scholarly journals Assessing Processes of Change in Psychological Interventions: The Process-Based Assessment Tool (PBAT)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Ciarrochi ◽  
Steven C. Hayes ◽  
Stefan G. Hofmann

The “protocols for syndromes” approach to evidence-based psychological intervention has failed the test of scientific progressivity. Process-based therapy provides an alternative model that is focused on treatment elements that target biopsychosocial processes of relevance to individual treatment goals. That shift in focus requires new, more integrative and idionomic models that identify key processes of change, using high temporal density measurement applied at the level of the person. Standard measurement validation approaches are inadequate to this challenge. The present study develops and provides a preliminary validation of a process-based assessment tool (PBAT) -- an item pool meant for intensive longitudinal clinical assessment. Developed using the Extended-Evolutionary Meta-Model of PBT and evaluated using an evolutionary algorithm appropriate for the evaluation of individual items, we administered the PBAT online to a representative sample of 598 participants (290 male; 302 female; 6 unidentified. Mage = 32.6). Analyses revealed that the PBAT distinguishes between positive and negative processes, links in theoretically coherent ways to need satisfaction and thwarting, and links to clinically relevant outcomes of sadness, anger, anxiety, stress, lack of social support, vitality, and health. The PBAT provides a beginning step towards developing a process-based tool that allows clinicians and researchers to select individual items or sets of items for individual-focused idionomic research and practice.

Head & Neck ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Yang ◽  
Érika Mercier ◽  
Louis Guertin ◽  
Eric Bissada ◽  
Apostolos Christopoulos ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menghua She ◽  
Yaling Li ◽  
Dongbo Tu ◽  
Yan Cai

Abstract Background: As more and more people suffer from sleep disorders, developing an efficient, cheap and accurate assessment tool for screening sleep disorders is becoming more urgent. This study developed a computerized adaptive testing for sleep disorders (CAT-SD). Methods: A large sample of 1,304 participants was recruited to construct the item pool of CAT-SD and to investigate the psychometric characteristics of CAT-SD. More specifically, firstly the analyses of unidimensionality, model fit, item fit, item discrimination parameter and differential item functioning (DIF) were conducted to construct a final item pool which meets the requirements of item response theory (IRT) measurement. In addition, a simulated CAT study with real response data of participants was performed to investigate the psychometric characteristics of CAT-SD, including reliability, validity and predictive utility (sensitivity and specificity). Results: The final unidimensional item bank of the CAT-SD not only had good item fit, high discrimination and no DIF; Moreover, it had acceptable reliability, validity and predictive utility. Conclusions: The CAT-SD could be used as an effective and accurate assessment tool for measuring individuals' severity of the sleep disorders and offers a bran-new perspective for screening of sleep disorders with psychological scales.


2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 260-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nananda F. Col ◽  
Andrew J. Solomon ◽  
Vicky Springmann ◽  
Carolina Ionete ◽  
Enrique Alvarez ◽  
...  

AbstractBackground:We developed a preference assessment tool to help assess patient goals, values, and preferences for multiple sclerosis (MS) management. All preference items in the tool were generated by people with MS. The aim of this study was to evaluate this tool in a national sample of people with MS.Methods:English-speaking patients with MS aged 21 to 75 years with access to the internet were recruited. Participants completed the preference tool online, which included separate modules assessing three core preference areas: treatment goals, preferences for attributes of disease-modifying therapies, and factors influencing a change in treatment. The tool generated a summary of participants' treatment goals and preferences. Immediately after viewing the summary, participants were asked to evaluate the tool. Rankings of preference domains were compared with rankings obtained in another study.Results:In 135 people with MS who completed the tool and evaluation, the highest ranked goal was brain health (memory, thinking, brain), followed by disability concerns (walking, strength, vision). Rankings were highly similar to those in the referent study. Nearly all participants reported that the tool helped them understand their goals and priorities regarding MS and that the summary appropriately reflected what is important to them. Most participants (87%) wanted to discuss their treatment goals and priorities with their clinician.Conclusions:This preference assessment tool successfully captured patients' goals, values, and preferences for MS treatment and could potentially be used to help patients communicate their preferences to their clinician.


Author(s):  
Rachel Buckingham

♦ Evaluation of the upper limb must assess all aspects of sensation, motor control, and function. Will the hand be used for bimanual activities?♦ Individual treatment goals must be established♦ Non-operative treatment may encourage use and awareness of the more affected limb♦ Many muscles cross two joints and therefore the limb must be considered as a whole and not as a series of isolated joints.


Author(s):  
John Unsworth ◽  
Andrew Melling ◽  
Jaden Allan ◽  
Guy Tucker ◽  
Michael Kelleher

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. A508
Author(s):  
P. Giraldo ◽  
A. Lopez ◽  
E. Rios ◽  
I. Gonzalez-Grande ◽  
M. Roset ◽  
...  

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