scholarly journals Evaluation of Direct Chest Circumference Measurement as an Efficient Tool in the Reduction of Radiation Dose in Multi-Slice Computerized Tomography of Chest- A Suggestion for Radiographers

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Bharat Bhusan Sharma ◽  
Nitish Virmane ◽  
Navreet Boora ◽  
Mir Rizwan Aziz ◽  
Arshad Alam Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Ct Dose ◽  
Chest Examination ◽  
Ct Dose Index ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reduction Of Radiation Dose

Non-contrast computerized tomography (NCCT) is in rampant use in daily practice for the diagnosis of various chest diseases. In the era of COVID-19 pandemic, the use of chest NCCT has increased many fold. The reason was because it will resolve many issues and quick diagnosis can be made. The same was also required to see the behavior of the disease as well as in the follow-up. Basically two parameter are in use to described the amount of radiation dose received by the patient in volumetric CT. These are, one is CT Dose Index (CTDIvol) & its unit is mGy, and the second is dose length product (DLP). With normal pitch factor i.e. 1, the CTDIw is use on the description of CTDIvol. Multiplication of scan length and CTDIvol parameter is known as Dose Length Product (DLP). There was much concern about the radiation dose received by the individual. A total of twenty-six individuals were studied. The measurement of direct chest circumference before each CT chest examination and correlation of CT chest protocol parameter in combination use was an effective tool to reduce the amount of radiation dose in patients. Chest circumference values can also be correlated with body mass index (BMI) values for more accuracy in the reduction of radiation dose. Lower chest circumference patients should be irradiated with the least amount of radiation dose and so on.

Use of Multiphase CT Protocols in 18 Countries: Appropriateness and Radiation Doses

2020 ◽  
pp. 084653711988839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivam Rastogi ◽  
Ramandeep Singh ◽  
Riddhi Borse ◽  
Petra Valkovic Zujic ◽  
Doris Segota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Ct Dose ◽  
Clinical Indications ◽  
Ct Dose Index ◽  
Multiphase Ct ◽  
Routine Chest

Purpose: To assess the frequency, appropriateness, and radiation doses associated with multiphase computed tomography (CT) protocols for routine chest and abdomen–pelvis examinations in 18 countries. Materials and Methods: In collaboration with the International Atomic Energy Agency, multi-institutional data on clinical indications, number of scan phases, scan parameters, and radiation dose descriptors (CT dose–index volume; dose–length product [DLP]) were collected for routine chest (n = 1706 patients) and abdomen–pelvis (n = 426 patients) CT from 18 institutions in Asia, Africa, and Europe. Two radiologists scored the need for each phase based on clinical indications (1 = not indicated, 2 = probably indicated, 3 = indicated). We surveyed 11 institutions for their practice regarding single-phase and multiphase CT examinations. Data were analyzed with the Student t test. Results: Most institutions use multiphase protocols for routine chest (10/18 institutions) and routine abdomen–pelvis (10/11 institutions that supplied data for abdomen–pelvis) CT examinations. Most institutions (10/11) do not modify scan parameters between different scan phases. Respective total DLP for 1-, 2-, and 3-phase routine chest CT was 272, 518, and 820 mGy·cm, respectively. Corresponding values for 1- to 5-phase routine abdomen–pelvis CT were 400, 726, 1218, 1214, and 1458 mGy cm, respectively. For multiphase CT protocols, there were no differences in scan parameters and radiation doses between different phases for either chest or abdomen–pelvis CT ( P = 0.40-0.99). Multiphase CT examinations were unnecessary in 100% of routine chest CT and in 63% of routine abdomen–pelvis CT examinations. Conclusions: Multiphase scan protocols for the routine chest and abdomen–pelvis CT examinations are unnecessary, and their use increases radiation dose.

scholarly journals Whole Body Low Dose Computed Tomography Using Third-Generation Dual-Source Multidetector With Spectral Shaping: Protocol Optimization and Literature Review

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932582097313
Author(s):  
Dario Baldi ◽  
Liberatore Tramontano ◽  
Vincenzo Alfano ◽  
Bruna Punzo ◽  
Carlo Cavaliere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Osteolytic Lesions ◽  
Subjective Image Quality ◽  
Ct Dose ◽  
Dual Source ◽  
Ct Dose Index ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography

For decades, the main imaging tool for multiple myeloma (MM) patient’s management has been the conventional skeleton survey. In 2014 international myeloma working group defined the advantages of the whole-body low dose computed tomography (WBLDCT) as a gold standard, among imaging modalities, for bone disease assessment and subsequently implemented this technique in the MM diagnostic workflow. The aim of this study is to investigate, in a group of 30 patients with a new diagnosis of MM, the radiation dose (CT dose index, dose-length product, effective dose), the subjective image quality score and osseous/extra-osseous findings rate with a modified WBLDCT protocol. Spectral shaping and third-generation dual-source multidetector CT scanner was used for the assessment of osteolytic lesions due to MM, and the dose exposure was compared with the literature findings reported until 2020. Mean radiation dose parameters were reported as follows: CT dose index 0.3 ± 0.1 mGy, Dose-Length Product 52.0 ± 22.5 mGy*cm, effective dose 0.44 ± 0.19 mSv. Subjective image quality was good/excellent in all subjects. 11/30 patients showed osteolytic lesions, with a percentage of extra-osseous findings detected in 9/30 patients. Our data confirmed the advantages of WBLDCT in the diagnosis of patients with MM, reporting an effective dose for our protocol as the lowest among previous literature findings.

scholarly journals Preferred characterization of orbital infection (cellulitis) with exposure dose and relative medication

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 605
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ahmed Ali Omer
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Image Interpretation ◽  
Exposure Dose ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ct Dose ◽  
Cross Section Spectrum ◽  
Ct Dose Index ◽  
Patient Radiation Exposure

Background: A retrospective study presenting the endemic orbital infection (cellulitis) that breakout during dusty storm season; aiming to ascertain and showing the precedence of MRI for diagnosis of orbital infection rather than CT and revealing the diagnostic abilities of cross-sectional matrices spectrum.Methods: Based on retrospective collection of diagnostics (CT and MRI) information for randomly selected patients with cellulitis and the targeting the relevant data (image interpretation, exposure dose (DLP and CTDIvol), age, BMI and matrix cross-section spectrum findings).Results: The exposure dose of orbital CT exam was 59.4 (mGy) as CT dose index (CTDIvol) and 917.3 (mGy/cm) as dose length product (DLP) that increase by increment of age and BMI. The obese patients only exposed to dose exceeding the National Diagnostic Reference by 2.8%. MRI confirmed the inflammation around the optic nerve and extension to posterio-inferior portion of the globe and affecting the optic nerve with left sided proptosis (0.5cm) better than CT. The cross-sectional matrix successfully revealed that: the Lt optic nerve’s gray value (density) increases by a factor of 17.7 (a u) and enlarged by 5 pixels greater than the Rt optic nerve. Thickening, rough surface increased gray value by 30.5 (a u), muco-thickening and choncheal enlargement at the medial boarder of Lt orbit as 10.0 pixel and Lt eye ball enlarged by a factor of 10.9 pixels.Conclusions: MRI wisely diagnose orbital infection with more details and overcoming patient radiation exposure and usage of image spectrum gives detailed characterization of lesion morphology.

Comparison of Radiation Dose in CT Examinations At PIMS with European Commission Reference Doses

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-221
Author(s):  
Fawad Yasin ◽  
Anum Rasheed ◽  
Muhammad Nauman Malik ◽  
Farheen Raza ◽  
Ramish Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽  
Reference Levels ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Ct Dose

OBJECTIVE - The purpose of this study was to assess the radiation dose levels from common computed tomography (CT) examinations performed in Radiology Department of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), and evaluate these according to diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) proposed by European Commission (EC) guidelines, and thus contributing towards the establishment of local and national DRLs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind to explore radiation doses from CT examinations in Pakistan. STUDY DESIGN - This was a quantitative study conducted at PIMS, Islamabad, spanning a duration of eight weeks. Scan parameters and dose profile data of 1506 adults undergoing examinations of head, neck, chest and abdomen-pelvis regions, comprising of single- and multi-phase, contrast-enhanced and unenhanced studies. Dose indicators utilized by EC guidelines for DRLs include volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and Dose Length Product (DLP) for single slice and complete examination radiation doses, respectively. METHOD - Values of CTDIvol, DLP and scan lengths were extracted from the CT operators console. Other control variables included gender, contrast enhancement and phasicity of study. IBM SPSS package was used to obtain descriptive statistics such as mean and quartiles. RESULTS - DRLs calculated as 75th percentile of CTDIvol, DLP for various anatomical regions are by and far comparable to European DRLs. CONCLUSION – This study describes institutional diagnostic reference levels for common CT exams in Islamabad and provides benchmark values for future reference. Our DRL values are mostly comparable to European and international DRLs. Similar, albeit large scale, surveys are recommended for establishment of local and national DRLs, eventually contributing towards development of regional DRLs. KEYWORDS: CTDIvol, DLP, Diagnostic Reference Levels, Computed Tomography, Radiation Monitoring, Scan length

