scholarly journals Rekonstruksi Kebijakan Tanah Eks Kerajaan Di Indonesia Berbasis Nilai Keadilan Sosial (Studi Kasus Tanah Eks Kerajaan Di Bali)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-207
Author(s):  
Iga Gangga Santi Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Land Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The People ◽  
Private Rights ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Land Policies ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract: The phenomenon of substantive injustice related to the kingdom land policy of in the Dictum IV letter A of the UUPA which states that “The rights and authorities of the land and water of the Swapraja or former Swapraja (kingdom) which still exist at the time of entry into force of this law are removed and transferred to the State”, is an injustice felt by former kingdom, considering that land rights are private rights that cannot be taken arbitrarily. This happened also because there was no proper compensation for the loss of the rights of their comfort in life due to arbitrary land acquisition by the state. Land Office must be a progressiveminded office which is able to interpret which laws need to be applied to realize substantial justice and which laws already contain justice. The ideal new construction of the concept of justice in former kingdom land policies based on progressive law is nothing but to realize substantial justice. The whole process of the operation of the legal implementation instrument (Land Office) must be verifiable into the factors of justice, welfare, concern for the people and others, all of which has been contained in the values   of Pancasila. Intisari: Fenomena ketidakadilan substantif terkait kebijakan tanah eks kerajaan dalam Diktum IV huruf A UUPA bahwa “Hak-hak dan wewenang-wewenang atas bumi dan air dari Swapraja atau bekas Swapraja (kerajaan) yang masih ada pada waktu mulai berlakunya undang-undang ini hapus dan beralih kepada Negara”, merupakan ketidakadilan yang dirasakan oleh pihak eks kerajaan mengingat hak atas tanah adalah hak pribadi yang tidak boleh diambil sewenang-wenang. Hal ini terjadi juga karena tidak diberikannya ganti rugi yang layak atas kehilangan hak-hak kenyamanan kehidupan mereka akibat pengambilalihan tanah secara sewenang-wenang oleh negara.  Kantor Pertanahan harus berpikiran progresif yang mampu menafsirkan mana hukum yang perlu diterapkan untuk mewujudkan keadilan substansial dan mana hukum yang sebenarnya sudah mengandung keadilan. Konstruksi baru yang ideal yaitu  konsep keadilan dalam kebijakan tanah eks kerajaan berbasis hukum progresif, tidak lain adalah untuk mewujudkan keadilan substansial. Seluruh proses bekerjanya instrumen pelaksana hukum (Kantor Pertanahan) tersebut harus bisa diverifikasi ke dalam faktor-faktor keadilan, kesejahteraan, kepedulian kepada rakyat, yang kesemuanya itu telah terkandung dalam nilai-nilai Pancasila. 

scholarly journals Legal remedies for land rights affected by acquisition to the construction of permanent housing fulfilling the need for post-earthquake shelter in Palu

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e59810616552
Author(s):  
. Suwardi ◽  
Auriga Pradipta
Keyword(s):  
Land Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
The Public ◽  
Permanent Housing ◽  
Legal Remedies ◽  
The People ◽  
The Common ◽  
Housing Needs

Basically, the state has the authority to regulate the use of land rights in the territory of Indonesia. However, the problem that often occurs is the disagreement between the Land Acquisition Committee and the holders of land rights in determining the amount of compensation, resulting in problems such as what happened in Palu after the earthquake which flattened housing buildings and required a plot of land for housing construction. Therefore, the aim of this research is to explore legal efforts for land rights that are affected by the acquisition for the construction of permanent housing to meet housing needs after the earthquake in Palu. The research method that used is legal research, while the approach that used in this research is statute approach. The results of data analysis shows the legal action of land rights holders that are affected by land acquisition for the construction of permanent housing by means of certificate cancellation, the cancellation of the certificate is based on law. Land acquisition for the public interest, including the interests of the nation and the State as well as the common interest of the people, can revoke land rights by giving compensation.

