9. “Food as Thy Medicine”: How Ecovillages Foster Population and Planetary Health through Regenerative Food Systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 210-225
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Planetary Health

Investing in early nutrition and food systems for human and planetary health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna L Hollis ◽  
Sandro Demaio ◽  
Wai Yew Yang ◽  
Laura Trijsburg ◽  
Inge D Brouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Planetary Health ◽  
Early Nutrition

scholarly journals Nutrition Transition and Climate Risks in Nigeria: Moving Towards Food Systems Policy Coherence

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-403
Author(s):  
Alexandra E. Morgan ◽  
Jessica Fanzo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Policy Environment ◽  
Policy Coherence ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Planetary Health ◽  
Climate Risks

Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to describe the combined impacts of the nutrition transition and climate change in Nigeria and analyze the country’s national food-related policy options that could support human and planetary health outcomes. Recent Findings This paper uses a food systems framework to analyze how the nutrition transition and climate change interact in Nigeria affecting both diets and the double burden of malnutrition, resulting in what has been termed the syndemic. Interactions between climate change and the nutrition transition in Nigeria are exacerbating diet-related inequities and will continue to do so if food systems continue on their current trajectory and without significant transformation. Siloed policy actions that attempt to mitigate one aspect of food system risk can create a negative feedback loop in another aspect of the food system. Our analysis finds that Nigeria has five national policies that include actionable steps to address food system insufficiencies; however, each of these policies is constrained by the boundaries of singular nutrition, climate change, and agricultural objectives. The country should consider a coherent policy environment that explicitly identifies and links underlying systemic and institutional drivers between climate change and malnutrition that simultaneously and comprehensively address both human and planetary health outcomes of food systems. Summary The systemic and institutional outcomes of this emerging syndemic—undernutrition, obesity, and climate change—are inexorably linked. Nigeria lacks a coherent policy environment taking on this challenging syndemic landscape. The analysis in this paper highlights the need for Nigeria to prioritize their national nutrition and agricultural and climate policies that uncouple feedback loops within food systems to address climate change and malnutrition in all its forms.

scholarly journals Sustainable food systems for optimal planetary health

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 238-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsey R Canavan ◽  
Ramadhani A Noor ◽  
Christopher D Golden ◽  
Calestous Juma ◽  
Wafaie Fawzi
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Sustainable Food Systems ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Planetary Health

scholarly journals A planetary health approach to secure, safe, sustainable food systems: workshop report

Food Security ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn G. Alders ◽  
Natalie Ratanawongprasat ◽  
Hettie Schönfeldt ◽  
Darryl Stellmach
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Sustainable Food Systems ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Workshop Report ◽  
Planetary Health

scholarly journals International Trade and Investment and Food Systems: What We Know, What We Don’t Know, and What We Don’t Know We Don’t Know

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Schram ◽  
Belinda Townsend
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Planetary Health ◽  
Nutrition Labelling ◽  
Investment System ◽  
Trade And Investment

Background: Globalised and industrialised food systems contribute to human and planetary health challenges, such as food insecurity, malnutrition, and climate change. International trade and investment can serve as a barrier or enabler to food system transformations that would improve health and environmental outcomes. Methods: This article used health impact assessment (HIA) to analyse what we know, what we don’t know, and what we don’t know we don’t know about the role that trade and investment might play in food system transformations to improve human and planetary health. Results: Evidence exists for the link between trade and investment and the spread of unhealthy food commodities, efforts to impede nutrition labelling, and increased concentration of ultra-processed food and beverage product companies. The role of trade and investment in the reduction of animal sources in human diets is emerging and may include challenging measures that restrict the use of terms like ‘milk’ and ‘burger’ in plant-based alternatives and the promotion of plant-based foods through non-tariff barriers and targeted efforts at regulatory harmonisation. Trade disputes may serve as the forum for battles around state discrepancies in the safety and acceptability of technological innovation in the food supply, as was the case with hormone treated beef between the European Union (EU) and the United States. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) obligations are unambitious but represent welcome progress in balancing public and private interests. Finally, introducing greater policy flexibility, transparency, and participation provides opportunities to shape a modern trade and investment system that can respond to future food system challenges in a timely fashion. Conclusion: Research at the intersection of trade and investment and food systems should address emergent food systems issues, particularly those that intersect health and climate, while policy efforts should be future-proofing the flexibility of the trade and investment system to enable food system design that supports improved human and planetary health outcomes.

