Twarz konfucjańska "lian" i "mian" w perspektywie chińskiego "self" relacyjnego

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Pejda ◽  
Cezary Ciemniewski
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Confucian Ethics ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
The World ◽  
Central Notion ◽  
Organisational Model ◽  
Chinese Face

The reconstruction of the organisational model of Chinese society, with particular reference to the models of forming social relations. The books explores the most important notions of Confucian ethics, the rules of social exchange as well as other terms which influence behavioural norms, perception of the world and basic communication strategies. A Chinese face lian 臉 (moral face) and mian 面 (social face) is described on this cultural matrix. It is a central notion from the perspective of internalised social control, the most important symbolic protected value, built by people in the space of social roles and bonds.

scholarly journals Household and Small Business Across the Disciplines

2000 ◽  
pp. 526-541
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Stame
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
World System ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types

Households, which are seen as income pooling units (Wallerstein, Martin, Dickinson 1982), play a crucial role in the world-system analysis. Individuals enjoy income that accrues to their households, a unit embedded in a network of different social relationships among people, kin or not kin, living under the same roof or sharing some important living function. Thus, social relations are seen as ways of obtaining different types of income (wages, rent, pro?t, social exchange, gifts) and ways of ensuring different welfare services.

scholarly journals The resistance of the social landscape: “barbarism” and “civilization” in the social space

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-22
Author(s):  
Dmitry O. Trufanov
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Normative Structure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
Multiple Alternative ◽  
Peripheral Areas

This article discusses the concept of “social landscape” and studies the structure of the social landscape and its elements’ functions. The author analyzes the relationship between the concepts of “geographical landscape”, “socio-cultural landscape”, and “social landscape”. The defining feature of the social landscape is the value-normative structure that regulates the social relations of actors who act in the social space of a particular location. Changing this structure leads to the movement of the social landscape and its transition from one state to another. In the social landscape, the author identifies such structural elements as the center and the periphery, where the center is associated with the value-normative institutions of the state, and the periphery is expressed in the form of multiple alternative value-normative structures and identities that are formed in local communities. From the position of state-centered discourse, the center of the social landscape is associated with civilization and civilizational development, while the periphery is associated with barbarism in its modern interpretation. Barbarism in social space is a set of practices of social behavior caused by alternative value-normative structures that go beyond state institutions. Areas of barbarism in the social landscape are associated with an increased level of deviation, weakened social control, and weak penetration of state norms and values. Such areas carry risks of destruction of value-normative structures of the center of the social landscape. The resistance of the social landscape is a barrier of communication that prevents the penetration of value-normative structures of the center in the peripheral areas. Barriers are associated with the existence of alternative state value-normative structures and identities. The areas of barbarism and civilization in the social landscape are in a relationship of complementarity and perform a number of necessary functions in relation to each other. Such functions are the formation and maintenance of socio-cultural identity, strengthening and development of forms of social control, and the function of social exchange.

From Friendship to Family:Jiangyiqiand Strong Interpersonal Relationship Development in Chinese Organizations

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Liang ◽  
Sibin Wu ◽  
Shujuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Relationship Development ◽  
Confucian Ethics ◽  
Chinese Society

ABSTRACTMoral obligation, reciprocity, and affection contribute to the development of strong interpersonal relationships. An indigenous notion in Chinese culture,jiangyiqi, captures these three component principles of strong relationship development in one concept.Jiangyiqihas been held anecdotally as a common code of conduct for building strong, trustworthy relationships in China. We explore the possible integration of these three components of interpersonal relationships in Chinese society in our introduction of the construct ofjiangyiqi, based upon Confucian ethics and the circles of relationships delineated in past literature on Chinese societies. Drawing from social exchange theory as well as the perspective of reciprocal altruism in evolutionary biology, we propose thatjiangyiqimakes an individual a good candidate for developing strong non-kin relationships. We discuss the managerial implications ofjiangyiqifor relationship building in a Chinese cultural context.

The Dialogical concept of consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky and G.H. Mead and its relevance for contemporary discussions on consciousness

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Koczanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Cultural Activity ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The World

The Dialogical concept of consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky and G.H. Mead and its relevance for contemporary discussions on consciousness In my paper I show the relevance of cultural-activity theory for solving the puzzles of the concept of consciousness which encounter contemporary philosophy. I reconstruct the main categories of cultural-activity theory as developed by M.M. Bakhtin, L.S. Vygotsky, G.H. Mead, and J. Dewey. For the concept of consciousness the most important thing is that the phenomenon of human consciousness is consider to be an effect of intersection of language, social relations, and activity. Therefore consciousness cannot be reduced to merely sensual experience but it has to be treated as a complex process in which experience is converted into language expressions which in turn are used for establishing interpersonal relationships. Consciousness thus can be accounted for by its reference to objectivity of social relationships rather than to the world of physical or biological phenomena.

