scholarly journals Comparison of the F2 and F3 traits’ inheritance by the rice hybrid ‘Kontro x Kuboyar’

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
P. I. Kostylev ◽  
A. V. Aksenov ◽  
Е. V. Krasnova
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Rice Hybrid ◽  
Negative Dominance

Rice is a very moisture-loving crop, therefore it suffers greatly from drought. However, in the world in recent years, there is an increasing shortage of fresh water, which makes the use of upland rice relevant. Therefore, rice varieties with a reduced demand for water supply, developed as a result of breeding work, are more profitable for agricultural producers than agrotechnical or reclamation measures. It is much cheaper to produce such rice with periodic irrigation. The purpose of the current study was to analyze genetically the main quantitative traits of the rice hybrid ‘Kontro x Kuboyar’ with the selection of the best forms for subsequent breeding for drought resistance. The study was carried out in 2019–2020 on the rice plots of the special subdivision ‘Proletarskoye’ belonging to of the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in the Rostov Region. In the course of the study there has been made a genetic analysis of a number of quantitative traits that determine rice productivity. The character of traits’ inheritance in the second and third generations was identical. The inheritance of the trait ‘panicle length’ was characterized by partial negative dominance and monogenic differences in parental varieties. The trait ‘number of spikelets per panicle’ was inherited according to the type of negative dominance of smaller values of the trait and was determined by the interaction of two pairs of genes. The trait ‘1000-kernel weight’ was identified by the partial dominance of large values of the trait and monogenic differences in the parental varieties. The traits ‘kernel length’ and ‘kernel width’ were split according to the monohybrid scheme 1:2:1, and there was no dominance. From the third generation, the best early-maturing forms with optimal values of the traits ‘plant height’, ‘panicle length’, ‘1000-kernel weight’ and ‘the best kernel percentage per panicle’ were selected for the subsequent breeding of drought-resistant rice varieties.

scholarly journals Inheritance of some quantitative traits in the hybrid generations ‘Kuboyar × Gagat’

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
P. I. Kostylev ◽  
E. V. Krasnova ◽  
G. A. Sirapionov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Allelic Differences ◽  
White Grain ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Rice is an important food for humans. In the world, for food purposes white-grain rice varieties are mainly used, but there are varieties in which kernel pericarp is of red, brown, purple or black color. Such rice is more beneficial for health promotion. The current paper has presented the results of genetic analysis of the inheritance of a number of variable quantitative traits in rice hybrid populations of the first and third generations obtained by the hybridization of the varieties ‘Kuboyar’ and ‘Gagat’. The variety ‘Kuboyar’ is medium-sized, with a compact erect panicle, an oval caryopsis and white pericarp. The variety ‘Gagat’ is tall, with a long drooping panicle, a long kernel and black pericarp. The work was carried out on the territory of the OP ‘Proletarskoe’ of the Rostov region in 2018–2020. The analysis of the inheritance of some quantitative traits that have a direct impact on the rice productivity made it possible to establish new inheritance regularities. According to the trait ‘plant height’ there has been identified partial dominance of the largest values of the trait in the hybrids F2 and F3. Allelic differences of 3 pairs of genes were identified in parental forms. The trait ‘panicle length’ showed overdominance of the trait in F2, it was absent in F3, and there were digenic differences in parental forms. The trait ‘number of spikelets per panicle’ demonstrated overdominance of large values and positive transgression. According to the trait ‘1000-grain weight’, the hybrids of both generations were split by the digenic scheme in a ratio of 1:4:6:4:1. There was no dominance in the trait ‘kernel length’; the initial varieties had differences in 2 pairs of genes. According to the trait ‘kernel width’, there was identified incomplete dominance of smaller values, and there was monohybrid split. There have been selected the best plants F3 with a black pericarp, average values of the traits ‘plant height’, ‘panicle length’, ‘1000-grain weight’ and an increased number of grains per panicle for the further breeding process.

scholarly journals Genetics of some quantitative traits of the rice hybrid CR-1009 (SUB-1) × Novator

2018 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
P. I. Kostylev ◽  
Е. V. Krasnova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Parental Form ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rice Hybrid ◽  
Allelic Differences ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle ◽  
Yield Structure

