Znaczenie academic resilience w czasach pandemicznych. Diagnoza i możliwości wsparcia uczniów

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-117
Author(s):  
Marek Smulczyk
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Academic Resilience ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Psychological Tools ◽  
Pandemic Threat ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Education Support ◽  
Distinguished Group

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of resilience in the educational area, which is defined as an increased probability of success in school, despite experiencing adversities caused by the characteristics of the individual, his living conditions and experiences. The academic resilience construct was used, referring to the convention of the authors of the PISA/OECD study, and placed in the current context of the pandemic threat experience. In order to characterise the students belonging to the academic resilience group, two research questions were formulated: What is the scope of the phenomenon of academic resilience? and What individual and contextual factors are specific to this group of students? The analyses were performed on panel data from a nationwide project “Paths of educational development of young people – post-secondary schools”, in which a number of psychological tools and questionnaires examining the socio-educational functioning of students were used. Comparative analyses of the means for the distinguished group against the three reference groups show similarities and differences of intellectual and social functioning as well as attitudes, relationships, anti-social and anti-school behaviour, and leisure activities. The obtained picture of academic resilient students is not unequivocal, but thanks to the study it acquires a more specific character. Knowledge about these students can allow for the preparation of effective compensation measures in education, support the functioning of children from low-status families, and increase the efficiency of functioning during difficult experiences, such as the recently experienced school closures and the introduction of distance learning.

SELF-PRESERVATION OF THE PHYSICAL HEALTH OF STUDENTS IN THE VIEW OF THEIR PROFESSIONAL AND LABOR COMPETENCIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Pavlov B.S. ◽  
Sentyurina L.B. ◽  
Pronina E.I. ◽  
Pavlov D.B. ◽  
Saraikin D.A.
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Labor Potential

The state policy of health preservation of Russians and the process of introducing a healthy lifestyle into their everyday life is hampered by the lack of sufficient self-activity and purposefulness of the individual ecological and valeological behavior of representatives of various population groups. According to the authors of the article, one of the important indicators of the maturity of professional and labor competencies of school and student youth is their readiness and desire for permanent self-preserving behavior. “With numbers in hand,” the authors show the scale of deviant deviations and the phenomena of spontaneous irresponsibility in the educational and leisure activities of students, hindering the preservation and development of physical culture, the accumulation and effective use of their psychophysiological and labor potential. The conclusions of the proposal of the authors of the article are based on the results of a number of sociological surveys conducted in 2000-2020. at the Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in a number of secondary schools and universities of the Ural and Volga Federal Districts.

AESTHETIC AND ART EDUCATION AS A SOCIOCULTURAL PHENOMENON

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-17
Author(s):  
S. I. Kolbysheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Art Education ◽  
Informal Education ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human Creativity ◽  
Classical Culture ◽  
The Individual

The article analyzes the phenomenon of aesthetic and art education in the context of postnon- classical culture, which most fully reflects the peculiarities of the worldview orientations and values of a modern man, and is a kind of reference point for determining the scientific and theoretical basis for the development of this phenomenon at the present time. The article reveals the reasons for strengthening the social role of aesthetic and art education, which connects it with the values of the family, leisure activities and informal education. Aesthetic and art education is considered as a “living” organism that is in constant motion, able to respond to sociocultural changes, and in its rhizomaticity does not ignore the heterogeneity of the surrounding world; as an integral component of education in general, which is found in the community of key tasks focused on “human creativity” in the context of value and meaning categories of culture. It is justified the shift from information and knowledge pedagogy to pedagogy of meaning, actualizing the importance of processes of self-identification, harmonizing the relationship between man and the world, itself based on the parity of dialogical forms of cognition; the transfer of dynamics of artistic and creative activities to the internal world of the individual and the updating on this basis of strategies of irrational thinking. In conclusion, the author is concerned about the level of humanitarian culture in the society and studies aesthetic and art education as an effective mechanism for its development, as a general cultural value internalized by society.

Spatio-Temporal Gaussianization Flows for Extreme Event Detection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel-Ángel Fernández-Torres ◽  
J. Emmanuel Johnson ◽  
María Piles ◽  
Gustau Camps-Valls
Keyword(s):  
Event Detection ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Extreme Event ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Individual Contributions ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Anomaly Score