scholarly journals Vegetarian Diets: Planetary Health and Its Alignment with Human Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. S380-S388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ujué Fresán ◽  
Joan Sabaté
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Planetary Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Vegetarian Diets

ABSTRACT To maintain planetary health, human activities must limit the use of Earth's resources within finite boundaries and avoid environmental degradation. At present, food systems account for a substantial use of natural resources and contribute considerably to climate change, degradation of land, water use, and other impacts, which in turn threaten human health through food insecurity. Additionally, current dietary patterns, rich in animal products and excessive in calories, are detrimental to both population and planetary health. In order to resolve the diet-environment-health trilemma, population-level dietary changes are essential. Vegetarian diets are reported to be healthy options. Most plant-sourced foods are less resource intense and taxing on the environment than the production of animal-derived foods, particularly meat and dairy from ruminants. This review article explores simultaneously the environmental sustainability of vegetarian diets, and its alignment with people's health. In general, the progression from omnivorous to ovolactovegetarian and vegan diets is associated with increased environmental sustainability. Greenhouse gas emissions resulting from vegan and ovolactovegetarian diets are ∼50% and ∼35% lower, respectively, than most current omnivore diets, and with corresponding reductions in the use of natural resources. Concomitant health benefits could be obtained by shifting from current dietary patterns to sustainable vegetarian diets. Thus, there seems to be an alignment of health and environmental outcomes for vegetarian diets. Although this shows the human health and environmental sustainability benefits of vegetarian diets in high-income countries, questions remain about the challenges in other contexts and the political will to promote meat-free diets as the social norm.

scholarly journals Examining the Environmental Impacts of the Dairy and Baby Food Industries: Are First-Food Systems a Crucial Missing Part of the Healthy and Sustainable Food Systems Agenda Now Underway?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12678
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Pope ◽  
Johan O. Karlsson ◽  
Phillip Baker ◽  
David McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Sustainable Food Systems ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Planetary Health ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Impact

Food systems are increasingly being understood as driving various health and ecological crises and their transformation is recognised as a key opportunity for planetary health. First-food systems represent an underexplored aspect of this transformation. Despite breastfeeding representing the optimal source of infant nutrition, use of commercial milk formula (CMF) is high and growing rapidly. In this review, we examine the impact of CMF use on planetary health, considering in particular its effects on climate change, water use and pollution and the consequences of these effects for human health. Milk is the main ingredient in the production of CMF, making the role of the dairy sector a key area of attention. We find that CMF use has twice the carbon footprint of breastfeeding, while 1 kg of CMF has a blue water footprint of 699 L; CMF has a significant and harmful environmental impact. Facilitation and protection of breastfeeding represents a key part of developing sustainable first-food systems and has huge potential benefits for maternal and child health.

scholarly journals Food Systems for Human and Planetary Health: Economic Perspectives and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenggen Fan ◽  
Derek Headey ◽  
Christopher Rue ◽  
Timothy Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Food System ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Planetary Health ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
And Behavior

Food systems are currently facing unprecedented challenges. More than 690 million people still suffer hunger while climate change, rapid depletion of natural resources, and loss of biodiversity further threaten future food systems. Influential global reports emphasize the need for fundamental transformations of food systems for human and planetary health, but few incorporate economic considerations. This review adopts an economic lens to assessing potential transitions to ideal food systems that are productive, sustainable, nutritious, resilient, and inclusive. Our findings show that new technologies, policies, institutions, and behavior changes can leverage synergies for achieving multiple food system targets, but rigorous economic analysis is needed to further analyze trade-offs and to overcome complex behavioral, institutional, and political barriers. This review also points to important knowledge gaps that economists and other social scientists must address to contribute to the radical transformation of food systems. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Resource Economics, Volume 13 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamh Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Planetary Health ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Complex Manner

Human health and planetary health are intertwined in many ways, food systems being an example. This article describes the complex manner in which food systems impact the environment and how our dietary choices have consequences for climate change. Subsequent changes to weather patterns and ecosystems can then destabilise these food systems impacting on human health. This article explains how various components of food systems must be considered when attempting to understand the effects on climate change. It concludes by offering practical solutions on an individual and societal level to mitigate these effects.

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