Quantitative traits which are characterized by a wide range of variability in different locations are of great importance for produc­tivity formation. They are plant height, panicle length, number of spikelets and kernels per panicle, 1000-kernel weight, etc. The study of genetic basis of quantitative traits of rice, which are the main elements of yield structure, is an important problem and its solution is necessary to speed up breeding process. The article deals with the establishing of inheritance type, quantity of allelic variants of genes, which participate in determination of some quantitative traits of the rice hybrid obtained from hybridization of the varieties “CR-1009 (Sub-1)” and “Novator”. The genetic analysis of trait splitting has been carried out by the computer program “Polygen A”. The inheritance of the trait “plant height” occurred was of the type of incomplete domination of large values of the trait, the parental forms varied in two pairs of genes. By the panicle length, monogenic differences of the crossed varieties were observed. According to the number of spikelets per panicle, full dominance of the greater value of the trait was identified. The interaction of two genes was identified, with each parental form having both recessive and dominant alleles, but in different loci. Estimating number of kernels per panicle, there were allelic differences in two loci and trait splitting was in a ratio of 9 : 6 : 1. Trait splitting along the length and width of the spikelet was transgressive and was characterized by the dominance of smaller values of the trait. According to 1000-kernel weight, incomplete dominance of smaller values of the trait and monogenic differences of the initial parental forms have been estab­lished. According to kernel weight per panicle, the digenous differences of the parental forms and the splitting in a ratio of 15 : 1 were identified. The information that differences are determined by two pairs of main genes can be used in practical breeding. It will allow reducing the amount work to obtain recombinants with the desired combination of characteristics.

Varietal Trial of Traditional Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties Collected in the Province of Negros Occidental

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelie L Lumba ◽  
Mae Flor G Posadas
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Rice Improvement

Thirteen traditional upland rice varieties (Kadidit Pilit, Red 64, Masipag 9, Masipag 15, Dinorado, Mindoro, Camuros, Masipag 22, Palawan, Suleg, Biday, Pilit , Pilit Talacdan) were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replicates at the experimental area of Central Philippines State University (CPSU), Kabankalan City, Negros Occidental from November 2012 - April 2013. The parameters compared were their agronomic data on growth and yield, including grain characteristics. These data were processed using the one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with the Statistical Tool for Agricultural Research (STAR) (Version 2.0.1) while Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) were used to compare significant treatment means at 1% level. The upland rice varieties showed significant variation in growth, yield showed distinct grain characteristics. Biday variety was the tallest, produced longer and wider leaves, and bore the longest panicle. Mindoro and Masipag 22 produced the most number of tillers. Pilit talacdan had the biggest culm, produced the heaviest panicle, with the highest number of filled grains per panicle. Pilit variety gave the heaviest weight of 1,000 grains. The grain features were also found to be distinct in each variety. The yield significantly varied among the upland rice varieties. Pilit and Pilit Talacdan gave the highest yield among the varieties grown at CPSU condition. The performing varieties would be used for upland rice improvement and breeding program and for further verification in the farmer’s field.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, association and diversity analysis in upland Rice (Oryza sativa L)

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Khare ◽  
AK Singh ◽  
S Eram ◽  
PK Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Fertile Spikelet

High heritability coupled with high to moderate phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation and genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for grain yield per plant, plant height, test weight, fertile spikelet per panicle, total grains per panicle and number of effective tillers per plant. Positive and significant association were observed for days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, panicle length, fertile spikelet per panicle, total grains per panicle and spikelet fertility with grain yield per plant at both genotypic and phenotypic level, while highest positive direct effect on grain yield was recorded by fertile spikelet per panicle, total number of grains per panicle, plant height and days to 50% flowering. Based on ten quantitative traits the accessions were clustered into seven groups, the cluster III contained highest 14 accessions, followed by clusters I comprised 11 accessions and cluster VI, VII, V, IV and II have 9, 8, 7, 6 and 5 accessions, respectively. The first four principal components accounted for 77.13% of total variation of all the traits. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i2.21915 SAARC J. Agri., 12(2): 40-51 (2014)

scholarly journals GENETICS OF THE TRAITS IN THE RICE HYBRID ‘SVETLY X MAVR

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. Kostylev ◽  
E. V. Krasnova ◽  
A. V. Aksenov ◽  
E. S. Balyukova
Keyword(s):  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigment ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Black Seed ◽  
Allelic State ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle ◽  
Pericarp Color ◽  
Negative Dominance ◽  
Black Color

