PRIMING MAIZE SEEDS WITH ECHINOCHLOA COLONA ALLELOPATHIC AQUEOUS EXTRACT ALLEVIATES SALT STRESS

RESUMO - Durante o processo de produção de sementes, estresses abióticos como salinidade do solo e déficit hídrico são fatores determinantes e que influenciam no estabelecimento e desenvolvimento uniforme do estande em campo. Nesse sentido, cultivares tolerantes a altas concentrações salinas nestas fases são fundamentais nos programas de melhoramento. Diante disto, objetivou-se com a presente pesquisa verificar a influência da produção de sementes sob condições de estresse hídrico e salino na germinação e no vigor, assim como na atividade da enzima α-amilase em sementes de milho. Para isso, foram conduzidos dois experimentos para a produção de sementes de milho, um em condições de estresse salino e o outro sob condições de déficit hídrico. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento de blocos completos casualisados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas. As sementes colhidas em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento, determinados pela linha de leite (LL), foram submetidas a análises fisiológicas e de vigor, bem como determinou-se a expressão da enzima α-amilase por eletroforese. Diante dos resultados foi possível concluir que a germinação e o vigor das sementes produzidas em solos com condutividade de 3 dS m-1 não são afetados pela salinidade, e o desenvolvimento das plantas em condições de estresse hídrico e salino não afetou a atividade da enzima α-amilase em sementes colhidas na LL5. Palavras-chave: Zea mays L., eletroforese, estádios de desenvolvimento. PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY AND ALPHA-AMYLASE EXPRESSION OF MAIZE SEEDS IN CONDITIONS OF SALT AND WATER STRESS ABSTRACT - During seed production process, abiotic stresses such as soil salinity and drought are determining factors that influence the establishment and development of uniform stand on the field. Thus, tolerant cultivars to high salt concentrations in these phases are critical in breeding programs. This way, we aimed to investigate seeds production in conditions of water and salt stress on maize seeds germination and vigor as well as the α-amylase enzyme activity. Two experiments were performed for maize seeds production in salt stress conditions and drought. The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design in a split-plot arrangement. Seeds harveste at different development stages, determined by milk line (ML), were submitted to vigor and physiological analysis as well as the expression determination of α-amylase enzyme by electrophoreses. With the results it was concluded that both, the seeds germination and vigor produced in soil with conductivity 3 dS m-1, are not affected by salinity, and the plants development in water and salt stress conditions did not affect the activity of α-amylase enzyme in seedsharvested in ML5 maturity stage. Keywords: Zea mays L., electrophoresis, development stages.

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Improvement of Pisum sativum salt stress tolerance by bio-priming their seeds using Typha angustifolia leaves aqueous extract

South African Journal of Botany ◽

10.1016/j.sajb.2016.04.006 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 105 ◽

pp. 240-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

N. Ghezal ◽

I. Rinez ◽

H. Sbai ◽

I. Saad ◽

M. Farooq ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Typha Angustifolia ◽

Salt Stress Tolerance

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Exogenous mammalian sex hormones mitigate inhibition in growth by enhancing antioxidant activity and synthesis reactions in germinating maize seeds under salt stress

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ◽

10.1002/jsfa.4655 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 92 (4) ◽

pp. 839-843 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Serkan Erdal

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Sex Hormones ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Synthesis Reactions

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Salicylic acid: physiological and biochemical changes in seeds and maize seedlings subjected to salt stress

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372013000400007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 457-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fernanda Reolon Tonel ◽

Patrícia Marini ◽

Juliana de Magalhães Bandeira ◽

Dario Munt de Moraes ◽

Luciano do Amarante

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Maize Seedlings ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Nacl Concentration ◽

Physiological And Biochemical ◽

Defense Function

Several plant species have development limitations on saline soils; however under water stress situations salicylic acid (SA) may have defense function by acting as antioxidant. Thereby, this study was aimed at analyzing physiological changes occurring in maize seeds treated with SA and germinated on sodium chloride moistened substrate; as well as assessing the effect of antioxidant enzymes produced by the seedlings. To this, seeds were soaked into zero and 1 mM SA solutions, for 60 min., and germinated on different NaCl concentrations (0, 30, 90, and 180 mM), and afterwards evaluated for germination, germination speed index, initial growth, and effect of antioxidant enzymes on seedlings. For electrical conductivity test, the seeds were previously soaked in NaCl solutions with and without SA. The SA application has minimized damages induced by salt stress to maize seed germination by favoring their germination percent; however without SA was not able on maintaining seed viability over 90 mM. Seedling initial growth was impaired by increasing NaCl concentrations in substrate; and electric conductivity has shown low values for release of solutes in the presence of SA. Activity of antioxidant enzymes has increased until 30 mM NaCl concentration; however above such concentration activity of these enzymes was reduced. The SA maintains germination of corn seeds above 90 mM NaCl; however, generally it is not efficient to ensure vigor of seedlings.

