Neuropsychological profiles on the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV) of individuals attending a long-term residential rehabilitation program for substance use problems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Airlie Sullivan ◽  
Lauren Ann Monds ◽  
Warren Logge ◽  
Tristan Hurzeler ◽  
Kirsten Morley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Verbal Comprehension ◽  
Residential Rehabilitation ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
Comorbid Mental Disorders

Background We aimed to examine the neuropsychological profiles on the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV) of individuals attending a drug and alcohol rehabilitation program and determine the relationship between the multiple domains of cognitive functioning, comorbid mental disorders and treatment completion.Methods One hundred and ninety-six (N = 196) individuals from the Odyssey House Residential Rehabilitation Program, NSW, Australia between 2010-2016 were administered a structured interview including mental and substance use disorders and the Verbal Comprehension (VCI), Perceptual Reasoning (PRI), Working Memory (WMI), and Processing Speed (PSI) domains of the WAIS-IV. Results Verbal Comprehension, Working Memory, and Processing Speed was below the mean relative to normative data derived from the standardisation of the WAIS-IV. Individuals with comorbid mental disorders also displayed significantly lower Verbal Comprehension relative to those without comorbid mental disorders (F = 4.56, p < 0.05). Comorbid psychotic disorders were particularly associated with poor Verbal Comprehension (p < 0.01). Treatment completion was significantly predicted by Verbal Comprehension (p < 0.05).Conclusions Verbal comprehension may be underlying poor treatment completion in drug and alcohol treatment rehabilitation settings. We also highlight an additional relationship between presence of comorbid psychotic disorders and poor verbal comprehension that may be of relevance in planning intervention programs during rehabilitation.

A-153 Neuropsychological Effects Assessed Using WISC-IV and WISC-V

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1207-1207
Author(s):  
Saba Verani ◽  
Charles Golden
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Verbal Comprehension ◽  
Neuropsychological Effects ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Verbal Comprehension Index ◽  
Neurological Conditions ◽  
Medical Histories

Abstract Objective This review explores The Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) and the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fifth Edition (WISC-V) administered to children with various medical histories including traumatic brain injury, vascular conditions, brain tumor, epilepsy, strokes, sickle cell disease, down syndrome, and neurotoxicity on neurodevelopment. This review aims to explore neuropsychological effects of these medical conditions derived from final scores and scale comparisons. Data Selection Peer-reviewed studies between 2000 and 2020 were gathered from EBSCO, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Criteria was limited to neurological conditions present in children, who were required to be assessed using either WISC-IV or WISC-V. Children with other developmental or learning disabilities were excluded. Data on Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) were excluded along with any other assessment administered to children. Thirteen articles were included based on the criteria along with two articles that discuss the validity of WISC. Data Synthesis The components of the WISC-IV or WISC-V demonstrated low average or below average scores on many scales, especially overall FSIQ. The largest impairments were present in Processing Speed Index, Verbal Comprehension Index, Working Memory Index, Visual Spatial Index, and overall FSIQ. All children assessed with preexisting neurological conditions demonstrated deficits in neuropsychological domains. The severity of the neurological condition significantly impacted scores when compared to children with no conditions. Conclusions The administration of WISC-IV and WISC-V demonstrated neuropsychological and functioning impairments in children with preexisting neurological conditions. The assessment successfully identified deficit areas and earlier testing can encourage earlier treatments.

scholarly journals A-198 Major Errors on BVRT Determine Specific Cognitive Deficit in a Veteran Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 993-993
Author(s):  
Boese A ◽  
Moses J ◽  
Vickery A ◽  
Lyu J ◽  
Maciel R
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Verbal Comprehension ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Immediate Recall ◽  
Benton Visual Retention Test ◽  
Components Analysis

