Use of chlorhexidine during labor: How effective against neonatal group B streptococci colonization?

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Henneguin ◽  
Laura Tecco ◽  
Alain Vokaer
Keyword(s):  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Neonatal Group ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals Influence of group B streptococci on piglet pulmonary artery response to bradykinin

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Whitehurst ◽  
Rachel Laskey ◽  
Ronald N. Goldberg ◽  
Donald Herbert ◽  
Cornelius Van Breemen
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relaxed Controls ◽  
Vascular Response ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Resting Tension ◽  
Neonatal Group ◽  
Group B

To study whether a sepsis-induced increase in des-Arg9-bradykinin (des-Arg9-BK) and bradykinin (BK) B1-receptor activity participates in the observed increase in pulmonary vascular resistance in neonatal group B streptococcal sepsis (GBS), isometric force bioassays of pulmonary artery (PA) rings were studied, after 4-h exposure to either Krebs or GBS, by using the following protocols: 1) BK dose-response curve, 2) vascular response to BK with N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), and 3) response to des-Arg9-BK (BK metabolite and B1 agonist). PA rings exposed to BK resulted in contraction in the GBS group and a decrease in resting tension in the Control group ( P = 0.034) at a concentration of 10−5 M. GBS-treated PA rings contracted more to des-Arg9-BK than did Controls ( P < 0.001). BK (10−6 M) relaxed preconstricted PA rings incubated in GBS less than BK relaxed Controls ( P < 0.001), and preincubation withl-NAME decreased relaxation in both. These results suggest that GBS decreased endothelium-dependent BK relaxation and increased contractile response to des-Arg9-BK. We speculate that this occurs secondary to upregulation of B1 receptors reflected by B1-agonist-mediated PA contraction.

scholarly journals Demonstration of opsonic activity and in vivo protection against group B streptococci type III by Streptococcus pneumoniae type 14 antisera.

1978 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 776-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
G W Fischer ◽  
G H Lowell ◽  
M H Crumrine ◽  
J W Bass
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Opsonic Activity ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Neonatal Group ◽  
Group B ◽  
Type 3

The present studies demonstrate that antisera directed against Streptococcus pneumoniae type 14 is opsonic for group B streptococci type III in a neutrophile-mediated bactericidal assay. Specificity was demonstrated by the observations that group B streptococci type III and S. pneumoniae type 14 adsorbed the opsonic activity of anti-S. pneumoniae type 14 antisera. Group B streptococci strain 090R (devoid of type antigens) and S. pneumoniae type 3, did not remove the opsonic activity of anti-S. pneumoniae type 14 serum. In vivo studies using a suckling rat model of neonatal group B streptococcal type III sepsis demonstrated that antisera directed against S. pneumoniae type 14 was highly protective.

Group B Streptococcus

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (S2) ◽  
pp. 135-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S.F. Easmon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Neonatal Group ◽  
Group B ◽  
Portal Of Entry

Over the past 25 years group B streptococci have become established as one of the main bacterial pathogens of the neonate in Western Europe and the United States. The attack rate of 0.25/1,000 live births found by Mayon White in Great Britain1 appears typical of many European countries. However, in some centers in the United States attack rates can be over 10 times higher.Two types of neonatal group B streptococcus (GBS) diseases exist, “early” and “late” onset. Early onset disease usually presents within the first few days of life. Often the most serious infections are present at birth or seen within a few hours. Early onset disease presents with pneumonia, respiratory distress and shock. Bacteremia is normally present and meningitis may occur. Mortality is high (50% to 75%). The portal of entry is probably the respiratory tract. Infants normally acquire the infecting organism from their mothers. Heavy maternal and infant colonization, prolonged rupture of membranes, prematurity, and obstetric complications are all risk factors.Delayed onset disease, as its name suggests, presents after the first week of life, primarily with bacteremia and meningitis. Mortality is much lower than for the early onset form, but still appreciable for a bacterial infection (14% to 18%). Its epidemiology is uncertain.

scholarly journals Multilocus Sequence Types of Invasive and Colonizing Neonatal Group B Streptococci in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Brzychczy-Wloch ◽  
Tomasz Gosiewski ◽  
Malgorzata Bulanda
Keyword(s):  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Neonatal Group ◽  
Group B ◽  
Sequence Types

Susceptibility to Six Antibiotics of Group B Streptococci Isolated from Cerebrospinal Fluid

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-193
Author(s):  
Chris Mulder ◽  
Pieter Bol ◽  
Arjan Nabbe ◽  
Bob Zanen
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Group B

NEONATAL OSTEOMYELITIS AND MENINGITIS CAUSED BY GROUP B STREPTOCOCCI

1977 ◽  
Vol 2 (15) ◽  
pp. 500-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie R. Ashdown ◽  
P. H. Hewson ◽  
S. K. Suleman
Keyword(s):  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals Trends in molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of group B streptococci: a multicenter study in Serbia, 2015–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Kekic ◽  
Ina Gajic ◽  
Natasa Opavski ◽  
Milan Kojic ◽  
Goran Vukotic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Disease Rate ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group B

AbstractGroup B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Serbia has not fully implemented preventive measures against GBS neonatal diseases. Therefore, we aimed to assess the maternal GBS colonisation and invasive neonatal disease rate, to reveal the trends of antimicrobial resistance and serotype distribution of GBS from various patient groups. Randomly selected non-invasive (n = 991) and all invasive GBS (n = 80) collected throughout Serbia from 2015 to 2020 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, capsular typing, and hvgA detection. Overall, 877/5621 (15.6%) pregnant women were colonised with GBS. Invasive GBS infections incidence in infants (0.18/1000 live births) showed a decreasing trend (0.3 to 0.1/1000 live births). Type III was overrepresented in infants with invasive infections (n = 35, 58.3%), whereas type V predominated among colonised adults (n = 224, 25.5%) and those with noninvasive (n = 37, 32.5%) and invasive infections (n = 8, 40%). The hypervirulent clone III/ST17 was highly associated with invasive infections (n = 28, 35%), particularly late-onset disease (n = 9, 47.4%), showing an increase from 12.3 to 14.8%. The GBS resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was 26.7% and 22.1%, respectively, with an upward trend. The emergence of the hypervirulent clone III/ST17 and the escalation in GBS resistance highlight an urgent need for continuous monitoring of GBS infections.

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