scholarly journals Socio-economic Status of Transferred and Non-transferred Urban Slums: A Case Study from Faisalabad

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (4I-II) ◽  
pp. 947-962
Author(s):  
Riaz Ahmed ◽  
Usman Mustafa ◽  
Atta Ullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
World Population ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Traffic Level

The rapid urbanisation has become a burning challenge across the developing countries of the world for the last four decades. The population pressure on the cities has caused many problems like environmental pollution, sanitation, education, health, traffic level and housing etc. In this context, housing is one of the most important issues related to urbanisation. Slums are reflected as the carbuncle in cities and looked extemporaneously and arbitrarily [Shafqaat, et al. (2013). The share of world urban population was 32 percent in 1950, it rose up to 39 percent in 1980 and 48 percent in 2000, which reflects that 3 out of 10 people were living in cities in 1950. In 2011, about half of the world population was living in the big cities and at the end of the third decade of this century; that make up the formation as 6 out of 10 people [World Bank (1999)]. Pakistan‘s town populace is fixed to become identical to its rural population in the year 2030. This needs for an effective urban planning instrument to confirm universal distribution of simple municipal amenities, regulator of the spread of slums, reducing of effluence and the control of crime and political might [Khan, et al. (2012)]

Evaluation of Socio-Economic Conditions of Coldwater Fish Farmers: A Case Study of Sikkim

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Gini Coefficients ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The People

ABSTRACT The study analyses the socio-economic status, degree of income inequality and perceived socio-economic conditions of the fish farmers of the four districts of Sikkim. A total sample size of 200 fish farmers was selected from the four districts depending upon the presence of the number of farmers in each district. Purposive random sampling method was used and the results were analysed from descriptive statistics such as frequency count and percentages. The degree of income inequality was analysed through Gini coefficients. The factors that determined the perceived socio-economic living conditions were analysed with a logistic regression model. The socio-economic status of the people was found to be in good condition and there were not many variations among the fish farmers of different districts. Most of the respondents had pucca houses with the combination of firewood and LPG as a source of cooking fuel and also had access to basic amenities like electricity, drinking water and sanitation facilities in the households. The study also found that income inequality was not so severe amongst the fish farmers of the three districts except for the East district which had the strongest income inequality. The per capita income, housing condition and ratio of above primary education to total members had a significant impact on the perceived living conditions of the fish farmers. Keywords

Educational Entrepreneurs in Tamil Nadu - A Profile

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siluvai Raja
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Education System ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World

Education has been considered as an indispensable asset of every individual, community and nation today. Indias higher education system is the third largest in the world, after China and the United States (World Bank). Tamil Nadu occupies the first place in terms of possession of higher educational institutions in the private sector in the country with over 46 percent(27) universities, 94 percent(464) professional colleges and 65 percent(383) arts and science colleges(2011). Studies to understand the profile of the entrepreneurs providing higher education either in India or Tamil Nadu were hardly available. This paper attempts to map the demographic profile of the entrepreneurs providing higher education in Arts and Science colleges in Tamil Nadu through an empirical analysis, carried out among 25 entrepreneurs spread across the state. This paper presents a summary of major inferences of the analysis.

scholarly journals Railway Transport Liberalization: A Case Study of Various Countries in the World

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turgut Ozkan ◽  
Gozde Yanginlar ◽  
Salih Kalayci
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Railway Transportation ◽  
Market Change ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Transportation Service ◽  
Private Participation ◽  
The World

<p>Today, the processes of restructuring the railway sector and the liberalization of the railway market change significantly. Vertical separation between infrastructure railway transportation service provision and train operations is a significant key element in the railway liberalization. This paper focuses on a research into railway regulation and liberalization in 30 countries. The aim of this paper is to give a comparative overview of the regulation of railways and analyses the process of the liberalization and restructuring of railways in the 30 countries. We test this theoretical prediction using a data base that contains investment in transport with private participation, transport services information from World Bank. Our final results are valid for the period 1980-2014. Overall, the analyses showed statistically significant interaction effects between railways transportation and transport services and investment in transport with private participation. This study presents new insights in theory, paving the way for further research.</p>

scholarly journals PSYCHO-SOCIAL FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO SUPERSTITIOUS BEHAVIOR: LITERATURE REVIEW