Rice can form not only white, but also red, brown and black kernels. In black rice pericarp contains anthocyanin pigment, which has antioxidant activity and is beneficial to human health. The article is devoted to the development of new rice lines with black pericarp on the basis of the hybrid ‘Svetly × Mavr’. The purpose of the work is to develop rice new lines with black seed vessel on the genetic background of the variety ‘Svetly’. There has been carried out a genetic analysis of varying quantitative traits that affect rice productivity. Cleavage by pericarp color occurred according to the dihybrid scheme according to the type of recessive epistasis in the ratio 9:3:4. The black color of the pericarp was formed with the presence of two dominant Pb and Pp genes in the genotype, the brown one was determined by the Pb gene, and the white one was determined by the other combinations of genes. Inheritance of plant height occurred according to the overdominance of large values of the trait. Parental forms differed in the allelic state of two pairs of genes. Along the panicle length, there has been determined partial negative dominance and monogenic differences of the hybridized varieties. According to ‘number of spikelets per panicle’, there has been identified an overdominance of a larger value of the trait and the interaction of two pairs of genes. According to ‘1000-kernel weight’, there has been established partial dominance of large values of the trait and monogenic differences of the initial parental forms. There have been selected the best recombinant forms combining a compact erect panicle and grains with a black seed vessel, and there has been developed starting material for practical breeding. The study was carried out on the fields of the Experimental Station “Proletarskaya” of the Rostov Region in 2018.

scholarly journals Heterosis studies for yield and agronomic traits in Thai upland rice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Sari ◽  
C. Nualsri ◽  
N. Junsawang ◽  
W. Soonsuwon
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rice Hybrid ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The exploitation of heterosis and heterobeltiosis are the promising way for raising yield potential in crops. Twenty-eight F1 hybrids and their eight parents were evaluated to estimate the heterosis and heterobeltiosis of yield and other agronomic traits in Thai upland rice. Significant differences of analysis of variance were observed for all studied traits, indicating the existence of worth genetic variability among the hybrids and their parents. The highest significant positive heterosis and heterobeltiosis was attained by Dawk Pa-yawm × Hawm Mali Doi for number of tillers (90.59%; 58.82%) and number of panicles plant-1 (60.35%; 46.14%), and panicle length (heterobeltiosis: 20.05%), but highest significant negative heterosis for plant height (-8.90%). Likewise, Nual Hawm × Khun Nan showed the highest significant positive heterosis and heterobeltiosis for yield components, viz., number of filled grains panicle-1 (57.39%; 52.25%), spikelet fertility (25.01%; 21.16%), 1000 grain weight (heterosis: 12.85%) and grain yield plant-1 (heterosis: 19.86%), but highest significant negative for days to flowering (-17.52%; -6.03%) and days to maturity (-12.00%; -4.91%). These crosses were recommended as the most promising combinations to gain early favorable segregants and developing high yielding upland rice hybrid varieties by heterosis breeding.

scholarly journals Productivity and Economic Performance of NERICA Varieties under Two Harvest Modes and Rainfall Intensities in Uganda

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
M. G. Kaiira ◽  
L. Owere ◽  
F. Kagoda ◽  
M. Elesu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Yield Attributes

The productivity of upland rice is highly determined by the available soil moisture and nutrients. Droughts highly influence yields especially in the second 30 days growth period. A field experiment was conducted at the Uganda National Agricultural Research Institute, Ikulwe station during 2018B and 2019B seasons to determine the productivity and economic returns of four rice varieties under two harvest modes and rainfall intensities. The treatments included NERICA 1, 4 & 6 and NAMCHE 2 given 80 kg N and 30 kg P ha-1. Treatments were replicated three times under a randomised complete block design.  Data was collected on plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width and number of tillers during vegetative stages in all treatments. The panicles m-2, sink size, panicle filling percentage and grain yields were determined at harvest. All the yield attributes and grain yield reduced during the droughty 2018B relative to the rainy 2019B. On the contrary, the number of tillers reduced in 2019. Correlation coefficient (r) for spikelets per m-2 were significant (>8.0) and positive (0.86) to grain yield during 2018 but were lower (0.13) in 2019. The r values were also positive, but not significant, for panicles m-2 (0.76) and for percent filled panicles (0.23) with respect to grain yield during 2018 and 2019 respectively. NERICA 4 & 6 produced higher grain yield under both moisture stress and high rainfall conditions. The results indicate that NERICA 4 and 6 varieties could be adopted and harvested at 75 days after rice emergence (DAE) for NERICA 4 and at 75 DAE and 90 DAE for NERICA 6 under low (630 mm) rainfall or harvested once at 90 DAE given high (1,500 mm) rainfall to get higher yields and Returns on Investment.

scholarly journals Analysis of the inheritance of quantitative traits in the rice hybrid Kuboyar × Gagat

