scholarly journals Realizing the problem wasn’t necessarily me": The meaning of childhood adversity and resilience in the lives of autistic adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle A. Heselton ◽  
Gwen R. Rempel ◽  
David B Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Online Chat ◽  
Ample Evidence

Interview Data<p>There is ample evidence that childhood adversity correlates negatively with physical and mental health outcomes across the lifespan. Resilience results when internal and external protective factors in childhood mitigate the effects of adversity and mental and physical health outcomes are improved. However, the phenomena of childhood adversity and resilience among autistic children are understudied and not well understood. In this study, we engaged members of the autism community to advise on the research question, research design, and analysis. Following the engagement phase, three autistic young women and one nonbinary young adult, aged 19-27, participated in semi-structured interviews via phone, video conference, and online chat;. credibility checking interviews followed data analysis. Through interpretative phenomenological analysis we identified themes related to negative effects of adversity, including <i>social disconnection</i>, <i>mental and emotional well-being</i>, <i>sense of self</i>, and <i>development into young adulthood</i>. Resilience was developed in <i>places of refuge</i> and <i>identity</i>, and was evident in their <i>transitions into young adulthood</i>. These findings provide direction for fostering resilience in children and adolescents on the autism spectrum and planning and implementing mental health supports to autistic individuals across the lifespan. </p>

scholarly journals Realizing the problem wasn’t necessarily me": The meaning of childhood adversity and resilience in the lives of autistic adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle A. Heselton ◽  
Gwen R. Rempel ◽  
David B Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Online Chat ◽  
Ample Evidence

Interview Data<p>There is ample evidence that childhood adversity correlates negatively with physical and mental health outcomes across the lifespan. Resilience results when internal and external protective factors in childhood mitigate the effects of adversity and mental and physical health outcomes are improved. However, the phenomena of childhood adversity and resilience among autistic children are understudied and not well understood. In this study, we engaged members of the autism community to advise on the research question, research design, and analysis. Following the engagement phase, three autistic young women and one nonbinary young adult, aged 19-27, participated in semi-structured interviews via phone, video conference, and online chat;. credibility checking interviews followed data analysis. Through interpretative phenomenological analysis we identified themes related to negative effects of adversity, including <i>social disconnection</i>, <i>mental and emotional well-being</i>, <i>sense of self</i>, and <i>development into young adulthood</i>. Resilience was developed in <i>places of refuge</i> and <i>identity</i>, and was evident in their <i>transitions into young adulthood</i>. These findings provide direction for fostering resilience in children and adolescents on the autism spectrum and planning and implementing mental health supports to autistic individuals across the lifespan. </p>

scholarly journals Realizing the problem wasn’t necessarily me": An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the meaning of childhood adversity and resilience in the lives of autistic adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Heselton ◽  
Gwen R. Rempel ◽  
David B Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Online Chat ◽  
Ample Evidence

Interview Data<p>There is ample evidence that childhood adversity correlates negatively with physical and mental health outcomes across the lifespan. Resilience results when internal and external protective factors in childhood mitigate the effects of adversity and mental and physical health outcomes are improved. However, the phenomena of childhood adversity and resilience among autistic children are understudied and not well understood. In this study, we engaged members of the autism community to advise on the research question, research design, and analysis. Following the engagement phase, three autistic young women and one nonbinary young adult, aged 19-27, participated in semi-structured interviews via phone, video conference, and online chat;. credibility checking interviews followed data analysis. Through interpretative phenomenological analysis we identified themes related to negative effects of adversity, including <i>social disconnection</i>, <i>mental and emotional well-being</i>, <i>sense of self</i>, and <i>development into young adulthood</i>. Resilience was developed in <i>places of refuge</i> and <i>identity</i>, and was evident in their <i>transitions into young adulthood</i>. These findings provide direction for fostering resilience in children and adolescents on the autism spectrum and planning and implementing mental health supports to autistic individuals across the lifespan. </p>

scholarly journals Realizing the problem wasn’t necessarily me": An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the meaning of childhood adversity and resilience in the lives of autistic adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Heselton ◽  
Gwen R. Rempel ◽  
David B Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Online Chat ◽  
Ample Evidence