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Manasvi Shrivastav ◽  
Anuradha Kotnala
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Past ◽  
Superstitious Behavior ◽  
The World ◽  
People Today

Most superstition from the past have been proven by science as unnecessary, ineffective or just plain silly but are still practiced by normal intelligent people today. Around the world, there are many reappearing themes for superstition. Every country has its own localized take on each theme. In this article researcher reviews on previous researches. There is much different kind of researches in the field of superstition and there are different theories related to the origin of superstition. Superstition is influenced by different social and psychological factors. In this article those researches have been discussed which through light on social and psychological factors of superstition. Psychological factors like fear, locus of control, confidence level etc. and social factors such as locale, socio-economic status etc.

The Deterioration of the Food Situation in the Third World and the Capitalist System

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-262
Author(s):  
Ernest Feder
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Third World ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Staple Foods ◽  
The Third World

Hunger and malnutrition are today associated with the capitalist system. The evidence points to a further deterioration of the food situation in the Third World in the foreseeable future, as a result of massive capital and technology transfers from the rich capitalist countries to the underdeveloped agricultures operated by transnational concerns or private investors, with the active support of development assistance agencies such as the World Bank. Contrary to the superficial predictions of the World Bank, for example, poverty is bound to increase and the purchasing power of the masses must decline. Particular attention must be paid to the supply of staple foods and the proletariat. This is threatened by a variety of factors, attributable to the operation of the capitalist system. Among them are the senseless waste of Third World resources caused by the foreign investors' insatiable thirst for the quick repatriation of super-profits and the increasing orientation of Third World agricultures toward high-value or export crops (which are usually the same), an orientation which is imposed upon them by the industrial countries' agricultural development strategies. Even self-sufficiency programs for more staple foods, such as the ill-reputed Green Revolution, predictably cannot be of long duration.

A Feasibility Study of Implementing the Policies on Increasing Birth Rate with an Emphasis on Socio-economic Status: A Case Study of Kermanshah Metropolis, Western Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 619-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohyla Reshadat ◽  
Alireza Zangeneh ◽  
Shahram Saeidi ◽  
Neda Izadi ◽  
S. Ramin Ghasemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Western Iran ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Inequality and crime in Latin America

2020 ◽  
pp. 713-745
Author(s):  
Catalina Droppelmann Roepke ◽  
Nicolás Trajtenberg
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Socio Economic Status

In the field of criminology social inequality has long been theorized to be associated with crime. This issue has been extensively studied and empirical research has shown that income inequality and low socio-economic status are positively associated with crime perpetration and victimization. Latin America constitutes a particularly interesting case study to analyse the association between crime and inequality. Simultaneously, it is considered to be one of the most unequal and violent regions on the planet. Therefore, it might be tempting to conclude that inequality must play a major role in the explanation of this region’s high levels of crime and violence. While this possibility cannot be rejected, the overall goals of this chapter are to analyse and discuss this complex relationship, focusing not only on how inequality might explain crime and violence, but also on how criminal justice institutions stigmatize, label, and reproduce social inequalities and social exclusion.

scholarly journals Patterns in Horse–Human Relationships: The Case of Wales

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-356
Author(s):  
Helen Sampson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Study Country ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Care Relationships ◽  
Common Lands

Abstract This paper explores some of the different relationships that horses and humans experience in the case study country of Wales. In doing so, it pays attention to differential patterns of equine care/lack of care and explores these from a sociological perspective considering evidence of the potential impact of cultural practices and socio-economic status in particular. The paper concludes that access to common lands and “fly grazing” may be associated with specific values and norms which may result in equine neglect, while indicators of socio-economic deprivation and patterns of equine neglect do not seem to be related. The paper highlights the variation in equine care across this relatively small national population and suggests some areas where further explanatory work could usefully be undertaken in order for us to better understand the care-relationships between horses and their keepers.

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