Abstract Objective The goal of the study is to examine the underlying conceptual factors that account for major performance errors of the Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT) using indices of the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale, 3rd Edition (WAIS-III) as gold-standard comparison variables. Method One hundred thirty participants with mixed cognitive and psychiatric diagnoses who were referred to the neuropsychological assessment clinic at the VA Palo Alto Health Care System and completed the BVRT and WAIS-III measures were included in the analysis of the data. Factor Analysis of BVRT major memory and copy errors (rotations, distortions, and perseverations) and WAIS-III indices were conducted using SPSS 25. Results BVRT major memory and copy errors factored onto WAIS-III index variables using Principal Components Analysis with Equamax rotation yielded a four-factor model explaining 79% of total variance. Major errors on the immediate recall trial of the BVRT were found to be specifically and inversely related to performance on the WAIS-III Perceptual Organization and Processing Speed Indices. Major errors on the copy trial of the BVRT showed an inverse relationship with performance on the WAIS-III Verbal Comprehension and Working Memory Indices. Conclusions BVRT recall errors are related to failures in visual perceptual processing. Conversely, copy errors on the BVRT are potentially attributable to deficits in auditory-verbal-attentional information processing. The results of the study provide evidence for the BVRT as a viable measurement tool to determine domain-specific cognitive impairment when considering error types on recall and copy trials.

scholarly journals Prefrontal Cortex Activity during Response Selection Predicts Processing Speed Impairment in Schizophrenia

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 782-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil D. Woodward ◽  
Brittney Duffy ◽  
Haleh Karbasforoushan
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Response Selection ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractProcessing speed is the most impaired neuropsychological domain in schizophrenia and a robust predictor of functional outcome. Determining the specific cognitive operations underlying processing speed dysfunction and identifying their neural correlates may assist in developing pro-cognitive interventions. Response selection, the process of mapping stimuli onto motor responses, correlates with neuropsychological tests of processing speed and may contribute to processing speed impairment in schizophrenia. This study investigated the relationship between behavioral and neural measures of response selection, and a neuropsychological index of processing speed in schizophrenia. Twenty-six patients with schizophrenia and 21 healthy subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning during performance of two- and four-choice reaction time (RT) tasks and completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS) Processing Speed Index (PSI). Response selection, defined as RT slowing between two- and four-choice RT, was impaired in schizophrenia and correlated with psychometric processing speed. Greater activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) was observed in schizophrenia and correlated with poorer WAIS PSI scores. Deficient response selection and abnormal recruitment of the dorsolateral PFC during response selection contribute to processing speed impairment in schizophrenia. Interventions that improve response selection and normalize dorsolateral PFC function may improve processing speed in schizophrenia. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–10)

Estimating Full Scale IQ While Minimizing the Effects of Practice

Assessment ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley N. Axelrod ◽  
Brooke Brines ◽  
Lisa J. Rapport
Keyword(s):  
Factor Score ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Verbal Comprehension ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
College Undergraduate ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Repeat Assessment

The present study attempted to ascertain the best estimate of true Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) when confronted with an individual who recently had been administered the WAIS-R. Sixty-five college undergraduate participants were administered the WAIS-R twice within 14 days. WAIS-R summary scores, factor scores, and short-form estimates obtained from the second assessment were compared to FSIQ at the first evaluation. The results indicated that Verbal IQ, the Verbal Comprehension factor score, and subtracting 6 points from the current FSIQ are the least affected by repeat assessment and the most accurate estimates of FSIQ at the first evaluation. Use of these estimates of FSIQ are encouraged when evaluating an individual who has been administered the WAIS-R in the recent past.

Verbal Short-Form FSIQ Estimations for Possible Use With Individuals With Motor and Visual Impairment or in Virtual Environments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary C Merz ◽  
John W Lace ◽  
Julian Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Verbal Comprehension ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Virtual Test ◽  
The Face ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Abstract Objective Abbreviated and virtual neuropsychological assessment practices are growing in popularity and viable alternatives to traditional testing methods are needed, especially in the face of global health concerns. This study generated and examined short form (SF) full-scale IQ (FSIQ) estimations, which lend themselves to virtual test administration. Methods Archival data were procured from 318 concurrent cognitive evaluations at a university clinic. Twenty-six unique SF combinations, including dyads, triads, tetrads, and pentads, were created from Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 4th edition (WAIS-IV) subtests within verbal comprehension and working memory indices due to these tests’ ability to be administered without visual stimuli or psychomotor involvement. Results Stepwise regression analyses revealed 9 SF combinations (i.e., 1 pentad, 3 tetrads, 2 triads, and 3 dyads) that significantly accounted for unique variance in FSIQ scores and provided good accuracy estimating FSIQ. Conclusion Results suggest the potential viability of verbal WAIS-IV SF FSIQ estimations for clinical use when assessing patients with motor or visual impairments, as well as performing tele-neuropsychological services.

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