scholarly journals Forensic Linguistics function in Evidentiary and Investigative Contexts

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raed Toghuj
Keyword(s):  
Hate Speech ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Court System ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Forensic Linguistics ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
The Face

Recently, forensic linguistics has been an arena of significance in many fields of study especially in judicial systems, legal and forensic matters, investigation, and open-source intelligence across the globe. The term typically refers to legal and professional analysis of recorded or written language by experts (forensic linguists) to provide expert and correct interpretation. It is particularly used in legal matters especially in the court and criminal justice systems. In the court system, forensic linguistics is heavily applied to examine language evidence – either recorded in voice or handwritten in civil matters or crimes. The analysis or examination is carried out for two major reasons. First, the analysis is utilized when relevant investigations are carried out with a focus to help in identifying witnesses or suspects in specific cases or scenes, or the determination of the significance of writing or utterance to a case. Secondly, forensic linguistics plays a pivotal role when written or spoken language samples are presented to a court as evidence. In such contexts, forensic linguists provide expert testimonies of correct interpretation of the samples. As such, language analysis is significant in any judicial matters and systems provided the questionable language constitutes crimes. In most cases, crimes such as threats, hate speech, bribery, hate literature, coercion among others necessitate the use of a linguist expert for correct and most importantly professional interpretation. Evidently, the concept of forensic linguistics is ascribed to provide the truth from recorded speeches or voices and written languages in the face of a crime or relevant legal investigation matters. This paper will posit on the different ways and methods that forensic linguistics is applied to investigate and provide professional interpretation of recorded and written languages in evidentiary and investigative contexts.

scholarly journals Determination of the Vertical Dimension and the Position of the Occlusal Plane in a Removable Prosthesis Using Cephalometric Analysis and Golden Proportion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6948
Author(s):  
Gabriele Cervino ◽  
Sergio Sambataro ◽  
Chiara Stumpo ◽  
Salvatore Bocchieri ◽  
Fausto Murabito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Dimension ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Golden Proportion ◽  
The Face ◽  
Removable Prosthesis ◽  
Edentulous Patients

The aim of this study is to demonstrate the use and the effectiveness of cephalometry and golden proportions analysis of the face in planning prosthetic treatments in totally edentulous patients. In order to apply this method, latero-lateral and posterior-anterior X-rays must be performed in addition to the common procedure. Two main concerns for totally edentulous patients are the establishment of the vertical dimension and the new position of the occlusal plane. The divine proportion analysis was carried out by the use of a golden divider. The prosthetic protocol was divided into three steps and a case was selected for better understanding. Referring to the golden relations, if the distance from the chin to the wing of the nose is 1.0, the distance from the nose to eye is 0.618. This proportion is useful and effective in determining the correct prosthetic vertical dimension. The incisal margin of the lower incisor must be positioned between Point A (A) and protuberance menti (Pm) according to the gold ratio 0.618 of the total height A-Pm. Posteriorly the occlusal plane must be placed 2 mm below the divine occlusal plane (traced from the incisal margin of lower incisors to Xi point). A prosthesis made in accordance with cephalometric parameters and divine proportions of the face helps to improve the patient’s aesthetics, function and social personality.

scholarly journals Towards the Development of Language Analysis Tools for the Written Latgalian Language

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiga Deksne ◽  
Anna Vulāne
Keyword(s):  
Web Service ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Tool Development ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
Analysis Tools ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Development Of Language

This paper reports on the development of spell checking and morphological analysis tools for Latgalian. The Latgalian written language is a historic variant of the Latvian language. There is a wide range of language analysis tools available for Latvian, whereas the Latgalian language lacks such tools. The work is done by the joint effort of linguists who work on morphologically marked lexicon creation and IT specialists who work on language tool development. For the creation of a morphological analysis tool, we reuse the FST technology used for the Latvian morphological analyzer. We create a spelling dictionary that can be used with the Hunspell engine. All tools are accessible via Web Service. For now, the Latgalian lexicon contains 13,139 lemmas marked by 105 inflection groups. The work of lexicon replenishment still continues.

scholarly journals Kemampuan Lulusan Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Ampta Dalam Menghadapi Persaingan Di Dunia Kerja

Media Wisata ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Larasati
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skill ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Test Results ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Face ◽  
Job Competition ◽  
Sampling Approach

