Serological markers of Hepatitis B virus infection among Health Care Workers in Accra, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Vivian Efua Senoo-Dogbey
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serological Markers ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers

Introduction: The prevalence of HBV among the Ghanaian population is high and also occupational exposures to blood and body fluids that could potentially result in HBV infection is also high among HCWs. However the distribution of serological markers of HBV infection among Health care workers remains largely unknown. The aim of the study was to describe the distribution of HBV serological markers among the Ghanaian HCWs. Methods: A hospital based cross sectional survey involving 363 HCWs drawn from five health institutions selected through stratified random sampling procedure was undertaken. A structured pretested questionnaire was the research instrument that was utilized to collect data from health care workers who also gave 5mls of venous blood to be evaluated qualitatively for the presence of five serological markers of HBV. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) procedure was subsequently undertaken to detect IgM HBcAb. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: The predominant HBV maker among the population was Anti-HBs; 57.4% (195/340) and the least was HBeAg; 1.5% (5/340).  One third (123/340) of the HCWs were naïve to HBV.  Lifetime exposure to HBV (Anti-HBc) prevalence was 8.2% (28/340) (95% CI= 5.0%-11).  Conclusions: Even though Anti-HBs is the predominant antibody marker identified among the population of HCWs evaluated, one third of the participants still remain susceptible to HBV infection. Protective measures need to be instituted to prevent new infections among HCWs who are currently naïve to the virus. Sanitary workers or orderlies need to be given special consideration in HBV prevention campaigns.  

scholarly journals Vaccination status and Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B surface Antigen among Health Care Workers in Taiz, Yemen Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Waheed ALI ◽  
Riyadh Abdulmajid Thabit ◽  
Mansoor Alkhulaidi ◽  
Ahmed Abdullah Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Hbv Prevalence

Background: Exposure to Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most common occupational diseases among the providers of the health care services. During the course of their clinical work; Health Care Workers (HCWs) are at risk of acquitting HBV infection or transmitting it to their patients. Vaccination for medical personnel against HBV  in Yemen Republic is recommended but not strictly enforced. Detection of the viral hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg) is one of the accurate and cheap methods to assess HBV prevalence. This method is used in this study to assess HBV prevalence among HCWs in Taiz; to in order to improve on methods of interventions to control this infection among them. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the vaccination status and the seroprevalence of HBsAg among HCWs in Taiz; Yemen republic.  Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted through the period between January and March, 2018, and from April and July, 2019, in the part of Taiz City; Yemen Republic belonging to legitimate authorities. 362 HCWs were included in this study and are selected through repeated casual visits to hospitals and medical centers. A questioner was made to get information on the participants’ characteristics and their vaccination status, medical hestory and risk factors for HBV transmission. Five ml venous blood was then collected from every participant to assess HBsAg. Results: the overall vaccination percentage was 21.54% (27.5% in male and 17.9% of female). The seroprevalence of HBsAg was 2.76%, all vaccinated participants were HBsAg negative. Needle stick and sharp object injury was an important risk factor of HBV infection.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Psychological Impact on Health Care Workers in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6076
Author(s):  
Hasan S. Alamri ◽  
Wesam F. Mousa ◽  
Abdullah Algarni ◽  
Shehata F. Megahid ◽  
Ali Al Bshabshe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Little is known about the impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) among the health care workers in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the psychological impact of COVID-19 among the health care workers. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May till mid-July among 389 health care workers from government and private hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Data was collected using a pre-structured online questionnaire that measured adverse psychological outcomes, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale. The Pearson chi-square test was used to assess the distribution of depression and anxiety among health care workers. Results: A high level of anxiety was recorded among the health care workers, and 69.3% of health care workers below the age of 40 were found to have depression. There was a significant increase in depression among staff with chronic health problems (72.1% vs. 61.9%; p = 0.048). High anxiety levels were detected among young staff compared to others (68.7% vs. 43.8%; p = 0.001). Moreover, 82.1% of the female staff were anxious, as compared to 55.6% of the males (p = 0.001). Conclusions: We found increased prevalence of adverse psychological outcomes among the health care workers in Saudi Arabia during the outbreak of COVID-19. Therefore, there is a need for proper screening and development of corresponding preventive measures to decrease the adverse psychological outcomes.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis and COVID-19 Screening at Health Facilities: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Health Care Workers in Nigeria during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Chika A. Okoro ◽  
Eridiong O. Onyenweaku ◽  
Emecheta G. Okwudire ◽  
Muriel K. Kalu ◽  
Oluremilekun C. Kusimo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers

scholarly journals Acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination among health care workers: a cross-sectional survey in Morocco

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohamed Khalis ◽  
Asmaa Hatim ◽  
Latifa Elmouden ◽  
Mory Diakite ◽  
Abdelghafour Marfak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers

scholarly journals Symptoms in Health Care Workers during the COVID-19 Epidemic. A Cross-Sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Magnavita ◽  
Giovanni Tripepi ◽  
Reparata Rosa Di Prinzio
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Care Workers

In March–April 2020, the Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic suddenly hit Italian healthcare facilities and in some of them many staff members became infected. In this work 595 health care workers from a public company were tested for Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (82 positive) and asked to complete a questionnaire on early COVID-19 symptoms. Respiratory symptoms were present in 56.1% of cases. Anosmia and dysgeusia in COVID-19 cases were found to have an odds ratio (OR) = 100.7 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 26.5–382.6) and an OR = 51.8 (95%CI 16.6–161.9), respectively. About one in three of the cases (29.3%) never manifested symptoms. Anxiety was reported by 16.6% of COVID-19 cases and depression by 20.3%, with a significant increase in the estimated risk (OR = 4.3; 95%CI = 2.4–7.4 for anxiety, OR = 3.5; 95%CI = 2.0–6.0 for depression). In cases, sleep was a significant moderating factor in the relationship between occupational stress, or organizational justice, and anxiety. The early diagnosis of COVID-19 in health care workers, must consider, in addition to respiratory disorders and fever, anosmia, dysgeusia, exhaustion, myalgias and enteric disorders. The frequency of anxiety and depression disorders in the population examined was not higher than that commonly recorded in the same company during periodic checks in the years preceding the epidemic. In COVID-19 cases there was a significant risk of anxiety, especially in those who had low sleep quality. Mental health support and improvement interventions must mainly concern workers with positive tests and should also tend to improve sleep quality.

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