Interview Data<p>There is ample evidence that childhood adversity correlates negatively with physical and mental health outcomes across the lifespan. Resilience results when internal and external protective factors in childhood mitigate the effects of adversity and mental and physical health outcomes are improved. However, the phenomena of childhood adversity and resilience among autistic children are understudied and not well understood. In this study, we engaged members of the autism community to advise on the research question, research design, and analysis. Following the engagement phase, three autistic young women and one nonbinary young adult, aged 19-27, participated in semi-structured interviews via phone, video conference, and online chat;. credibility checking interviews followed data analysis. Through interpretative phenomenological analysis we identified themes related to negative effects of adversity, including <i>social disconnection</i>, <i>mental and emotional well-being</i>, <i>sense of self</i>, and <i>development into young adulthood</i>. Resilience was developed in <i>places of refuge</i> and <i>identity</i>, and was evident in their <i>transitions into young adulthood</i>. These findings provide direction for fostering resilience in children and adolescents on the autism spectrum and planning and implementing mental health supports to autistic individuals across the lifespan. </p>

scholarly journals The Association of Hearing Impairment and Its Severity with Physical and Mental Health among Chinese Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Ye ◽  
Dawei Zhu ◽  
Siyuan Chen ◽  
Ping He
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background: Hearing is one of the basic means of perception and communication, which is closely related with quality of life. However, current studies on hearing impairment and multiple health outcomes are quite limited and most of them are conducted in developed countries. Therefore, we aimed to explore the association between hearing impairment and its severity with physical and mental health among Chinese adults, and to gain further insight into hearing and health researches. Methods: We obtained data from two sources: (1) China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011, 2013, and 2015, including nationally representative 24,689 adults. Hearing impairment was measured by asking whether they had hearing problems; and (2) Hearing Survey 2019, collected by a survey conducted in Shandong Province of China, including 430 participants. The severity of hearing impairment was identified by pure tone average of hearing thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz.Results: In CHARLS Baseline 2011, 1569 (8.93%) participants suffer from hearing impairment. Hearing-impaired individuals are more likely to have chronic diseases, impaired ADLs, impaired IADLs and depressive symptoms. For 430 hearing-impaired participants in Hearing Survey 2019, 28.60%, 36.52% and 34.88% of them have moderate, severe and profound hearing impairment, respectively. As the severity of hearing impairment increases, individuals are more likely to have impaired ADLs, impaired IADLs and depressive symptoms.Conclusions: Hearing impairment and its severity are closely related to multiple physical and mental health outcomes among Chinese adults. Actions should be taken to prevent and treat hearing impairment, so as to improve people’s health and well-being.

scholarly journals Evidence on the contribution of community gardens to promote physical and mental health and well-being of non-institutionalized individuals: A systematic review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255621
Author(s):  
Tarsila Lampert ◽  
Joana Costa ◽  
Osvaldo Santos ◽  
Joana Sousa ◽  
Teresa Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Community Gardening ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Health Gains ◽  
Health And Well Being

Introduction There has been growing interest in community gardens as an effective and affordable health promotion strategy. However, most available evidence is derived from qualitative studies, whereas quantitative research on this subject is limited. Objectives To synthetize the literature about physical and mental health outcomes associated with community gardening. Two main questions were addressed: a) is there evidence, from quantitative studies, that community gardening is associated to physical and mental health and well-being of non-institutionalized individuals? b) Does community gardening provokes any discomfort in terms of physical health, i.e., bodily pain, to their beneficiaries? Methods A systematic review of the literature was carried out following PRISMA guidelines by searching relevant electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science). Empirical, quantitative studies published in English with no restrictions concerning the date of publication were considered eligible. The quality of the evidence was appraised using the tool developed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Results Overall, 8 studies were considered eligible, of which seven studies were rated as having good methodological quality (one scored as fair). Community gardeners had significantly better health outcomes than their neighbours not engaged in gardening activities in terms of life satisfaction, happiness, general health, mental health, and social cohesion. Conclusion Community gardens are associated to health gains for their users, irrespective of age, being an affordable and efficient way of promoting physical and mental health and well-being. To encourage the design, maintenance, and prospective evaluation of supportive urban environments promoting healthy and, at the same time, sustainable lifestyles, is essential to achieve public health gains and environmental sustainability.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Health Impacts of Frequent Work Discrimination and Harassment among Women Firefighters in the US Fire Service

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara A. Jahnke ◽  
Christopher K. Haddock ◽  
Nattinee Jitnarin ◽  
Christopher M. Kaipust ◽  
Brittany S. Hollerbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Women Firefighters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Intro. Both discrimination and harassment directly impact mental and physical health. Further, workplace discrimination degrades workplace culture and negatively impacts health behaviors, job-related outcomes, and family dynamics. Women represent a small proportion of the fire service and are often the targets of discrimination/harassment, yet little research documents the impact of such experiences. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between chronic work discrimination and/or harassment and women firefighters’ (FFs) physical and mental health, substance abuse, and job efficacy, stress, and satisfaction. Methods. Snowball sampling was used to solicit participation from women career FFs. Participants completed an online survey regarding physical and mental health, health behavior, job efficacy/stress/satisfaction, and family well-being. Logistic regression examined the impact of work discrimination-harassment severity on dichotomous variables. Results. 1,773 had complete data on their experiences with work-related discrimination and harassment. Women reported experiencing verbal (37.5%) and written (12.9%) harassment, hazing (16.9%), sexual advances (37.4%), and assaults (5.1%) in the fire service. FFs in the highest tertile of work discrimination-harassment severity reported over 40% more poor health days in the last 30 days (OR=1.42; 95%CI=1.33-1.51; p<0.001). Women who experienced moderate and severe discrimination/harassment had negative mental health outcomes including higher prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms. Those who experienced high rates of discrimination and/or harassment also were more likely to report issues with alcohol consumption. Conclusion. The impact of discrimination and harassment, related negative physical and mental outcomes, low levels of job satisfaction, and negative impact of these experiences on family/home stress likely take a significant toll on women in the fire service. Findings confirm and extend previous work suggesting there is a need to improve the mental and physical health of women FFs. Future work should examine the prospective relationship between discrimination/harassment and poor health outcomes and potential policies/practices to reduce these negative behaviors.

