scholarly journals Social identity shapes antecedents and functional outcomes of moral emotion expression in online networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Brady ◽  
Jay Joseph Van Bavel
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Emotion Expression ◽  
Moral Emotion ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Political Messages ◽  
Online Networks ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Partisan Identification

As social interactions increasingly occur through social media platforms, intergroup affective phenomena such as “outrage firestorms” and “cancel culture” have emerged with notable consequences for society. In this research, we examine how social identity shapes the antecedents and functional outcomes of moral emotion expression online. Across four pre-registered experiments (N = 1,712), we find robust evidence that the inclusion of moral-emotional expressions in political messages has a causal influence on intentions to share the messages on social media. We find that individual differences in the strength of partisan identification is a consistent predictor of sharing messages with moral-emotional expressions, but little evidence that brief manipulations of identity salience increased sharing. Negative moral emotion expression in social media messages also causes the message author to be perceived as more strongly identified among their partisan ingroup, but less open-minded and less worthy of conversation to outgroup members. These experiments highlight the role of social identity in affective phenomena in the digital age, and showcase how moral emotion expressions in online networks can serve ingroup reputation functions while at the same time hinder discourse between political groups.

Social media news deserts: Digital inequalities and incidental news exposure on social media platforms

2021 ◽  
pp. 146144482110595
Author(s):  
Matthew Barnidge ◽  
Michael A Xenos
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Digital Inequality ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Online Networks ◽  
Midterm Elections ◽  
Incidental Exposure ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Civic Skills ◽  
New Form

Some people live in social media “news deserts,” while others are embedded in online networks that are rich in news content. These news deserts represent a new form of digital inequality—distinct from problems of access, resources, or civic skills—that could foreclose one of the ways social media are believed to contribute to informing citizens and engaging them in democratic processes: providing opportunities for incidental news exposure. This study investigates incidental exposure on social media platforms, drawing on an online survey administered just before the 2018 US Midterm Elections ( N = 1493). The study finds that even after controlling for key individual-level factors, characteristics of social media discussion networks play a role in explaining variation in incidental exposure. The results are discussed in light of prevailing theory about incidental exposure, public engagement, and digital inequalities.

scholarly journals Political Parties in Indonesia and the Internet: A comparative analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sigit Andhi Rahman ◽  
Ella S Prihatini
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Political Messages ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Website Features ◽  
Use Of Internet

<p>This is the first such study of the use of Internet by political parties in Indonesia. It also documents parties’ websites performance index and online popularity for campaigning in 2019. The purpose of this comparative study is to look at how the Internet was used by Indonesian political parties approaching the 2019 elections. Internet campaign consists of two parts: online presence through political party website, and political marketing through social media. Total of 16 parties participating the elections next year were examined for how they are utilizing official websites and social media platforms. We created an index based on list of website features (scoring system) and then classify it into 4 variables (information provision, mobilization, engagement, and technological sophistication) containing 43 features. We also visualise the descriptive statistical analysis on parties’ social media accounts using RStudio software. The study found that despite half of Indonesian national population is using the Internet, political parties were not yet achieving their maximum potential in using the digital media to disseminate political messages and propaganda. The quality of most of the websites have been subpar. In addition, the quality seems to have no relationship with the financial resources and the current parliamentary size of political parties. On average, official social media accounts run by parties has only been used in the last 3.25 years. Well-established older parties in Indonesia continue to engage with their constituents without heavily relying on social media. Yet, this situation is very likely to change in the future as parties’ elites are now beginning to look into this platform as they seek out to the millennials for electoral support.</p>

scholarly journals Estimating the effect size of moral contagion in online networks: A pre-registered replication and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Brady ◽  
Jay Joseph Van Bavel
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Information Diffusion ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Political Messages ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
Social Activists ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Over 4 billion people now use social media platforms. As our social lives become more entangled than ever before with online social networks, it is important to understand the dynamics of online information diffusion. This is particularly true for the political domain, as political elites, disinformation profiteers and social activists all utilize social media to gain influence by spreading information. Recent work found that emotional expressions related to the domain of morality (moral emotion expression) are associated with increased diffusion of political messages--a phenomenon we called ‘moral contagion’. Here, we perform a large, pre-registered direct replication (N = 849,266) of Brady et al. (2017), as well as a meta-analysis of all available data testing moral contagion (5 independent labs, 27 studies, N = 4,821,006). The estimate of moral contagion in the available population of studies is positive and significant (IRR = 1.12, 95% CI = [1.06, 1.19]), such that each message is 12% more likely to be shared for each additional moral-emotional word. The mean effect size of the large, pre-registered replication (IRR = 1.15) better estimated the effect size of the available population of studies than the original study (IRR = 1.20). These findings reinforce the importance of replication and producing a pre-registered analysis to generate accurate estimates of effect size for future studies.

Social Media, Online Brand Communities, and Customer Engagement in the Fashion Industry

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-172
Author(s):  
Guida Helal
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Customer Engagement ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Brand Communities ◽  
Fashion Brand ◽  
Online Brand Communities ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Fashion brands have shifted communication to social media as part of evolutionary modern-day marketing approaches to reaching consumers. Brands have adjusted to a vocal customer through back-and-forth interchange on social media platforms that have progressively facilitated for online brand communities. Social media brand communities serve to engage audiences in interactive settings that resonate with individual consumers across different levels. As brand awareness is augmented, brand impressions are conceived, brand-customer relationships are formed, and a sense of community is fostered around a brand, consumers exploit association to such social media brand communities in advancing social identity. The following chapter explores the impact of social media brand communities on Millennials in the fashion industry, while considering the social identity theory. The chapter focuses on theoretical and managerial implications. This chapter considers the influence social media brand communities and social identity may have on a fashion brand.

