scholarly journals Beyond online participant crowdsourcing: The benefits and opportunities of big team addiction science

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Rebecca Pennington ◽  
Andrew Jones ◽  
Loukia Tzavella ◽  
Christopher D Chambers ◽  
Katherine Susan Button
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Team Science ◽  
Diverse Population ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Careless Responding ◽  
Hard To Reach Populations ◽  
Scientific Questions

Participant crowdsourcing platforms (e.g., MTurk, Prolific) offer numerous advantages to addiction science, permitting access to hard-to-reach populations and enhancing the feasibility of complex experimental, longitudinal and intervention studies. Yet these are met with equal concerns about participant non-naivety, motivation, and careless responding, which if not considered can greatly compromise data quality. In this article, we discuss an alternative crowdsourcing avenue that overcomes these issues whilst presenting its own unique advantages – crowdsourcing researchers through big team science. First, we review several contemporary efforts within psychology (e.g., ManyLabs, Psychological Science Accelerator) and the benefits these would yield if they were more widely implemented in addiction science. We then outline our own consortium-based approach to empirical dissertations: a grassroots initiative that trains students in reproducible big team addiction science. In doing so, we discuss potential challenges and their remedies, as well as providing resources to help addiction researchers develop these initiatives. Through researcher crowdsourcing, together we can answer fundamental scientific questions about substance use and addiction, build a literature that is representative of a diverse population of researchers and participants, and ultimately achieve our goal of promoting better global health.

scholarly journals Substance use and the objectives of current global health frameworks: measurement matters

Addiction ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin D. Shield ◽  
Jürgen Rehm
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Global Health

scholarly journals Integrating data science into the translational science research spectrum: A substance use disorder case study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Emily Slade ◽  
Linda P. Dwoskin ◽  
Guo-Qiang Zhang ◽  
Jeffery C. Talbert ◽  
Jin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Team Science ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Preclinical Research

Abstract The availability of large healthcare datasets offers the opportunity for researchers to navigate the traditional clinical and translational science research stages in a nonlinear manner. In particular, data scientists can harness the power of large healthcare datasets to bridge from preclinical discoveries (T0) directly to assessing population-level health impact (T4). A successful bridge from T0 to T4 does not bypass the other stages entirely; rather, effective team science makes a direct progression from T0 to T4 impactful by incorporating the perspectives of researchers from every stage of the clinical and translational science research spectrum. In this exemplar, we demonstrate how effective team science overcame challenges and, ultimately, ensured success when a diverse team of researchers worked together, using healthcare big data to test population-level substance use disorder (SUD) hypotheses generated from preclinical rodent studies. This project, called Advancing Substance use disorder Knowledge using Big Data (ASK Big Data), highlights the critical roles that data science expertise and effective team science play in quickly translating preclinical research into public health impact.

Internet Recruitment of a Diverse Population of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Nurses in a Study of Substance Use and Minority Stress

2021 ◽  
pp. 104365962110420
Author(s):  
Shannon L. Avery-Desmarais ◽  
Mary K. McCurry ◽  
Kristen A. Sethares ◽  
Abigail Batchelder ◽  
Caitlin Stover
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Diverse Population ◽  
Distinct Population ◽  
Survey Incentives ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
Gift Card ◽  
Internet Recruitment

Introduction There is a lack of lesbian, bisexual and gay (LGB)-focused nursing research, in part, because the population is traditionally difficult to access. This article explores the effectiveness, benefits, and limitations of online recruitment of a distinct population of LGB-identified nurses in a study of substance use and minority stress. Methodology A sample of nurses who self-identified as LGB were recruited for an online survey using organic Facebook outreach. A $5 Amazon gift card was offered as an incentive. Facebook insights data and demographic data were analyzed. Results Within 96 hours, 394 participants had completed the 101-question online survey. The majority ( n = 269, 68.6%) reported accessing the survey through Facebook. Email ( n = 79, 20.2%) and word of mouth ( n = 44, 11.2%) also contributed to recruitment. Discussion The effectiveness of this Facebook recruitment protocol speaks to the importance of social media, survey incentives, and the “power of visibility” in recruitment of this population.

Toward Common Cause: Music, Team Science, and Global Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa A. Allison ◽  
Daniel B. Reed ◽  
Judah M. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Team Science ◽  
Common Cause

scholarly journals Community-based psychosocial substance use disorder interventions in low-and-middle-income countries: a narrative literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Manuel Heijdra Suasnabar ◽  
Bethany Hipple Walters
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Health Priorities ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background Mental health and substance use disorders (SUDs) are the world’s leading cause of years lived with disability; in low-and-middle income countries (LIMCs), the treatment gap for SUDs is at least 75%. LMICs face significant structural, resource, political, and sociocultural barriers to scale-up SUD services in community settings. Aim This article aims to identify and describe the different types and characteristics of psychosocial community-based SUD interventions in LMICs, and describe what context-specific factors (policy, resource, sociocultural) may influence such interventions in their design, implementation, and/or outcomes. Methods A narrative literature review was conducted to identify and discuss community-based SUD intervention studies from LMICs. Articles were identified via a search for abstracts on the MEDLINE, Academic Search Complete, and PsycINFO databases. A preliminary synthesis of findings was developed, which included a description of the study characteristics (such as setting, intervention, population, target SUD, etc.); thereafter, a thematic analysis was conducted to describe the themes related to the aims of this review. Results Fifteen intervention studies were included out of 908 abstracts screened. The characteristics of the included interventions varied considerably. Most of the psychosocial interventions were brief interventions. Approximately two thirds of the interventions were delivered by trained lay healthcare workers. Nearly half of the interventions targeted SUDs in addition to other health priorities (HIV, tuberculosis, intimate partner violence). All of the interventions were implemented in middle income countries (i.e. none in low-income countries). The political, resource, and/or sociocultural factors that influenced the interventions are discussed, although findings were significantly limited across studies. Conclusion Despite this review’s limitations, its findings present relevant considerations for future SUD intervention developers, researchers, and decision-makers with regards to planning, implementing and adapting community-based SUD interventions.

scholarly journals Novel Insight into the Mechanisms of the Bidirectional Relationship between Diabetes and Periodontitis

Biomedicines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Federica Barutta ◽  
Stefania Bellini ◽  
Marilena Durazzo ◽  
Gabriella Gruden
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Mechanistic Insight ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Periodontitis and diabetes are two major global health problems despite their prevalence being significantly underreported and underestimated. Both epidemiological and intervention studies show a bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes. The hypothesis of a potential causal link between the two diseases is corroborated by recent studies in experimental animals that identified mechanisms whereby periodontitis and diabetes can adversely affect each other. Herein, we will review clinical data on the existence of a two-way relationship between periodontitis and diabetes and discuss possible mechanistic interactions in both directions, focusing in particular on new data highlighting the importance of the host response. Moreover, we will address the hypothesis that trained immunity may represent the unifying mechanism explaining the intertwined association between diabetes and periodontitis. Achieving a better mechanistic insight on clustering of infectious, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases may provide new therapeutic options to reduce the risk of diabetes and diabetes-associated comorbidities.

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