scholarly journals POLY CYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME: AN UPDATED REVIEW

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Royal Patel ◽  
Aarti Tiwari ◽  
Sanjana Chouhan
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Adrenal Hyperandrogenism ◽  
Insulin Tolerance ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Shbg Level ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS) is the most common endocrine and inflammatory disorder in women associated with oligo-anovulatory infertility and cardiometabolic disorder. Insulin plays a vital role in PCOS; it is also responsible for regulating the action of ovarian and liver metabolic enzymes and also involved in the production of Androgens. The hyperandrogenism prevalence nearly (70-80%). In PCOS, the target tissue is controlled by sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG) because this is a type of protein produced by hepatic and tightly bind with testosterone and as well as dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and estradiol.[3] Currently study reported, associated with rs6259 polymorphism with link SHBG level and PCOS in most Indian women, nearly 3-5%. The PCOS cases associated with isolated functional adrenal hyperandrogenism and the remaining case of PCOS maybe lack clinical evidence of steroids secretory dysfunction. Most of the females are obese in PCOS; the treatment approaches of PCOS are towards improving insulin tolerance reduce the level of androgen and maintain the normal menstrual cycle and regulate proper fertility. Nonpharmacological approaches are also helpful, like proper exercise, weight management, and maintain healthy diets. The etiology is still unclear, not clear, and has no cure. Some studies reported dysregulation of the gut microbiome and played the crucial role played in Pathogenesis in PCOS.

scholarly journals Homozygous SHBG Variant (rs6258) Linked to Gonadotropin-Independent Precocious Puberty in a Young Girl

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria C Andriessen ◽  
Marissa Lightbourne ◽  
Chelsi Flippo ◽  
Fabio R Faucz ◽  
Angela Delaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Young Girl ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Shbg Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Peripheral Precocious Puberty

Abstract Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in the blood is a major determinant of bioactivity for key sex steroids such as testosterone and estradiol. Low serum levels of SHBG have been associated with obesity, polycystic ovaries and metabolic syndrome, and other states associated with hyperandrogenemia. A 9-year, 6-month-old girl presented with a history of peripheral precocious puberty and aggressive behavior. The patient’s SHBG level was remarkably low for her age, at less than 5 nmol/L [reference range for a girl with a bone age of 10 years, 73 nmol/L (SEM= 10)](1). Upon genetic and protein analysis, the patient was found to have a homozygous missense potentially pathogenic variant in the SHBG gene (c.554 C>T, p.P185L); her parents were asymptomatic heterozygote carriers. Laboratory investigations supported the possible involvement of this genetic alteration in the patient’s phenotype. Various analyses of this variant support its pathogenicity, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. In conclusion, we present a genetic SHBG variant in the homozygote state that may have been associated with gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty in a young girl.

scholarly journals Anthropometric and Biochemical Characteristics of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in South Indian Women Using AES-2006 Criteria

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujatha Thathapudi ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Kodati ◽  
Jayashankar Erukkambattu ◽  
Anuradha Katragadda ◽  
Uma Addepally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Role of Women Empowerment in Public and Corporate Leadership

2021 ◽  
pp. 702-710
Author(s):  
P. Lakshmi ◽  
S. Visalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Corporate Leadership ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current Trends

The present study attempts to highlight the social and economic benefits of leadership of Indian women based on past evidence; current trends; challenges faced and the path forward in the public and corporate arena. Women empowerment has been a vital issue that has come to limelight in the recent years. Despite numerous government schemes and policy decisions, women in India remain deprived of equal opportunities in terms of education, employment and skill development. Many social scientists have derived that economic independence plays a vital role in ensuring that women get equal opportunities in the society and thereby enjoy and benefit from their other rights. This makes women empowerment as much of an economic issue as a social one. In corporate and public life, success of policies is determined by decisions that incorporate the viewpoints of both men and women. Hence, it becomes essential to understand the nature and extent of gender equality especially in public and corporate leadership and decision making roles. The outcomes of this study from these perspectives will serve to help both sectors in narrowing the gender bias in leadership roles.

scholarly journals The relationship between components of metabolic syndrome and plasma level of sex hormone-binding globulin

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Alinezhad ◽  
Fatemeh Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Shbg Level ◽  
The Relationship

