scholarly journals Review on Pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and pharmacological activity of Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion plant)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-118
Author(s):  
Prajakta N. Dongare ◽  
Tejashri B. Kadu ◽  
Ashish L. Pohane ◽  
Sachin J. Dighade ◽  
Priyadarshani G. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
B Complex Vitamins

Taraxacum officinale (dandelion), a member of the Asteraceae family, commonly found in the temperate zone of the Northern hemisphere, is the perennial herb, forming a rosette leaf, golden yellow flowers that bloom year round. Dandelion leaves, roots and flowers is used in many traditional and modern herbal medicinal systems. On phytochemical investigation, Dandelion herb contains one or more vital phytochemical constituents. Similarly Among the most important compounds in dandelion Contains sesquiterpene lactones which is a bitter element, principally contains taraxacin and taraxacerin, which is principally important in mechanism of liver functions related with hepatoprotective action. Besides that result of the phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of sterols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, that have been shown to be associated with numerous pharmacological effects such as Antioxidants, anti immflammatory, antidiabetics, antitumor activity. Along with that the Dandelion leaves are a high efficient source of vitamins and minerals, including beta carotene, non-provitamin A carotenoids, xanthophylls, chlorophyll, vitamins C and D, many of the B-complex vitamins, choline, iron, silicon, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, manganese, copper, and phosphorous which is also useful as a several nutritive action. This review will point out areas for future research of phytochemicals containing Taraxacum officinale where they shows more effective against various ailments and shows recent effective pharmacological activity

scholarly journals Phytochemical Investigation of New Algerian Lichen Species: Physcia Mediterranea Nimis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Marwa Kerboua ◽  
Monia Ali Ahmed ◽  
Nsevolo Samba ◽  
Radhia Aitfella-Lahlou ◽  
Lucia Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Diphenyl Ether ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Nmr Techniques

The present study provides new data concerning the chemical characterisation of Physcia mediterranea Nimis, a rare Mediterranean species belonging to the family Physciaceae. The phytochemical screening was carried out using GC-MS, HPLC-ESI-MS-MS, and NMR techniques. Hot extraction of n-hexane was carried out, followed by separation of the part insoluble in methanol: wax (WA-hex), from the part soluble in methanol (ME-hex). GC-MS analysis of the ME-hex part revealed the presence of methylbenzoic acids such as sparassol and atraric acid and a diterpene with a kaurene skeleton which has never been detected before in lichen species. Out of all the compounds identified by HPLC-ESI-MS-MS, sixteen compounds are common between WA-hex and ME-hex. Most are aliphatic fatty acids, phenolic compounds and depsides. The wax part is characterised by the presence of atranorin, a depside of high biological value. Proton 1H and carbon 13C NMR have confirmed its identification. Atranol, chloroatranol (depsides compound), Ffukinanolide (sesquiterpene lactones), leprolomin (diphenyl ether), muronic acid (triterpenes), and ursolic acid (triterpenes) have also been identified in ME-hex. The results suggested that Physcia mediterranea Nimis is a valuable source of bioactive compounds that could be useful for several applications as functional foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.

Latest Research and Developing Tendency of Hyperbranched Polymers Fabrication

2021 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Lian Yi Huo ◽  
Xue Tao Shi ◽  
Si Ming Chen ◽  
Meng Yao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Hyperbranched Polymers ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
The Future

Hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) have been applied in various fields because of its outstanding biodegradability and biocompatibility. At present, there are a variety of methods that are used to fabricate HBPs, such as polycondensation, reactive polymerization and ring-opening polymerization according to reaction mechanism. These methods are all environmental-friendly and high-efficient to generate HBPs, and are valuable for industrialization. In this work, we conclude some common methods of HBPs fabrication and make the comparison between them to analyze their advantages and disadvantages, which contribute in how to improve the synthesis process in the future research.

scholarly journals Limonin: A Review of Its Pharmacology, Toxicity, and Pharmacokinetics

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 3679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Luo ◽  
Wang ◽  
Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Metabolic Enzyme ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Future Research Directions

Limonin is a natural tetracyclic triterpenoid compound, which widely exists in Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth., Phellodendron chinense Schneid., and Coptis chinensis Franch. Its extensive pharmacological effects have attracted considerable attention in recent years. However, there is no systematic review focusing on the pharmacology, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of limonin. Therefore, this review aimed to provide the latest information on the pharmacology, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of limonin, exploring the therapeutic potential of this compound and looking for ways to improve efficacy and bioavailability. Limonin has a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, anti-bacterial and anti-virus, anti-oxidation, liver protection properties. However, limonin has also been shown to lead to hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, and genetic damage. Moreover, limonin also has complex impacts on hepatic metabolic enzyme. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that limonin has poor bioavailability, and the reduction, hydrolysis, and methylation are the main metabolic pathways of limonin. We also found that the position and group of the substituents of limonin are key in affecting pharmacological activity and bioavailability. However, some issues still exist, such as the mechanism of antioxidant activity of limonin not being clear. In addition, there are few studies on the toxicity mechanism of limonin, and the effects of limonin concentration on pharmacological effects and toxicity are not clear, and no researchers have reported any ways in which to reduce the toxicity of limonin. Therefore, future research directions include the mechanism of antioxidant activity of limonin, how the concentration of limonin affects pharmacological effects and toxicity, finding ways to reduce the toxicity of limonin, and structural modification of limonin—one of the key methods necessary to enhance pharmacological activity and bioavailability.

