careful, caused by financial constraints of local budgets and the scope of obligatory tasks, which made renewable energy investments not the most urgent. Public aid was a factor significantly affecting local authorities’ behavior. It triggered local authorities’ renewable energy initiatives, increasing the number and scope of renewable energy investments as well cooperation with other municipalities and local communities. Despite this general trend, there were also considerable regional differences in local authorities’ renewable energy behavior.

Law reform for life: how to unleash the guiding principles of ecologically sustainable development to improve human relationships with (the rest of) urban biodiversity

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-89
Author(s):  
Lachlan Penninkilampi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Urban Biodiversity ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Guiding Principles ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable Development ◽  
Biodiversity Governance

Urbanization is arguably the most severe and irreversible driver of environmental change, particularly with respect to biodiversity. This is the case even in Australia, a megadiverse country with a sophisticated federal regime of biodiversity governance. Yet, life persists in urban worlds. In the context of global climate and ecological crises, this article endeavours to illustrate how law and policy can grapple with the complexities of urban biodiversity and enable it to flourish. First, the article outlines the current approaches to urban biodiversity: what is it, what is it like, why does it matter and how do humans think of it? Second, the article analyses the current state of biodiversity governance in Australia, focusing particularly on the laws and policies of the Commonwealth, New South Wales, and local governments in Greater Sydney. Finally, the article details a program of reform which revisits the original guiding principles of ecologically sustainable development, illustrating how they could be unleashed for the better governance of urban biodiversity with respect to decision-making, the administration of law, issues at scale, the economy, valuation techniques and community participation. The program includes not only systemic and multi-scalar reforms, but also local-level reforms which have significant yet often overlooked potential to encourage pro-biodiversity behaviours in everyday life. The aim is to reveal just some of the many ways in which hope can be creatively transformed into action for a biodiverse urban future – that is, to reveal the possibilities of law and policy to enable urban biodiversity to be better recognized, understood, valued, protected and enhanced as Australia develops in the twenty-first century.

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