scholarly journals Establishment of diagnostic reference levels arising from common CT examinations in Semnan County, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryoush Khoramian ◽  
Soroush Sistani ◽  
Peyman Hejazi
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Ct Dose ◽  
Patient Doses ◽  
Ct Dose Index ◽  
Ct Scanners ◽  
Dose Levels

Abstract Objective: The literature has approved that the use of the concept of diagnostic reference level (DRL) as a part of an optimization process could help to reduce patient doses in diagnostic radiology comprising the Computed Tomography (CT) examinations. There are four public/governmental CT centers in the province (Semnan, Iran) and, to our knowledge, after about 12 years since the launch of the first CT scanner in the province there is no dosimetry information on those CT scanners. The aim of this study was to evaluate CT dose indices with the aim of the establishment of the DRL for head, chest, cervical spine, and abdomen-pelvis examinations. Methods: Scan parameters of 381 patients were collected during two months from 4 CT scanners. The CT dose index (CTDI) was measured using a calibrated ionization chamber on two cylindrical poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantoms. For each sequences, weighted CTDI (CTDIw), volumetric CTDI (CTDIv) and dose length product (DLP) were calculated. The 75th percentile was proposed as the criterion for DRL values. Results: Proposed DRL (CTDIw, CTDIv, DLP) for the head, chest, cervical spine, and abdomen-pelvis were (46.1 mGy, 46.1 mGy, 723 mGy × cm), (13.8 mGy, 12.0 mGy, 377 mGy × cm), (40.0 mGy, 40.0 mGy, 572 mGy × cm) and (14.9 mGy, 12.1 mGy, 524 mGy × cm), respectively. Conclusion: Comparison with the others results from the other countries indicates that the head, chest and abdomen-pelvis scans in our region are lower or in the range of the other studies investigated in terms of dose. In the case of cervical spine scanning it’s necessary to review and regulate scan protocols to reach acceptable dose levels.

Thoracic-abdominal imaging with a novel dual-layer spectral detector CT: intra-individual comparison of image quality and radiation dose with 128-row single-energy acquisition

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 1458-1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Haneder ◽  
Florian Siedek ◽  
Jonas Doerner ◽  
Gregor Pahn ◽  
Nils Grosse Hokamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Ct Image ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Portal Venous Phase ◽  
Ct Dose ◽  
Automatic Tube Current Modulation ◽  
Lower Radiation Dose

Background A novel, multi-energy, dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography (SDCT) is commercially available now with the vendor’s claim that it yields the same or better quality of polychromatic, conventional CT images like modern single-energy CT scanners without any radiation dose penalty. Purpose To intra-individually compare the quality of conventional polychromatic CT images acquired with a dual-layer spectral detector (SDCT) and the latest generation 128-row single-energy-detector (CT128) from the same manufacturer. Material and Methods Fifty patients underwent portal-venous phase, thoracic-abdominal CT scans with the SDCT and prior CT128 imaging. The SDCT scanning protocol was adapted to yield a similar estimated dose length product (DLP) as the CT128. Patient dose optimization by automatic tube current modulation and CT image reconstruction with a state-of-the-art iterative algorithm were identical on both scanners. CT image contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was compared between the SDCT and CT128 in different anatomic structures. Image quality and noise were assessed independently by two readers with 5-point-Likert-scales. Volume CT dose index (CTDIvol), and DLP were recorded and normalized to 68 cm acquisition length (DLP68). Results The SDCT yielded higher mean CNR values of 30.0% ± 2.0% (26.4–32.5%) in all anatomic structures ( P < 0.001) and excellent scores for qualitative parameters surpassing the CT128 (all P < 0.0001) with substantial inter-rater agreement (κ ≥ 0.801). Despite adapted scan protocols the SDCT yielded lower values for CTDIvol (–10.1 ± 12.8%), DLP (−13.1 ± 13.9%), and DLP68 (–15.3 ± 16.9%) than the CT128 (all P < 0.0001). Conclusion The SDCT scanner yielded better CT image quality compared to the CT128 and lower radiation dose parameters.