Notary’s Responsibility in Making of Deed Due to Land Acquisition Containing Criminal Corruption

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Yogi Maron ◽  
Ismansyah Ismansyah ◽  
Azmi Fendri
Keyword(s):  
Legal Theory ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
District Court ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Prison Sentence ◽  
Ethics Code

<p align="center"> </p><p><em>As happened to the Notary Eli SatriaPilo, S.H, Mkn, who was appointed as the Notary who made the Deed of Relinquishment of Land Rights in the Land Acquisition activities for the Construction of Campus III of the State Islamic Institute (IAIN) of Padang which was located in Sungai Bangek District, Padang</em><em> </em><em>in 2010. The method used was descriptive, in which describing the applicable legislation associated with legal theory in the facts and realities about the Notary’s Responsibility in Making Deed of Land Acquisition for the construction of Campus III of IAIN Padang in Sungai</em><em> </em><em>Bangek. This study used a Normative Juridical approach, in which researching by using and processing secondary data or literature related to the</em><em> </em><em>study. The data collected were in the form of primary data obtained from the District Court of Padang, secondary data obtained from secondary legal materials and primary legal materials. Based on the study, it was found that the role of Notary Eli</em><em> </em><em>Satria</em><em> </em><em>Pilo, in the land acquisition of campus III IAIN was proven to have misused the authority resulting in violation of the Notary Ethics Code and was responsible for accepting termination disrespectfully. Furthermore, he was also shown to be committing a Criminal Corruption made based on the Deed of Relinquishment of Land Rights in the land acquisition for the construction of Campus III of IAIN Padang, so that the State incurred losses of Rp. 1</em><em>.</em><em>946</em><em>.</em><em>701</em><em>.</em><em>050 (one billion nine hundred forty-six million seven hundred one thousand and fifty rupiahs). And he was responsible for receiving and carrying out the sentence that had been handed down by the District Court of Padang, a prison sentence of 4 (four) years, and paying a fine of Rp. 200</em><em>.</em><em>000</em><em>.</em><em>000 (two hundred million rupiahs)</em><em>.</em></p><p> </p>

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 239-247
Author(s):  
Santana Khanikar
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
The State ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The People ◽  
Observable Behaviour ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Normative Political Theory

If the state in democracies like India engages in violence, then is this state still accepted by the people? The conception of legitimacy in this study is about observable behaviour, about if and why people accept power holders as authority, and not about whether it is the ideal way to engage with violent power holders within the discourses of normative political theory. And what we see in both the field-sites of this study, is acceptance, though it may be slow and appear flickering or contextual at time. The specific vision that the nation-state is, marked by geographical boundaries and internal sovereignty often needs to use violence to legitimize its existence. Such use of violence does not appear to be leading to a dis-illusionment with the form or the institutions of the state.

The Nexus between Sovereignty and ‘Eminent Domain’ under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, and the Land Act, 2013

Social Change ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-187
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Gogoi
Keyword(s):  
Eminent Domain ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Sovereign Power ◽  
Public Purpose ◽  
Land Acquisitions ◽  
The People ◽  
Indian State ◽  
Fair Compensation ◽  
The Right

The Indian state has used the colonial Land Acquisition Act (LAA), 1894, for acquiring land even without the consent of the people in the name of ‘public purpose’ and on payment of compensation, until it got repealed by a new act, the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisitions, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013. The LAA, 1894 is an expression of the notion of ‘eminent domain’ and draws its sustenance from the sovereignty of the state. The understanding of sovereignty and to what extent the sovereign power of the state can use the concept of ‘eminent domain’ in the context of land acquisition remains a contentious issue. This article attempts to examine the notion of sovereignty and use of ‘eminent domain’ in the context of land acquisition in India. How does the inter-relationship between sovereignty and ‘eminent domain’ be understood according to the LAA, 1894 and the Land Act, 2013 has been discussed.

Zakat management

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 498-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Yusuf Owoyemi
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The People ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
The Ideal

Purpose The purpose of this study is to look at Zakat management and the crisis of confidence in the ability of the state and zakat agencies to dispense zakat to the rightful beneficiaries as mentioned in the Quran. Confidence is a very important element between the payers and collectors of zakat and when this is lost, it affects the willingness of the payers to give zakat to the zakat collectors (state or zakat agency). This crisis of confidence led to the need to look at the legality of the payer giving zakat directly to the beneficiaries and whether this is a sin as argued in certain quarters. Design/methodology/approach Using the qualitative method by using historical, analytical and critical tools, the research examines the concept of proximity in the distribution of zakat and based on this argues that giving zakat directly to the beneficiaries is a viable option when there is a crisis of confidence between the payer and the state or zakat agency. Findings Through the analysis of the opinions of scholars, the research affirms that scholars are divided on whether to pay zakat to the state or give it directly to the beneficiaries. Based on this, the research concludes that although the ideal is to give zakat to the state or zakat agency, but there is no sin in giving zakat directly to the beneficiaries especially where there is a problem of confidence in the state and/or zakat agency. Research limitations/implications The research discussed the legality of giving zakat to the recipients of zakat directly using the historical, analytical and critical tools. This shows that the research is qualitative in nature and is library based therefore limited in scope. Basically, this research is concerned with refuting the claim that it is a sin for zakat payers to give zakat directly to the recipients especially when there is a problem of trust in zakat agencies and a crisis of confidence in the ability of these agencies to do what is right with the zakat funds. This leaves room for further research on the issue. Practical implications It is important to create confidence in zakat agencies' collection and distribution of zakat so that it will encourage more Muslims to pay their zakat and allow it to reach as many people as possible. Encouraging the creation of a vetting organization by Muslim professional accountants and others that can help in making zakat agencies transparent and trustworthy. Social implications It emphasizes the importance of trust and confidence that institutions must project for the people to do business with them. Originality/value The research contributes to the body of knowledge on zakat collection and distribution. It shows the importance of trust and confidence in zakat management and recommended ways in which trust and confidence could be built in the effective collection and distribution of zakat.