The purpose of this research is to know wtether knowledge, skill, responsiveness and communication skill influence in job competition for graduate student from Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata AMPTA. The population in this study are student pf Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata SMPTA that graduated in 2013 until 2016, the total population in this studt is 702 and 200 respondents who have worked taken as samples, samples were taken with non probability sampling technique and accidental sampling approach. Sampling approach using regression equations obtained results that through test results F (regression analysis jointly) may note that the value of F = 147.104 count with the significance of 0.000 < 0.05. The test results of the test F reinforced with testing the determination of the coefficient that shows the value of 74.6%) (0.746. From Test t (partially) can result in variable knowledge with a value of t = 3,173 and significance of the value 0002 < 0.05, variable skill with a value of t = 2,949 and value the significance of 0.004 < 0.05, variable attitude with a value of t = 2,688 and value the significance of 0.008 < 0.05, variable communication skill with a value of t = value and significance of 4,497 0000 < 0.05. From the above results can be known that the hypothesis posed was not proven in other words that all of these variables can be said to have a positive and significant effect simultaneously as well as partial toward the ability of STP graduates AMPTA in the face of competition in the world of work

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF THE GEOMECHANICAL STATE OF SOFT ADJOINING ROCKS UNDER PROTECTIVE CONSTRUCTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Serhii Nehrii ◽  
Tetiana Nehrii ◽  
Oksana Zolotarova ◽  
Serhii Volkov
Keyword(s):  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Soft Rocks ◽  
The Face ◽  
Geomechanical State ◽  
Rock Mass Failure ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Seam Mining ◽  
Mine Roadways

The conditions of coal seam mining in the mines of Ukraine have been considered. The problem of conducting coal mining by longwalls in the conditions of soft adjoining rocks, which concerns the protection of mine roadways located near the face, has been revealed. In such conditions, the existing protective constructions are ineffective due to the fact that they yield and get pressed into the soft rocks of the footwall. This indicated the need for research into the geomechanical state of soft rocks of the footwall. According to the results of known studies on the mechanism of rock mass failure around roadways and the data of physical and mechanical properties of the coal mass, which is represented by soft rocks, the correlation dependence has been obtained, the use of which allowed for the determination of the parameters of the rock deformation diagram and the establishment of the stability criterion of footwall rocks under the protection means and stability conditions of the geotechnical system “protective construction – adjoining rocks.” They are the basis of a new approach to ensure the stability of the roadways, which are supported behind the faces, by controlling the stress state in the system “protective construction – adjoining rocks.” This may be the basis for the development of new methods of protecting roadways in conditions of soft adjoining rocks.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Hate Speech among Armenian Facebook Users

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Lilit Bekaryan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Passive Voice ◽  
Success Stories ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
Facebook Pages

Social media networking websites have become platforms where users can not only share their photos, moments of happiness, success stories and best practices, but can also voice their criticism, discontent and negative emotions. It is interesting to follow how something that starts as a mere disagreement or conflict over clashing interests or values can develop into a hateful exchange on Facebook that targets social media users based on their gender, religious belonging, ethnicity, sexual orientation, political convictions etc. The present research explores how hateful posts and comments can start among Facebook users, and studies the language means employed in their design. The factual material was retrieved from more than ten open Facebook pages managed by popular Armenian figures, such as media experts, journalists, politicians and bloggers, in the period 2018–2020. The analysis of hate speech samples extracted from these sources shows that hate speech can find its explicit and implicit reflection in the online communication of Armenian Facebook users, and can be characterised by contextual markers such as invisibility, incitement to violence, invectiveness and immediacy. The language analysis of the posts and comments comprising hate speech has helped to identify language features of hateful comments including informal tone, use of passive voice, abusive and derogatory words, rhetorical or indirectly formed questions, generalisations and labelling.

The Treatment of Hate Speech in German Constitutional Law (Part II)

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winfried Brugger
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Specific Determination ◽  
Federal Constitutional ◽  
German Constitutional Law

As pointed out by the Federal Constitutional Court, a specific determination of the appropriateness of hate speech prohibitions can be based only on the circumstances of individual cases. Some particularly prominent cases are now reviewed.

“You Can Say I Got Desensitized to It”: How Men of Color Cope with Everyday Racism in Online Gaming

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Hate Speech ◽  
Online Gaming ◽  
Peer Socialization ◽  
Men Of Color ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
The Face ◽  
Color Blind ◽  
Individual Strategies

Online trolling as a form of overt racism forces sociologists to reexamine contemporary understandings of racialization in a color-blind era. In this article, I demonstrate how men of color construct meanings about their experiences of racist hate speech, referred to as trash talk, on an online gaming platform. Analyzing semistructured interviews, I show that respondents cope with this form of racism through a process of desensitization. This strategy is mediated by respondents’ peer socialization on how to effectively manage this racism as men, and their stigmatization by others who do not view these experiences as “real” racism. Strategies to cope with racism in this domain are thus gendered in ways that encourage men of color to remain silent in the face of repeated hate speech. This study further demonstrates how individual strategies developed to navigate racism online are tied to broader, collective understandings of the meanings of race, racisms, and masculinity.

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