scholarly journals THE RED BLOOD CELLS CATALASE ACTIVITY IS INFLUENCED BY TARAXACUM OFFICINALE

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Ala Fulga ◽  
Valeriana Pantea ◽  
Svetlana Protopop ◽  
Olga Tagadiuc ◽  
Mihail Todiras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Leaves And Roots

Natural antioxidants protect cells against oxidative stress, which is directly involved in ageing processes and in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and neoplastic diseases. Taraxacum officinale (TO) due to its rich content of biologically active ingredients has been commonly used in traditional medicine. It contains a wide spectrum of compounds with antioxidant activity. The content depends of parts of this plant. The roots are rich in phenolic and terpene compounds, sesquiterpene lactones, fructosans and inulin, while leaves are rich in substances belonging to flavonoids, phenolic acids, coumarins and vitamins, especially vitamin A. The literature results prove that antioxidant activity of TO depends on several factors including the plant part, the solvent used, as well as the duration of extraction. The aim of this study was to evaluate and to compare the action of alcoholic extracts of roots and leaves of TO on RBC’s catalase activity. Material and methods. Raw Taraxacum officinale plant material consisted of dried leaves and roots were harvested from a natural site. The extracts for analysis were prepared using 20, 25, 40, 50 and 80% (v/v) ethanol mixtures used as solvents. The catalase activity was established by using RBC of healthy persons. Conclusions. Phytotherapeutic herbs and plants continue to play an important role in the discovery and development of drugs. Leaves and roots of dandelion represent a rich source of bioactive compounds for potential exploitation in nutraceuticals and pharmacological sectors. Taraxacum officinale has a high ability to act as an antioxidant. The highest influence on RBC’s catalase activity was reported in case of roots ethanolic extracts of 25%. These actions are realized due to multiple substances, whose content probably depends of ethanol’s concentration. Additional studies are needed to characterize biological activities of these extracts.

scholarly journals DOES Beta vulgaris L. HAVE LCYB GENE?

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Yulius Dedy Irawan ◽  
Ilvi Chamalia ◽  
Dahlia , ◽  
Dwi Listyorini
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Pigment Synthesis ◽  
Plant Model ◽  
Blast Analysis ◽  
Lilium Lancifolium ◽  
Forward Primer

Beta carotene is a pigment that generally shared by all plants. This pigment synthesis is catalized by lycopene beta cyclase enzime. This enzyme is encoded by the LCYB gene. This research aimed to obtain the sequence of LCYB gene isolated from beet (Beta vulgaris L.) leaves. Several experiments have been done to isolate the LCYB gene. In the first experiment, the gene primers are designed using Pick Primer software based on conserved region of Taraxacum officinale (accession no.AB247456.1) and Lilium lancifolium LCYB (accession no. GU471230.1).The forward primer is (5'-TGTCGTGGTGGATCTTGTGG-3') and the reverse is (5'-ACACCTGTTGAGCGACAGAC-3').At the first experiment, the gene target’s sequence was not obtained as the phylogenetic relationship between Beta vulgaris, Taraxacum officinale, and Lilium lancifolium were too far.In the second experiment, the primers are designed using LCYB gene in Arabidopsis thaliana (accsession no.NM_111858.2), with considering Arabidopsis thaliana as a plant model. The primers are (5’­TGGGACAGCAGGAATGGTTC-3’) as the forward primer and (5’-GAGAAGAGCGACAACCCGAA-3’) the reverse. By using BLAST analysis in the second experiment, it suggests that the fragment amplified by forward primer has similarity with trnL gene.This study seems to amplify the trnL gene instead of LCYB gene. This facts leads to bigger question whether or not the Beta vulgaris L has the LCYB gene.Keywords : Beta carotene, Lycopene Beta Cyclase, Beta vulgaris L, LCYB gene

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF THE GENUS PICRORHIZA (SCROPHULARIACE)

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
ANJU BHATNAGAR
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Major Chemical

Picrorhiza (family Scrophulariace), commonly known as ‘kukti’ is a small perennial herb found in the Himalayan regions of China, Pakistan, India, Bhutan and Nepal at an altitude of 3000-5200 m. Different plant parts and its extract have traditionally been used as a remedy of various ailments such as fever, asthma, jaundice, anemia, abdominal pain, dysentery, cold, stomach problems. Picrorihza has been investigated for its chemical composition and biological activities by various researchers. The major chemical constituents found in this plant were iridoid glycosides, cucurbitacins (triterpenoids) glycosides, phenylethanoid glycosides and phenolics. The Picrorihza has various pharmacological properties, including hepto-protective, antimicrobial, anti-mutagenic, cardio-protective, anti-malarial, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, and neuroprotective and antioxidant activities. A thorough bibliographic investigation was carried out by analyzing worldwide scientific databases including Pub Med, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Wiley online as well as offline sources. The Present review is aimed to provide an updated overview of traditional uses, chemical constituents and biological activities of Picrorihza to explore its therapeutic potentials and to provide bases for future research.