SURAT KETERANGAN TANAH: ANTARA REALITAS DAN PENGAKUAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pusat Kajian Agraria FH UBB
Keyword(s):  
Land Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Land Title ◽  
The Status ◽  
Customary Rights ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Village ◽  
As If

The title of land rights in the form of letters made by notaries or sub-district heads with a variety of forms intended to create written evidence of lands controlled by citizens. The issuance of evidence of land acquisition there is made on the land that has not been converted or the lands controlled by the State and then the land is occupied by the community either intentionally or regulated by the Village Head and authorized by the Camat, as if the land has been Is a person's right or belongs to the category of customary rights. In its development the land title is known as Land Certificate. The subdistrict certi fi cate of the land is required as a basis for the rights to the transfer of uncertified lands which are still State lands which may be diverted or disadvantaged by or in the presence of the camat commonly referred to as a waiver of compensation. The camat's certificate of land is the base of the right to be used when it will be proposed to improve the status of the land into a certificate of land right at the local Land Office

scholarly journals Islamic Utopianism and Political Reality: Ali Hasjmy Reconsidered

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Marhaban Marhaban
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
The People ◽  
Islamic Values ◽  
The Ideal

This article describes the political philosophy of Ali Hasjmy in formulating the ideal Islamic state. Hasjmy is an intellectual who has produced many works in the topics of politics, literature, and culture that are very useful for the progress and welfare of the Acehnese people and the Indonesian nation in general. The main source of this research is the work and writings of Hasjmy which are directly oriented to politics and the concept of the state. By using analytical content, this article shows several premises on Hasjmy’s utopian visions, which are; First, Muslims should not be anti-politics due to its important in achieving the benefit of the people; Second, the existence of a Islamic state as mandatory; Third, an Islamic state does not have to exist constitutionally but what must exist as Islamic values in a state; Fourth, the importance of obeying the leader; Fifth, every official or government element is responsible for exercising power.

scholarly journals KONSEP HUKUM PENGADAAN TANAH UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN JALAN TOL DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK MENGUASAI NEGARA

Yurispruden ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Diyan Isnaeni
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
The State ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
The People ◽  
Road Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Problems faced by the government in the implementation of development include the issue of providing land for development itself, including the acquisition of land for toll road construction. because state land which is directly controlled by the state is limited or can be said to be almost nothing anymore. To acquire land for toll road development by the government by freeing people's land, both controlled by customary law, and other rights attached to it. In implementing Law Number 2 of 2012 as a juridical basis, the government carrying out land acquisition for toll road construction often creates problems both juridical and empirical.The legal concept of land acquisition for toll road development in the perspective of the right to control the state, must be returned to the nature of the public interest and the nature of the state's right to control for the greatest prosperity of the people by continuing to create development based on humanitarian principles, meaning that it must continue to prioritize and pay attention to private rights which constitute constitutional rights of the people. Keywords: Land Procurement, toll road construction   ABSTRAK Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan diantaranya adalah masalah penyediaan tanah untuk pembangunan itu sendiri, termasuk pengadaan tanah untuk pembangunan jalan tol.  karena tanah negara yang dikuasai langsung oleh negara terbatas atau dapat dikatakan hampir tidak ada lagi. Untuk memperoleh tanah untuk pembangunan jalan tol oleh pemerintah dengan membebaskan tanah milik rakyat, baik yang dikuasai oleh hukum adat, maupun hak-hak lainnya yang melekat diatasnya. Dalam implementasinya Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2012 sebagai landasan yuridis pemerintah melaksanakan pengadaan tanah untuk pembangunan jalan tol  sering menimbulkan permasalahan baik secara yuridis maupun empiris.Konsep hukum pengadaan tanah untuk pembangunan jalan tol dalam perspektif hak menguasai negara, harus dikembalikan pada hakekat kepentingan umum dan hakekat hak menguasai negara yaitu untuk sebesar-besar kemakmuran rakyat dengan tetap menciptakan pembangunan yang berlandaskan asas kemanusiaan artinya harus tetap  memprioritaskan dan memperhatikan hak privat yang merupakan hak konstitusional rakyat. Kata Kunci: Pengadaan Tanah, pembangunan jalan tol