scholarly journals Gender, Race, and Immigrant Status: Intersecting Implications for Health in Middle and Later Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
Margaret Penning ◽  
Neena Chappell ◽  
Sean Browning ◽  
Helena Kadlec
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Stress Process ◽  
Immigrant Status ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Structural Inequalities

Abstract Although the negative implications of gender, race and immigrant inequalities for health and well-being in the middle and later years of life are well-documented, there is a lack of research addressing their combined implications as well as the mechanisms linking them to various health-related outcomes. Yet, as intersectionality theory reminds us, the consequences of gender, race, immigrant and other inequalities for physical and mental health outcomes must be understood in terms of these overlapping social identities. Moreover, linking intersectionality to stress process theory provides us with an explanation of the mechanisms potentially linking intersecting structural inequalities to health outcomes. This paper draws on data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA - N=51,338) to assess the additive and interactive implications of gender, race and immigrant status for physical and mental health outcomes, together with the mediating effects of primary and secondary stressors on these outcomes. The results of a series of weighted least squares regression analyses suggest that immigrant status interacts with race and/or gender to influence health outcomes. Socioeconomic and other stressors also play a role in linking these intersecting structural inequalities to health outcomes. Overall, our findings provide initial support for the value of linking intersectionality and stress process frameworks for an understanding of the health implications of structural inequalities in middle and later life.

scholarly journals The Experiences of Older Adults with Cannabis and Mental Health: A Scoping Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 991-991
Author(s):  
Raza Mirza ◽  
Amanda Bull ◽  
Andrea Gardiola ◽  
Sabina Mirza ◽  
Mary Hynes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Main Research

Abstract Following the 2018 federal legalization of cannabis in Canada, there was a drastic increase in older adults reporting marijuana use. Most cannabis research today focuses on children and young adults, however, it is important to acknowledge the potential harms in seniors as well. Aging and substance use presents unique considerations, such as the interactions between cannabis and chronic conditions, multiple comorbidities, polypharmacy, and mental health. The goal of this scoping review was to analyze the literature that addresses mental health outcomes of seniors who use cannabis, in order to answer the main research question: What is the relationship between older adults’ use of cannabis and mental health? Following Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage framework, 10 electronic databases were searched along with a hand search of references. The search revealed 7000+ peer-reviewed and grey literature sources. 233 full-text sources were assessed for eligibility, with a total of 25 articles included. Thematic content analysis produced four major themes which addressed: (1) Usage characteristics; (2) User characteristics; (3) Outcomes; and (4) Physical and mental health considerations. Findings from this scoping review are positioned in terms of their implications for research, practice, and policy. While more in-depth, qualitative methods are required to develop further research, several harm-reduction strategies may be immediately utilized by both users and healthcare practitioners. It is critical that older adults and their physicians are able to make cannabis-related decisions with evidence-informed guidance to prevent problematic cannabis use and ensure positive mental health outcomes.

scholarly journals Association between Urban Greenspace and Health: A Systematic Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5137
Author(s):  
Vincenza Gianfredi ◽  
Maddalena Buffoli ◽  
Andrea Rebecchi ◽  
Roberto Croci ◽  
Aurea Oradini-Alacreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Urban Greenspace ◽  
Urban Greenspaces

The current review aimed to explore the association between urban greenspaces and health indicators. In particular, our aims were to analyze the association between publicly accessible urban greenspaces exposure and two selected health outcomes (objectively measured physical activity (PA) and mental health outcomes (MH)). Two electronic databases—PubMed/Medline and Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE)—were searched from 1 January 2000 to 30 September 2020. Only articles in English were considered. Out of 356 retrieved articles, a total of 34 papers were included in our review. Of those, 15 assessed the association between urban greenspace and PA and 19 dealt with MH. Almost all the included studies found a positive association between urban greenspace and both PA and MH, while a few demonstrated a non-effect or a negative effect on MH outcomes. However, only guaranteeing access is not enough. Indeed, important elements are maintenance, renovation, closeness to residential areas, planning of interactive activities, and perceived security aspects. Overall, despite some methodological limitations of the included studies, the results have shown almost univocally that urban greenspaces harbour potentially beneficial effects on physical and mental health and well-being.

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