Plasma concentration of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), as an androgen binding protein, is impressed by many physiological and environmental factors. Recent studies have shown that plasma level of SHBG is related to some components of metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, in contrast, few articles failed to show any associations between SHBG and MetS. So, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between Components of Metabolic Syndrome and Plasma Level of Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin. In this study, after measuring the plasma level of SHBG in 84 individuals, the relation between MetS and the plasma level of SHBG was investigated. After evaluating the plasma level of SHBG and metabolic abnormalities in men and women, we investigated the factors which mentioned above in two groups including patients with and without MetS. Also, the metabolic abnormalities which evaluated in this study including plasma level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, serum uric acid (SUA), Albumin, lipid profiles and etc. according to five components of MetS. Our result shows that SHBG could contributed to some laboratory parameters such as LDL-C (P<0.05), total cholesterol (P<0.05), triglycerides (P<0.05) and etc. in men, but not in women. On the other hand, we observed that concentration of SHBG is higher in patients with MetS (P<0.05); however, results from our experiment showed that there is no relation between lower level of SHBG and five components of MetS such as central obesity, raised fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (P>0.05), reduced HDL-C (P>0.05), raised triglycerides (P>0.05) and raised blood pressure (P>0.05) in both men and women. There is a significant association between SHBG and Log-Hip Circumference (P<0.05), Non-HDL-C (P<0.05) and Log-25(OH)D (P<0.05) was seen in this cross-section study in both men and women. Results obtained from our study suggest that SHBG is not a powerful enough factor to use as a predictor of MetS alone and there is no association between plasma level of SHBG and development of five components of MetS, however, lower SHBG level may contributed to lipid profiles.

scholarly journals Role of Ultrasound in the Assessment of Female Infertility

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-200
Author(s):  
Maria Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
3D Ultrasound ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Female Infertility ◽  
Luteal Phase Defect ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Luteinized Unruptured Follicle ◽  
Ovarian Cycles

ABSTRACT Ultrasound has made significant advancements in reproductive medicine, especially infertility of a female cause. It is a useful tool in the diagnosis and management of various disorders. Transvaginal ultrasonography in particular plays a vital role in infertility treatment as it allows for evaluation of normal and stimulated ovarian cycles, aspiration of follicles, and subsequent transfer of embryos. The use of color Doppler permits visualization of endometrial and intraovarian vessels, facilitating an understanding of normal and abnormal physiology of the uterus and ovaries. This article reviews a variety of case scenarios regarding female infertility that may be encountered in the practice of reproductive endocrinology. Ovarian causes such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, luteinized unruptured follicle, luteal phase defect, premature ovarian failure, and endometriosis, are discussed together with tubal and uterine causes of infertility. By using illustrative images, the reader will be able to correlate findings on B-mode, color Doppler and 3D ultrasound with various causes of female infertility. How to cite this article Sheikh M, Kupesic Plavsic S. Role of Ultrasound in the Assessment of Female Infertility. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(2):184-200.

scholarly journals Adrenal hyperandrogenism does not deteriorate insulin resistance and lipid profile in women with PCOS

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 601-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavroula A Paschou ◽  
Eleni Palioura ◽  
Dimitrios Ioannidis ◽  
Panagiotis Anagnostis ◽  
Argyro Panagiotakou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Metabolic Parameter ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Free Androgen Index ◽  
Adrenal Hyperandrogenism ◽  
The Impact

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of adrenal hyperandrogenism on insulin resistance and lipid profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Patients and methods We studied 372 women with PCOS according to the NIH criteria. 232 age- and BMI-matched women served as controls in order to define adrenal hyperandrogenism (DHEA-S >95th percentile). Then, patients with PCOS were classified into two groups: with adrenal hyperandrogenism (PCOS-AH, n = 108) and without adrenal hyperandrogenism (PCOS-NAH, n = 264). Anthropometric measurements were recorded. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, lipid profile, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and androgen (TT, Δ4A, DHEA-S) concentrations were assessed. Free androgen index (FAI) and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were calculated. Results Women with PCOS-AH were younger than PCOS-NAH (P < 0.001), but did not differ in the degree and type of obesity. No differences were found in HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c and triglyceride concentrations (in all comparisons, P > 0.05). These metabolic parameters did not differ between the two groups even after correction for age. Women with PCOS-AH had lower SHBG (29.2 ± 13.8 vs 32.4 ± 11.8 nmol/L, P = 0.025) and higher TT (1.0 ± 0.2 vs 0.8 ± 0.4 ng/mL, P = 0.05) and Δ4A (3.9 ± 1.2 vs 3.4 ± 1.0 ng/mL, P = 0.007) concentrations, as well as FAI (14.1 ± 8.0 vs 10.2 ± 5.0, P < 0.001). These results were confirmed by a multiple regression analysis model in which adrenal hyperandrogenism was negatively associated with age (P < 0.001) and SHBG concentrations (P = 0.02), but not with any metabolic parameter. Conclusions Women with PCOS and adrenal hyperandrogenism do not exhibit any deterioration in insulin resistance and lipid profile despite the higher degree of total androgens.

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