The Impact of COVID-19 Quarantine on Children‘s Behaviors and Language

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 796-806
Author(s):  
Sana M Kamal ◽  
Ali Al-Samydai ◽  
Rudaina Othman Yousif ◽  
Talal Aburjai
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Child Psychology ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
The World ◽  
Female Children ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

COVID-19 pandemic has spread across the world, which considered a relative of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), with possibility of transmission from animals to human and effect each of health and economic. Several preventative strategies and non-pharmaceutical interventions have been used to slow down the spread of COVID-19. The questionnaire contained 36 questions regarding the impact of COVID-19 quarantine on children`s behaviors and language have been distributed online (Google form). Data collected after asking parents about their children behavior during quarantine, among the survey completers (n=469), 42.3% were female children, and 57.7 were male children. Results showed that quarantine has an impact on children`s behaviors and language, where stress and isolationism has a higher effect, while social relations had no impact. The majority of the respondents (75.0%) had confidence that community pharmacies can play an important role in helping families in protection their children`s behaviors and language as they made the highest contact with pharmacists during quarantine. One of the main recommendations that could be applied to help parents protection and improvement their children`s behaviors and language in quarantine condition base on simple random sample opinion is increasing the role of community pharmacies inpatient counseling and especially towards children after giving courses to pharmacists in child psychology and behavior. This could be helpful to family to protect their children, from any changing in them behaviors and language in such conditions in the future if the world reface such the same problem.

The Traffic in Hierarchy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ward Keeler
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
The World ◽  
Male Head ◽  
Relative Status ◽  
Trans Women

Looking at Buddhist monasteries as social institutions, this book integrates a thorough description of one such monastery with a wide-ranging study of Burmese social relations, both religious and lay, looking particularly at the matter of gender. Hierarchical assumptions inform all such relations, and higher status implies a person’s greater autonomy. A monk is particularly idealized because he exemplifies the Buddhist ideal of “detachment” and so autonomy. A male head of household represents another masculine ideal, if a somewhat less prestigious one. He enjoys greater autonomy than other members of the household yet remains entangled in the world. Women and trans women are thought to be more invested in attachment than autonomy and are expected to subordinate themselves to men and monks as a result. But everyone must concern themselves with the matter of relative status in all of their interactions. This makes face-to-face encounter fraught. Several chapters detail the ways that individuals try to stave off the risks that interaction necessarily entails. One stratagem is to subordinate oneself to nodes of power, but this runs counter to efforts to demonstrate one’s autonomy. Another is to foster detachment, most dramatically in the practice of meditation.

Getting Real?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Goodhart
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Political Theories ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Norms

Chapter 3 engages with realist political theory throughcritical dialogues with leading realist theorists. It argues that realist political theories are much more susceptible to conservatism, distortion, and idealization than their proponents typically acknowledge. Realism is often not very realistic either in its descriptions of the world or in its political analysis. While realism enables the critical analysis of political norms (the analysis of power and unmasking of ideology), it cannot support substantive normative critique of existing social relations or enable prescriptive theorizing. These two types of critique must be integrated into a single theoretical framework to facilitate emancipatory social transformation.

Race, Criminal Justice, and Migration Control

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Migration Control ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Way

In an era of mass mobility, those who are permitted to migrate and those who are criminalized, controlled, and prohibited from migrating are heavily patterned by race. By placing race at the centre of its analysis, this volume brings together fourteen essays that examine, question, and explain the growing intersection between criminal justice and migration control. Through the lens of race, we see how criminal justice and migration enmesh in order to exclude, stop, and excise racialized citizens and non-citizens from societies across the world within, beyond, and along borders. Neatly organized in four parts, the book begins with chapters that present a conceptual analysis of race, borders, and social control, moving to the institutions that make up and shape the criminal justice and migration complex. The remaining chapters are convened around the key sites where criminal justice and migration control intersect: policing, courts, and punishment. Together the volume presents a critical and timely analysis of how race shapes and complicates mobility and how racism is enabled and reanimated when criminal justice and migration control coalesce. Race and the meaning of race in relation to citizenship and belonging are excavated throughout the chapters presented in the book, thereby transforming the way we think about migration.

Reading the Bible from Below in the Era of Globalization

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-128
Author(s):  
Rainer Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Asynchronous Development ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
The World ◽  
Biblical Texts ◽  
Globalized World

It is evident that the world of the Bible is pre-modern and thus distinct from the globalized civilization. This chronological gap challenges readers, whether they are feminist or not. Mainly three attitudes can be observed among scholarly and ordinary readers. For some readers, the Bible is a document of the losers of a historical process of modernization that already began in ancient Israel. For other readers, the Bible is outdated and of no use to confront the challenges of globalization. A third readerly position challenges both of these views. This essay offers four arguments to orient biblical readers in the contemporary globalized world. First, the essay posits that globalization is an asynchronous development. Thus, even today, most people living in the impoverished regions of the world face conditions similar to those dominant in the Bible. Second, the essay asserts that women are the first victims in biblical times and still nowadays. Third, the essay maintains that biblical texts display social relations that still unveil contemporary relations. Fourth, the essay suggests that intercultural Bible readings give hope, as they nurture biblical readings from “below” to strengthen people to overcome the fatal consequences of today’s globalization.

scholarly journals From “the Moon Is Rounder Abroad” to “Bravo, My Country”: How China Misperceives the World

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Global Affairs ◽  
Chinese Public

AbstractFor a long time, since China’s opening to the outside world in the late 1970s, admiration for foreign socioeconomic prosperity and quality of life characterized much of the Chinese society, which contributed to dissatisfaction with the country’s development and government and a large-scale exodus of students and emigrants to foreign countries. More recently, however, overestimating China’s standing and popularity in the world has become a more conspicuous feature of Chinese public opinion and the social backdrop of the country’s overreach in global affairs in the last few years. This essay discusses the effects of these misperceptions about the world, their potential sources, and the outcomes of correcting misperceptions. It concludes that while the world should get China right and not misinterpret China’s intentions and actions, China should also get the world right and have a more balanced understanding of its relationship with the world.

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