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (11) ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Pavel Kostylev ◽  
E. Krasnova ◽  
A. Aksenov ◽  
E. Balyukova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Allelic State ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Mathematical Processing ◽  
Grain Width ◽  
Negative Dominance ◽  
Subsequent Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. Rice is one of the main food items in the world. White rice is mainly used, but there are also varieties with red, brown and black pericarp grains. This rice is much healthier. The article is devoted to the creation of new lines of rice with black pericarp. The purpose of the work is to study the inheritance of varying quantitative traits in an interspecific hybrid of rice Kuboyar × Gagat, with subsequent selection of isolated samples. Methods. Hybridization of these varieties was carried out in 2017. Mathematical processing of research data was performed Using the program Statistica 6. For genetic analysis, the program “Polygen A” was used by A. F. Merezhko (2005). The research was conducted in 2018–2019 on the basis of a Separate division “Proletarskoe” of the Rostov region. Scientific novelty. A genetic analysis of varying quantitative traits that affect the grain productivity of rice was performed, and a number of new patterns were established. Results. Inheritance of plant height in F2 hybrids was based on the type of overdomination of large trait values. The parent forms differed in the allelic state of the two pairs of genes. Along the length of the panicle, there was a partial negative dominance and monogenic differences in crossed varieties. According to the number of spikelets on the panicle, overdomination of a larger trait value and the interaction of two pairs of genes were established. By the mass of 1000 grains, partial dominance of large values of the trait and monogenic differences in the initial parent forms were established. There was no dominance in the length of the grain, and the parent forms differed by two pairs of genes. The grain width was dominated by smaller values of the trait, splitting was performed according to the monohybrid scheme. The selection of isolated samples forming a compact erect panicle and grains with a black pericarp was carried out for further selection work.

scholarly journals Inheritance of quantitative traits of the rice hybrid F2-F3 Svetly × Mavr

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
P. I. Kostylev ◽  
E. V. Krasnova ◽  
A. V. Aksenov ◽  
E. S. Balyukova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle ◽  
Pericarp Color ◽  
Black Color ◽  
Dominant Genes ◽  
Selection Of

Rice can form not only white, but also red, brown and black kernels. In black rice, pericarp kernels contain anthocyanin, which has an antioxidant effect and is beneficial to human health. The current paper is devoted to the development of new rice lines with black pericarp based on the hybrid Svetly × Mavr. The purpose of the work is to develop new forms of rice with anthocyanin pericarp by a hybridization of varieties with white and black kernels, a genetic analysis of a number of quantitative traits and by a selection of the best variants with compact vertical black-kernel panicles to use them in future breeding work. There has been conducted a genetic analysis of varying quantitative traits affecting the rice productivity. The cleavage by a pericarp color was carried out according to the type of recessive epistasis in a ratio of 9 : 3 : 4. The black color of the pericarp was formed in the presence of two dominant genes Pb and Pp in the genotype, the brown color was due to the Pb gene, the white color was due to the rest combinations of genes. The traits “plant height” and “number of spikelets per panicle” of the hybrids F2 and F3 were inherited by the type of superdomination of large values of the trait controlled by two loci, the interaction of which resulted in transgressive forms. According to the traits “panicle length” and “1000 kernel weight”, there has been identified intermediate monogenic inheritance and two-peaked characteristic frequency distribution curves. There have been identified rice forms with black pericarp color, combining the optimal values of the traits “plant height”, increased “panicle length”, “number of spikelets per panicle” and “1000 kernel weight”. On its basis there has been also developed an initial material for practical breeding. The study was carried out in 2018–2020 on the fields of the EP “Proletarskoye” of the Rostov region.

Analysis of phenotypic diversity of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) accessions from Jammu and Kashmir, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Showkat A. Zargar ◽  
Aijaz A. Wani ◽  
M. I. S. Saggoo
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits

Abstract Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) is a world-wide highly appreciated fruit, with its attractive colour, soft texture and typical flavour. In the current investigation, 68 apricot accessions collected from Jammu and Kashmir, India were analysed to determine the measure of variation using 12 qualitative and 16 quantitative traits with an aim to identify superior apricot accessions with excellent fruit quality traits. High phenotypic variability was observed among the studied apricot accessions with significant differences among most of the qualitative and quantitative traits. Fruit-related characteristics including fruit weight, fruit length, fruit ratio, fruit firmness, fruit shape, fruit suture, stone weight, kernel weight and stone shape were the most diverse with a high coefficient of variation (>30%). One way analysis of variance showed significant differences (P < 0.0001) among all the quantitative traits. Significant positive and negative correlations were observed between all the agronomically important fruit quality traits. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that 75.34% of the variability was defined by the first eight components. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram, based on all traits measured grouped the accessions into two main clusters with several sub-clusters. Both UPGMA dendrogram and PCA scatter plot formed a cluster of 14 accessions, having the highest values regarding most important fruit quality traits such as fruit weight, fruit length and width, fruit ratio, stone weight and kernel weight can be treated as potentially superior accessions. These accessions can be used directly for cultivation and in future apricot breeding programmes. The present findings are promising for genetic resource management, cultivar improvement and commercial applications of apricot in Jammu and Kashmir, India.

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