Social Identity Matters

2017 ◽  
pp. 326-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guida Helal ◽  
Wilson Ozuem
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Customer Relationships ◽  
Marketing Communications ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Fashion Apparel

Fashion brands' online presence provide a platform for customers to supplement social identity based on associations with brands, and ultimately this can shape brand perceptions among customers through promised functional and symbolic benefits. Social media has matured into the prime channel for regular interactions and the development of brand-customer relationships that enrich social identity. Drawing on social identity theory, the current chapter examines how the evolving social media platforms impact on brand perceptions in the fashion apparel and accessories industries. The chapter focuses on theoretical implications and managerial implications. The concluding section offers some significant roles that social media and social identity may play in keeping up with the design and development of marketing communications programmes.

scholarly journals Norms of online expressions of emotion: Comparing Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and WhatsApp

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1813-1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie F Waterloo ◽  
Susanne E Baumgartner ◽  
Jochen Peter ◽  
Patti M Valkenburg
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Emotion Expression ◽  
Discrete Emotions ◽  
Injunctive Norms ◽  
Social Media Platforms

The main aim of this study was to examine the norms of expressing emotions on social media. Specifically, the perceived appropriateness (i.e. injunctive norms) of expressing six discrete emotions (i.e. sadness, anger, disappointment, worry, joy, and pride) was investigated across four different social media platforms. Drawing on data collected in March 2016 among 1201 young Dutch users (15–25 years), we found that positive expressions were generally perceived as more appropriate than negative expressions across all platforms. In line with the objective of the study, some platform differences were found. The expression of negative emotions was rated as most appropriate for WhatsApp, followed by Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. For positive emotion expression, perceived appropriateness was highest for WhatsApp, followed by Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter. Additionally, some gender differences were found, while age showed little variations. Overall, the results contribute to a more informed understanding of emotion expression online.

scholarly journals A Semiotic Translation of Memes: Trump’s Visit to Saudi Arabia as a Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Anjad A. Mahasneh ◽  
Hana Bashayreh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Political Messages ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Social Media Platforms

This study examines the semiotic translation of memes and their emergence as a new genre of items or entertainment that is becoming rapidly publicized across various social media platforms, such as Facebook and Instagram, among others. The researchers used Saussure's signifier for the translation of the semiotic relationship between images, text and meanings in the examination of six randomly selected internet memes about Donald Trump's visit to Saudi Arabia in 2017. The study results revealed that internet memes do not only transmit a variety of meanings but also convey expressive social and political messages. In addition, the study found that memes deliver entertainment and drive social media users to express common reactions. It was also found that memes affect the language, thoughts, and cultural concepts of any given nation.   Received: 30 March 2021 / Accepted: 28 June 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021

scholarly journals A social identity perspective on the effect of social information on online video enjoyment

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Marthe Möller ◽  
Rinaldo Kühne ◽  
Susanne E. Baumgartner ◽  
Jochen Peter
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Online Video ◽  
User Comments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Group Members

To date, videos are often presented on social media platforms where they are accompanied by social information in the form of user comments. Research suggests that this social information can alter viewers’ video enjoyment. The present study aimed to learn more about two factors that may enhance this effect by conducting a 2x2 between-subjects experiment with a control group (N = 290, Mage = 20.82, SDage = 2.49) in the Netherlands. First, we investigated the role that the source of social information (i.e., in-group vs. out-group) plays in the effect of social information. Second, we explored how writing a comment while watching a video (i.e., commenting vs. no commenting) may alter the effect of the source of social information. Results indicated that social information created by in-group members is more influential than social information created by out-group members. However, writing a comment did not increase viewers’ susceptibility to the effects of social information. These results are discussed in light of the social identity framework, leading to new insights into what may bolster the effect of social information on video enjoyment when individuals watch videos presented on social media.

scholarly journals Following Politicians on Social Media: Effects for Political Information, Peer Communication, and Youth Engagement

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Marquart ◽  
Jakob Ohme ◽  
Judith Möller
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Political Information ◽  
Youth Engagement ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Online Networks ◽  
Political News ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Young citizens increasingly turn to social media platforms for political information. These platforms enable direct communication between politicians and citizens, circumventing the influence of traditional news outlets. We still know little about the consequences of direct contact with politicians on such platforms for citizens’ political participation. Here, we argue that the interplay of different actors in the political news diet of citizens should be investigated from a networked communication perspective. Relying on a cross-sectional survey of young Danes (15–25 years old, <em>n</em> = 567), we investigate the relationship between following politicians on social media and: (a) the composition of young citizens’ political media diet; and (b) their civic messaging and campaign participation. Following political actors on social media relates to increased campaign engagement and can be a catalyst for young people’s exposure to campaign news, but their friends and followers function as the main node of their political online networks. We document a process of the de-mediation of politics on social media: Established news media lose influence as primary information sources for young citizens. We discuss these results in the context of users’ active curation and passive selection of their political social media diet.

Social Identity Matters

2020 ◽  
pp. 846-881
Author(s):  
Guida Helal ◽  
Wilson Ozuem
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Customer Relationships ◽  
Marketing Communications ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Fashion Apparel

Fashion brands' online presence provide a platform for customers to supplement social identity based on associations with brands, and ultimately this can shape brand perceptions among customers through promised functional and symbolic benefits. Social media has matured into the prime channel for regular interactions and the development of brand-customer relationships that enrich social identity. Drawing on social identity theory, the current chapter examines how the evolving social media platforms impact on brand perceptions in the fashion apparel and accessories industries. The chapter focuses on theoretical implications and managerial implications. The concluding section offers some significant roles that social media and social identity may play in keeping up with the design and development of marketing communications programmes.

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