<p>Automatic anticipation and detection of extreme events constitute a major challenge in the current context of climate change. Machine learning approaches have excelled in detection of extremes and anomalies in Earth data cubes recently, but are typically both computationally costly and supervised, which hamper their wide adoption. We alternatively present here an unsupervised, efficient, generative approach for extreme event detection, whose performance is illustrated for drought detection in Europe during the severe Russian heat wave in 2010. The core architecture of the model is generic and could naturally be extended to the detection of other kinds of anomalies. First, it computes hierarchical appearance (spatial) and motion (temporal) representations of several informative Essential Climate Variables (ECVs), including soil moisture, land surface temperature, as well as features describing vegetation health. Then, these representations are combined using Gaussianization Flows that yield a spatio-temporal anomaly score. This allows the proposed model not only to detect droughts areas, but also to explain why they were produced, monitoring the individual contributions of each of the ECVs to the indicator at its output.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of the Leisure Activities on the Level of Psychological stress among the elderly during the Coronavirus Outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Ayed Zureigat ◽  
Osama Abdel Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: It is well known that advancing age is accompanied by many negative feelings due to the feeling of loneliness and psychological emptiness, which leads to the individual feeling that society does not need him due to his weak physical abilities and thus this, will negatively affect healthy aging. Objective: The study aimed to investigate the effect of the leisure activities on the psychological stress among the elderly during Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak. Design: To achieve this, we used the quasi-experimental approach on a sample consisting of 54, with the average age of (65.4±2.3) years. Divided into two groups 27 as a control group and 27 as the experimental group and this sample was purposively selected. Because of the home quarantine and to reduce face-to-face interaction, we used a questionnaire to measure the psychological stress level by using the Google form. The study tool consisted of 7 paragraphs associated with depression and 6 paragraphs associated with anxiety, finally 6 paragraphs associated with aggression. Before applying the experiment, the psychological stress was measured among the study sample, and then the leisure activities program was sent to the experimental group by the WhatsApp application. The researchers used means, standard deviations, paired and independent sample t-test by using SPSS version 24 with a confidence level of 95% (p<0.05). Results: The results of the study have shown that the level of the psychological stress among both groups came with a high average in the pre-measurement, as well as the anxiety domain that were the most affected in a positive way through leisure activities practicing. Additionally, there were statistically significant differences between the pre and post measurement among experiment group and favor of the post measurement. Conclusion: the leisure activities practicing among the elderly have contributed positively to reducing the level of psychological stress represented by depression, anxiety.

Analysis of Poster Designs of Turkish TV Series on Ottoman History

2021 ◽  
pp. 888-903
Author(s):  
Bahar Soğukkuyu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Visual Design ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Ottoman History ◽  
Historical Series ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual

TV series are significant media products when considered as part of audience's leisure activities at home. Marketing of leisure activities to the audience in front of the screen as an indicator of individuality is one of the basic conditions of media consumption. With the watched product, the person feels that he belongs to a community, or, on the contrary, he is unique. It is possible for the individual who watches the historical series to adopt/reflect the national and social spirit. Again, as a part of the consumer society, the displays of the spectacular elements that emphasize the individual's need to express himself/herself with commodities are quite high. In the study, the poster designs of two series that are shown in Turkey (and in various countries of the world) and reach a wide audience have been examined with both visual design elements and principles and semiotics to reveal clues about cultural memory and orientalism in terms of reflecting the Ottoman history.

Managing the Influence of Resources on Educational Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serb (Tanislav) Cristina ◽  
Delia Mioara Popescu ◽  
Elena Stoica ◽  
Laura Maria Erculescu
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
School Resources ◽  
Educational Performance ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Effective Learning Environments ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Social Act

The current context reflects education as a profound social act, through which the individual discovers his own personality, he manifests his social aspirations and ideals, tangling and determining the evolution of social events. More and more young people face major challenges in terms of skills in a permanently changing world. The skills gap is growing between developing countries and developed countries and there will be major social, economic and political repercussions. This article focuses on identifying the role that school resources has on the educational performance of pupils in the digital era. For collecting the data, a direct survey was used as a method of collecting information, based on a questionnaire of 374 pupils from high schools in Dambovita County, Romania. While the future is always uncertain, education systems should be based on the design of innovative, effective learning environments, encouraging well-organized cooperative learning where learners actively engage and develop a good understanding of their own learning practices, focusing on student motivation and differentiation according to previous knowledge.

scholarly journals Impact of Microbiota: A Paradigm for Evolving Herd Immunity against Viral Diseases

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha Shelly ◽  
Priya Gupta ◽  
Rahul Ahuja ◽  
Sudeepa Srichandan ◽  
Jairam Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Natural Immunity ◽  
Environmental Enteropathy ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Protection Efficacy ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Original Antigenic Sin