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Vigour in maize seeds: influence on seedling development under conditions of salt stress

Revista Ciência Agronômica ◽

10.5935/1806-6690.20160059 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 491-499 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rosemeire Carvalho da Silva ◽

Camila Ribeiro de Souza Grzybowski ◽

Maristela Panobianco

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Seedling Development ◽

Maize Seeds

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Effects of vitamin pre-sowing treatment on sweet maize seedlings irrigated with saline water

Acta Agronómica ◽

10.15446/acag.v69n1.67528 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 20-25

Author(s):

Eduardo Pradi Vendruscolo ◽

Alexsander Seleguini

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salinity Stress ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Saline Water ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Initial Development ◽

Combined Application ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Combined Solution

Salinity stress represents an obstacle for the production of plants of commercial interest, including sweet maize. Among the techniques used to suppress the effects caused by excess salts in the soil is the exogenous application of vitamins. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the pre-sowing treatment of sweet maize seeds in solutions of thiamine, niacin and these two vitamins combined on the development of the plants irrigated with saline water. The treatments were composed by the 24 h pre-sowing treatment with water, thiamine solution (thiamine 100 mg L-1), niacin solution (niacin 100 mg L-1) and a combined solution with these two vitamins (thiamine 50 mg L-1 + niacin 50 mg L-1) irrigated with saline water. A control (pre-sowing treatment with water and irrigation with non-saline water) was also used. It was observed that salinity stress affects the sweet maize initial development. Application of isolate thiamine or niacin and its combined application improves the relative contents of chlorophyll ‘a’ and total, height of shoot, leaf number, diameter of stem and shoot, root and total dry matter, reducing dry matter losses by 8.89%, 25.46% and 39.60%, respectively. Soaking seeds for 24 h in thiamine and niacin solutions improve the initial growth of sweet maize plants under salt stress and a combined vitamin solution (thiamine 50 mg L-1 + niacin 50 mg L-1) effectively reduces the salt stress negative effect on the initial development of these plants.

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Physiological and Biochemical Effects of an Aqueous Extract of Lemna minor L. as a Potential Biostimulant for Maize

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation ◽

10.1007/s00344-021-10491-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniele Del Buono ◽

Maria Luce Bartucca ◽

Eleonora Ballerini ◽

Biancamaria Senizza ◽

Luigi Lucini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Lemna Minor ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Water Volume ◽

Freshwater Species ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Controlled Conditions ◽

Physiological And Biochemical

AbstractBiostimulants are receiving increasing attention for their beneficial effects on crops, driving interest in identifying new plant extracts that could exert such stimulatory effects. This work aimed to evaluate the potential of an aqueous extract obtained from duckweed (Lemna minor L.), a freshwater species, to act as a biostimulant in maize. For this purpose, duckweed plants were collected from a natural basin and then transferred, stabilized, and grown under controlled conditions. The duckweed extract was first characterized through untargeted profiling, which revealed an abundance of bioactive phytochemicals. A relatively high amount of low-molecular-weight secondary metabolites such as phenolics (6714.99 mg kg−1) and glucosinolates (4563.74 mg kg−1) were present in the plant extract. Maize seeds were primed with different concentrations of this extract (0.01%, 0.05%, 0.50%, and 1.00%, dry weight/water volume), and some physiological and biochemical traits of the crop were recorded. The duckweed extract improved maize germination, biomass, leaf area, pigment content, and vigor index. The most effective treatment was the 0.50% concentration, which improved the majority of the measured growth traits. The extract at concentrations of 0.05%, 0.50%, and 1.00% stimulated the assimilation of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu). In summary, this study revealed that duckweed is a promising species that can be cultured and grown under controlled conditions for obtaining extracts with biostimulant properties.

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Efficacy of Turmeric Rhizome (Curcuma longa) and Moringa Leaf (Moringa oleifera) Extract in Treatment against Fungi Associated with Maize Seeds

Asian Plant Research Journal ◽

10.9734/aprj/2018/v1i226270 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

W. C. John ◽

T. A. Ihum ◽

O. Olusolape ◽

N. Janfa

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Filter Paper ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Petri Dish ◽

Mean Value ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Treatment Agent ◽

Biology Laboratory

This research was focused on the use of different concentration of aqueous extract of Moringa leaf and Turmeric rhizome as seed treatment agents against fungi associated with maize seeds. The study was designed using 2 x 3 factorial in completely randomised design. This research was carried out in Biology Laboratory of Federal College of Forestry, Jos from April to June 2018. Untreated maize seeds were collected from farmers in three different areas of Mazah village in Jos North LG. Maize seeds were tested for the presence of fungi by culturing on Petri dish having moist filter paper. Aqueous extract of Turmeric rhizome and Moringa leaf at 25, 50, and 75 ml concentration were used as seed treatment agent against fungi. The seeds were soaked in prepared extracts for 1 hour and then cultured on petri dish having moist filter paper, control samples were soaked in sterile water. Infested seeds were counted manually after twenty days. Results were analysed using one-way analysis of variance at 95% confidence level. Penicillium sp, Fusarium solani, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus were isolated from the untreated maize seed. Fusariumsolani gave the highest percentage occurrence of 35.48. 50 ml concentration of Turmeric rhizome has an antifungal mean value of 3.67 after 20days. The control (untreated) showed the antifungal mean value of 6.67 after 20 days. The results obtained revealed significance between the treatment and the control. The results indicate Turmeric rhizome and Moringa leaf extracts could be used in seed dressing against maize infection caused by fungi.

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