scholarly journals A Review Article on Phytochemical Investigation and Pharmacological Activity of Various Parts of Dalbergia sissoo

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Soni ◽  
Prashant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Dalbergia Sissoo ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Coagulant Activity

Current study discussing the ethnobotanical importance of the different part of the plant Dalbergia sissoo its pharmacological activity and various formulation. Nature is like a treasure of medicine. From last thousands year nature give us several type of medicines which we use for the treatment of different type of diseases and valetudinarism. Dalbergia sissoo is one the most crucial/significant plant with full of medicinal attribute. Dalbergia sissoo (Fabaceae) has reported to possess different type pharmacological activity such as antinociceptive activity, anti-coagulant activity, antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, memory enhancing activity, antiulcer activity, nephro-protective activity, anti-spermatogenic activity, analgesic activity, antipyretic activity, antitermitic activity, antilithiatic activity, antidiabetic activity, anthelmintic activity, immunomodulation activity and so on. This study divulging the medicinal important and all pharmacological action of the different part of the plant Dalbergia sissoo.

scholarly journals Sesquiterpene Lactones and Phenolics from Roots of Leontodon hispidus subsp. hispidus

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Klaudia Michalska ◽  
Katarzyna Pieron ◽  
Anna Stojakowska
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
First Time

The phytochemical investigation on roots of Leontodon hispidus L. subsp. hispidus, led to the isolation of nine sesquiterpene lactones including two eudesmanolides of santamarine type and three lactucin-like guaianolides together with four known phenolic compounds. The eudesmanolides – santamarine and 11 β,13-dihydrosantamarine, guaianolides – matricarin, deacetylmatricarin and deacetylmatricarin 8- O- β-glucopyranoside, and phenolics – syringaldehyde, 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-propanone, syringin and dihydroconiferin were found for the first time in Leontodon.

scholarly journals Antiprotozoal Germacranolide Sesquiterpene Lactones from Tanacetum sonbolii

Planta Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (05) ◽  
pp. 424-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Mofidi Tabatabaei ◽  
Samad Nejad Ebrahimi ◽  
Peyman Salehi ◽  
Ali Sonboli ◽  
Marzieh Tabefam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei Rhodesiense ◽  
L6 Cells ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Ic50 Values

AbstractA phytochemical investigation of extracts from flowers and aerial parts of Tanacetum sonbolii afforded 7 new germacranolide sesquiterpene lactones. The structures were established by a combination of 1- and 2-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and electronic circular dichroism. The in vitro antiprotozoal activity of the compounds against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and cytotoxicity against rat myoblast (L6) cells were determined. Compounds 4 and 5 showed IC50 values of 5.1 and 10.2 µM and selectivity indices of 3.9 and 4.0, respectively.

KASNI (CICHORIUM INTYBUS L.): A REVIEW ON MEDICINAL UTILITY IN PERSPECTIVE OF UNANI MEDICINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Afsahul Kalam ◽  
Bazila Majeed ◽  
Aieman Yaqoob ◽  
Riehana Ghani ◽  
Shafiqur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Tartaric Acids ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Bright Blue

Kasni (Cichorium intybus L.) or Chicory is a perennial herb of the dandelion family, (Asteraceae), usually with bright blue flowers, rarely white or pink which is used widely in Unani System of Medicine. It is an erect and procumbent herb that attains about 40-80cm hight. There are two main varieties of Kasni one issweet and second is wild. The most popular variety of Kasni used for medicinal purposes is Cichorium intybus L. Different parts of the herb are used for medicinal purposes like leaves, seeds and root. It is well known for the resolvent action of internal organs and especially for its hepatoprotective and nephroprotective properties, regarding the hepatoprotective activity, chicory extract reduces the levels of hepatic enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. It contains dietary fiber Inulin which is useful in treating diabetes and constipation. Besides inulin it contains other chemical constituents like sesquiterpene lactones, coumarins, citric and tartaric acids, lactic, acetic, palmitic, pyruvic acid etc. Its leaves contain vitamin B2 and C, root contains series of glucofructosans. The main actions which are attributed to chicory are deobstruent, diuretic, blood purifier, antipyretic and antiinflammatory as mentioned in Unani medicine. It is recommended in the treatment of jaundice, gastritis, ascites, arthritis, asthma and many other disorders, either alone or in compound form. This review gives knowledge on distribution, morphology, phytochemistry and pharmacological aspects along with its therapeutic uses in perspective of Unani System of Medicine.

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