scholarly journals ‘We Owned the Land Before the State Was Established’: The State, Traditional Authorities, and Land Policy in Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-64
Author(s):  
Horman Chitonge
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Traditional Leaders ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Traditional Authorities ◽  
Customary Land ◽  
Land Policies

AbstractThis chapter looks at the land policy reform challenges in Africa, focusing on the struggle between the state and traditional leaders over the control of customary land. The governance of customary land is one of the most contentious land issues in Africa. As many African governments seek to reform land policies in order to respond to the challenges of population growth and urbanisation leading to the increasing demand for land, the proposed reforms are often challenged by traditional leaders who see the reforms as a ploy to undermine their authority over customary land. It is argued in this chapter that, while the state sometimes attempts to co-opt traditional leaders into cooperating with it, this alliance often does not hold for long, especially when traditional leaders sense that their interests are being undermined by proposed land policy reforms. Drawing from the Zambian experience, the chapter shows that although the state, as a sovereign entity, has the authority over all land under its territory, the situation is complicated by the fact that traditional leaders also assert authority over customary land. This situation sometimes leads to contestations that often frustrate the formulation and implementation of land policy reforms.

scholarly journals Akuisisi Tanah-tanah Rakyat: Problem HGU PT. BMS di Rejang Lebong dan Jalan Penyelesaiannya

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Rezky Dellah Ramadhani ◽  
M Nazir Salim
Keyword(s):  
Land Rights ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
The State ◽  
Analytic Study ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
Alternative Policy ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Plasma Core ◽  
The Right

In 1988, PT. BMS Acquired Cultivation Rights Title (CRT/HGU) for 6.925 acres in Kabupaten Rejang Lebong. The land acquisition process after CRT has been given through land relinquishment, however PT. BMS only able to relinquish people’s land for 2.046 acres. This condition caused uncertainty of land rights upon community. Later on, the condition caused overlapping of land ownership and authorization of PT. BMS CRT, ended by the reclaiming and cancellation upon the land right. Formal legal perspective and descriptive analytic study describe several issues related to the constraints of the right and status of land for the farmers. This study found some fundamental issues, first related to objects of CRT as state land. Legally, it was considered flawed because the company only released less than half of the rights, triggering reclaimings by the residents who assumed that it was their land. Therefore, the state should seek ways to strengthen the rights of peasants with the scheme of redistribution or the reinforcement of the right to avoid land right conflicts. This review offers main alternative policy solution scheme: Redistribution, the granting of a Right License, or a plasma core plantation scheme. Pada tahun 1988, PT BMS memperoleh Hak Guna Usaha seluas 6.925 Ha di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong. Proses perolehan tanah HGU-nya lewat pembebasan lahan masyarakat, namun PT BMS hanya mampu membebaskan tanah masyarakat 2.046 Ha sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian hak atas tanah masyarakat. Kondisi tersebut kemudian mengakibatkan terjadinya tumpang tindih pemilikan dan penguasaan tanah pada areal HGU PT BMS yang berakhir dengan reklaiming dan pembatalan hak atas tanah. Perspektif legal formal dan deskriptif analitis kajian ini menjelaskan beberapa hal terkait kendala kedudukan hak dan status bagi petani penggarap. Kajian ini menemukan beberapa hal mendasar, pertama terkait obyek HGU sebagai tanah negara yang cacat hukum karena perusahaan hanya membebaskan kurang dari separo hak yang diberikan, sehingga menimbulkan gelombang reklaiming oleh warga yang merasa lahan tersebut adalah miliknya. Oleh karena itu, negara semestinya berupaya memberikan penguatan hak bagi petani penggarap dengan skema redis atau penguatan hak untuk menghindari konflik ketidakpastian hak garapannya. Kajian ini menawarkan skema solusi alternatif kebijakan utamanya: Redistribusi, pemberian Surat Izin Hak Garap, atau skema perkebunan inti plasma. 

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