scholarly journals Chest CT Usage in Covid-19 Pneumonia: Multicenter Study on Radiation Doses and Diagnostic Quality in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Bernardo ◽  
Fatemeh Homayounieh ◽  
Maria Cristina Rodel Cuter ◽  
Luiz Mário Bellegard ◽  
Homero Medeiros Oliveira Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Motion ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Diagnostic Quality ◽  
Ct Dose ◽  
Entire Lung ◽  
Information Number ◽  
Ct Dose Index ◽  
Volume Ct

Abstract We assessed variations in chest CT usage, radiation dose and image quality in COVID-19 pneumonia. Our study included all chest CT exams performed in 533 patients from 6 healthcare sites from Brazil. We recorded patients’ age, gender and body weight and the information number of CT exams per patient, scan parameters and radiation doses (volume CT dose index—CTDIvol and dose length product—DLP). Six radiologists assessed all chest CT exams for the type of pulmonary findings and classified CT appearance of COVID-19 pneumonia as typical, indeterminate, atypical or negative. In addition, each CT was assessed for diagnostic quality (optimal or suboptimal) and presence of artefacts. Artefacts were frequent (367/841), often related to respiratory motion (344/367 chest CT exams with artefacts) and resulted in suboptimal evaluation in mid-to-lower lungs (176/344) or the entire lung (31/344). There were substantial differences in CT usage, patient weight, CTDIvol and DLP across the participating sites.

scholarly journals Comparison study of image quality at various radiation doses for CT venography using advanced modeled iterative reconstruction

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256564
Author(s):  
Jung Han Hwang ◽  
Jin Mo Kang ◽  
So Hyun Park ◽  
Suyoung Park ◽  
Jeong Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Iterative Reconstruction ◽  
Ct Venography ◽  
Ultralow Dose ◽  
Ct Dose ◽  
Dual Source ◽  
Ct Dose Index ◽  
Deep Vein

Objective We compared the image quality according to the radiation dose on computed tomography (CT) venography at 80 kVp using advanced modeled iterative reconstruction for deep vein thrombus and other specific clinical conditions considering standard-, low-, and ultralow-dose CT. Methods In this retrospective study, 105 consecutive CT venography examinations were included using a third-generation dual-source scanner in the dual-source mode in tubes A (reference mAs, 210 mAs at 70%) and B (reference mAs, 90 mAs at 30%) at a fixed 80 kVp. Two radiologists independently reviewed each observation of standard- (100% radiation dose), low- (70%), and ultralow-dose (30%) CT. The objective quality of large veins and subjective image quality regarding lower-extremity veins and deep vein thrombus were compared between images according to the dose. In addition, the CT dose index volumes were displayed from the images. Results From the patients, 24 presented deep vein thrombus in 69 venous segments of CT examinations. Standard-dose CT provided the lowest image noise at the inferior vena cava and femoral vein compared with low- and ultralow-dose CT (p < 0.001). There were no differences regarding subjective image quality between the images of popliteal and calf veins at the three doses (e.g., 3.8 ± 0.7, right popliteal vein, p = 0.977). The image quality of the 69 deep vein thrombus segments showed equally slightly higher scores in standard- and low-dose CT (4.0 ± 0.2) than in ultralow-dose CT (3.9 ± 0.4). The CT dose index volumes were 4.4 ± 0.6, 3.1 ± 0.4, and 1.3 ± 0.2 mGy for standard-, low-, and ultralow-dose CT, respectively. Conclusions Low- and ultralow-dose CT venography at 80 kVp using an advanced model based iterative reconstruction algorithm allows to evaluate deep vein thrombus and perform follow-up examinations while showing an acceptable image quality and reducing the radiation dose.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document