scholarly journals Safety in New Zealand weed biocontrol a nationwide survey for impacts on nontarget plants

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Paynter ◽  
S.V. Fowler ◽  
A.H. Gourlay ◽  
M.L. Haines ◽  
H.M. Harman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Exotic Plants ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Weed Biological Control ◽  
Weed Biocontrol ◽  
Tyria Jacobaeae

The safety record of weed biocontrol was questioned recently when examples of damage to nontarget plants were reported overseas Until now systematic investigations of nontarget feeding have not been performed in New Zealand Results of surveys looking for evidence of nontarget damage caused by 20 biological control agents released against weeds in New Zealand are presented Most agents (16) are apparently hostspecific However two species (Tyria jacobaeae and Phytomyza vitalbae) were recorded attacking native plants although their attack was very minor and predictable from hostrange testing performed prior to release For two other species Bruchidius villosus and Cydia succedana nontarget attack was not predicted from hostrange testing Larval feeding by these species was confined to mainly weedy exotic plants that are closely related to their target plants The reliability of hostspecificity testing and overall safety record of weed biological control in New Zealand are discussed

Plant Pathogens at Work: Progress and Possibilities for Weed Biocontrol Classical versus Bioherbicidal Approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Yandoc-Ables ◽  
E. N. Rosskopf ◽  
R. Charudattan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Invasive Weeds ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Weed Biological Control ◽  
Application Technology ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Weed Biocontrol

Weed biological control using plant pathogens has been successfully implemented for a number of important invasive weeds. Both the classical and bioherbicide approaches have shown promise depending on the characteristics of the target weed. Bioherbicidal activity can be improved with research on formulation and application technology. Other approaches that have improved weed control efficacy for both classical biological control agents and bioherbicides include using a combination of pathogens and insects. Accepted for publication 9 April 2007. Published 22 August 2007.

Predator Interference with the Cinnabar Moth (Tyria jacobaeae) for the Biological Control of Tansy Ragwort (Senecio jacobaea)

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly K. Crider
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Moth Population ◽  
Tyria Jacobaeae ◽  
Carpenter Ants ◽  
Ant Predation ◽  
Cinnabar Moth ◽  
Tansy Ragwort

AbstractQuantification of interference with biological control agents can provide support for anecdotal claims of success or failure of agent establishment and efficacy. This study was initiated because of observed predation of cinnabar moth larvae by carpenter ants when releasing larvae for the control of tansy ragwort, an invasive plant in Montana. Biotic and abiotic factors were compared among three sites with historically variable moth population establishment. Two experiments were developed to (1) observe and document insect activity, predation, or disappearance on tansy ragwort stems either protected or accessible to ants; and (2) quantify the effects of ant exclusion on herbivory of tansy ragwort. Site comparisons indicated that ant colony density was highest at the driest of three sites, and, interestingly, no ant colonies were detected at the site with higher observed numbers of moth larvae and adults and lower densities of tansy ragwort. Available substrate (logs and stumps) for ant colonization did not differ between the three sites. In the ant exclusion experiments, a larger number of larvae were missing on plants accessible to ants (63%) compared with plants where ants were excluded (39%) after 36 h. Direct observation of predation of larvae by carpenter ants accounted for 9% of missing larvae on stems accessible to ants. Larvae were able to consume 81% of original flowers or buds on ant-excluded stems, compared with 18% consumption on ant-accessible stems, suggesting that ant predation could limit the efficacy of cinnabar moth larvae. These results provide one of many possible explanations for the anecdotal observations of large, persistent populations of cinnabar moths in moist areas. This work emphasizes the importance of post-release observation and monitoring to detect and, ideally, quantify factors to support anecdotal perceptions regarding the fate and subsequent efficacy of insect biological-control agents.

Biological control of sapstain fungi with natural products and biological control agents: a review of the work carried out in New Zealand

2002 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joël L. Vanneste ◽  
Robert A. Hill ◽  
Stuart J. Kay ◽  
Roberta L. Farrell ◽  
Patrick T. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Biological Control Agents

Acute toxicity of mosquito pesticides on weed biological control agents in south Florida, USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 855-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory S. Wheeler ◽  
Ellen C. Lake ◽  
Min B. Rayamajhi ◽  
Melissa C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Weed Biological Control

scholarly journals Selecting potential nontarget species for host range testing of Eadya paropsidis

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Withers ◽  
G.R. Allen ◽  
C.A.M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Weed Biological Control ◽  
Species List ◽  
Nontarget Species ◽  
Range Testing

Classical biological control is proposed for Paropsis charybdis (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Chrysomelinae) a eucalypt pest established in New Zealand The Australian solitary larval endoparasitoid Eadya paropsidis (Hymenoptera Braconidae) is under investigation A potential nontarget species list was compiled for host range testing There are no endemic species of paropsines in the New Zealand fauna only invasive pest beetles The most closely related endemic beetles to the paropsines are Chrysomelinae in the genera Allocharis Aphilon Caccomolpus Chalcolampra and Cyrtonogetus Little is known about these species New Zealand has also introduced 12 beneficial chrysomelid weed biological control agents which include Chrysomelinae and their sister group the Galerucinae One endemic beetle six beneficial beetles and two pest beetles are listed as the highest priority species for host specificity testing

scholarly journals Better biological control in glasshouses: synergies between biological control agents from different guilds and floral resources

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Emiliano R. Veronesi ◽  
Oluwashola Olaniyan ◽  
Stephen D. Wratten ◽  
Melanie Davidson ◽  
Chris Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Floral Resources ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Mirid Bug ◽  
Multiple Species

The tomato/potato psyllid (TPP), Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera, Triozidae), is an adventive psyllid in New Zealand that is a major pest of solanaceous crops and a serious threat to growers in the glasshouse industry. Worldwide, evaluation of potential biological control (BC) agents is normally conducted using single species and this is the case with some potential BC agents for TPP. However, the idea that multiple species can act synergistically remains largely untested so that is the aim of the current work, which is funded by Tomatoes New Zealand. The introduced parasitoid Tamarixia triozae is a BC agent of TPP that attacks mainly late instars. It lives for just 1 day when provided with water but can live up to 11 days (and consume more pests) when nectar in the flowers of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is provided. In addition, another potential BC agent, the mirid bug Engytatus nicotianae, prefers young nymphal instars, while the ladybird Cleobora mellyi is voracious and consumes all instars. We are testing combinations of these species to understand the potential for synergies between and within trophic levels for better biological control.

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