Herd immunity is the most critical and essential prophylactic intervention that delivers protection against infectious diseases at both the individual and community level. This process of natural vaccination is immensely pertinent to the current context of a pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection around the globe. The conventional idea of herd immunity is based on efficient transmission of pathogens and developing natural immunity within a population. This is entirely encouraging while fighting against any disease in pandemic circumstances. A spatial community is occupied by people having variable resistance capacity against a pathogen. Protection efficacy against once very common diseases like smallpox, poliovirus or measles has been possible only because of either natural vaccination through contagious infections or expanded immunization programs among communities. This has led to achieving herd immunity in some cohorts. The microbiome plays an essential role in developing the body’s immune cells for the emerging competent vaccination process, ensuring herd immunity. Frequency of interaction among microbiota, metabolic nutrients and individual immunity preserve the degree of vaccine effectiveness against several pathogens. Microbiome symbiosis regulates pathogen transmissibility and the success of vaccination among different age groups. Imbalance of nutrients perturbs microbiota and abrogates immunity. Thus, a particular population can become vulnerable to the infection. Intestinal dysbiosis leads to environmental enteropathy (EE). As a consequence, the generation of herd immunity can either be delayed or not start in a particular cohort. Moreover, disparities of the protective response of many vaccines in developing countries outside of developed countries are due to inconsistencies of healthy microbiota among the individuals. We suggested that pan-India poliovirus vaccination program, capable of inducing herd immunity among communities for the last 30 years, may also influence the inception of natural course of heterologous immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nonetheless, this anamnestic recall is somewhat counterintuitive, as antibody generation against original antigens of SARS-CoV-2 will be subdued due to original antigenic sin.

scholarly journals Adolescent’s descriptions of fatigue, fluctuation and payback in chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalopathy (CFS/ME): interviews with adolescents and parents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. e000281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanne M Parslow ◽  
Nina Anderson ◽  
Danielle Byrne ◽  
Alison Shaw ◽  
Kirstie L Haywood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Constant Versus ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveAs part of a larger qualitative study to explore outcomes important in paediatric chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalopathy (CFS/ME) and what improvements in fatigue and disability are key, interviews were undertaken with adolescents and their parents. This paper focuses on their descriptions of fatigue, fluctuation of symptoms and payback.Design and settingSemistructured qualitative interviews were undertaken between December 2014 and February 2015. Adolescents and parents were interviewed separately. Participants were recruited from a single specialist paediatric chronic fatigue service. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.ParticipantsWe interviewed 21 adolescents and their parents (20 mothers and 2 fathers). The adolescents were aged between 12 and 17 years of age (mean age 14.4 years), mild to moderately affected by CFS/ME (not housebound) and the majority were female (16/21).ResultsAll adolescents with CFS/ME reported fatigue, a natural fluctuation of the condition, with good days and bad days as well as an increase in symptoms after activity (payback). However, adolescent’s descriptions of fatigue, symptoms and the associated impact on their daily lives differed. The variations included: fatigue versus a collection of symptoms, constant versus variable symptoms and variable symptom severity. There were differences between participants in the amount of activity taken to cause payback. The impact of fatigue and symptoms on function ranged from: limiting the duration and amount of leisure activities, struggling with daily activities (eg, self-care) to no activity (sedentary).ConclusionsFatigue, fluctuation of the condition and payback after activity are described by all adolescents with CFS/ME in this study. However, the individual experience in terms of how they describe it and the degree and impact varies.

Investigating Effectiveness of an Expression Education Support Robot That Nods and Gives Hints

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koki Suzuki ◽  
◽  
Masayoshi Kanoh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Support Effect ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Education Student ◽  
Learning Effects ◽  
Learning Skills ◽  
Group Settings ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Education Support

In recent years, expression education, which improves the imagination and communication skills, has been attracting attention. It is necessary to provide the appropriate support and evaluation to each expression education student based on their imagination level and individual learning skills. However, it is difficult to match the individual students’ needs in the present educational institutions, where the instructions are typically offered in group settings. In this study, a robot is used as a substitute to the human instructor. Previous studies in the field proposed the use of robots that offer hints to boost the students’ imagination. This paper suggested that the robot had an education-support effect similar to that of a human instructor. However, it is critical to ensure that the learners are interested in the robot in order to achieve positive learning effects. Thus, we performed an experiment to verify the effectiveness of an expression education support robot that nods, as a form of non-verbal communication. The study results indicate the success of the proposed robot in improving the students learning effect and suggest the effectiveness of nodding as well as providing hints.

scholarly journals Human rights and freedoms as an object of philosophical reflection: from classical origins to nonclassical perspectives

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-104
Author(s):  
Alexey Viktorovich Suslov
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Legal Expert ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Scientific Achievements

The object of this research is human rights and freedoms as a unique social and cultural phenomenon, and the highest value of the society. The subject of this research is the classification and genesis of human rights, and changes therein in light of the recent scientific achievements and global transformations taking place in socioeconomic, political, and cultural life. The article examines different approaches of modern science towards classification of human rights, analyzes the origins and evolution of the institution of human rights and freedoms based on the generational approach, as well as their development prospects in the current context. The author underlines that the set of human rights of the first three generations, embodies in the international documents and constitutional practice of majority of the democratic countries, cannot be considered exhaustive, and there is potential for their extension due to the emergence of new types of rights, as well as advancement of the mechanisms for their enforcement. The author familiarizes the audience with the ideas that underlie the forming fourth and fifth generation, including the little-known opinion of a remarkable legal expert Sergei Iventiev, The conclusion is made that the current stage of evolution of the institution of rights and freedoms largely depends on protection of the spiritual and moral values of the individual and society.

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