Genomic analysis of group A Streptococcus isolated during a correctional facility outbreak of MRSA in 2004

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarah Lynch ◽  
Tannistha Nandi ◽  
Teenus Jayaprakash ◽  
Dan Gregson ◽  
Deirdre L Church
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Correctional Facility ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Superficial Wound ◽  
Group A ◽  
Public Datasets

Background: In 2004–2005, an outbreak of impetigo occurred at a correctional facility during a sentinel outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Alberta, Canada. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to characterize the group A Streptococcus (GAS) isolates and evaluate whether genomic biomarkers could distinguish between those recovered alone and those co-isolated with S. aureus. Methods: Superficial wound swabs collected from all adults with impetigo during this outbreak were cultured using standard methods. NGS was used to characterize and compare all of the GAS and S. aureus genomes. Results: Fifty-three adults were culture positive for GAS, with a subset of specimens also positive for MRSA ( n = 5) or methicillin-sensitive S. aureus ( n = 3). Seventeen additional MRSA isolates from this facility from the same time frame (no GAS co-isolates) were also included. All 78 bacterial genomes were analyzed for the presence of known virulence factors, plasmids, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. Among the GAS isolates were 12 emm­ types, the most common being 41.2 ( n = 27; 51%). GAS genomes were phylogenetically compared with local and public datasets of invasive and non-invasive isolates. GAS genomes had diverse profiles for virulence factors, plasmids, and AMR genes. Pangenome analysis did not identify horizontally transferred genes in the co-infection versus single infections. Conclusions: GAS recovered from invasive and non-invasive sources were not genetically distinguishable. Virulence factors, plasmids, and AMR profiles grouped by emm­­ type, and no genetic changes were identified that predict co-infection or horizontal gene transfer between GAS and S. aureus.

scholarly journals Full Sequencing and Genomic Analysis of Three emm75 Group A Streptococcus Strains Recovered in the Course of an Epidemiological Shift in French Brittany

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (39) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aude Rochefort ◽  
Sarrah Boukthir ◽  
Séverine Moullec ◽  
Alexandra Meygret ◽  
Yahia Adnani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACT While the incidence and invasiveness of type emm75 group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections increased in French Brittany during 2013, we sequenced and analyzed the genomes of three independent strains isolated in 2009, 2012, and 2014, respectively. In this short-term evolution, genomic analysis evidenced mainly the integration of new phages encoding virulence factors.

Invasive M1T1 group A Streptococcus undergoes a phase-shift in vivo to prevent proteolytic degradation of multiple virulence factors by SpeB

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramy K. Aziz ◽  
Michael J. Pabst ◽  
Arthur Jeng ◽  
Rita Kansal ◽  
Donald. E. Low ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Proteolytic Degradation ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals Incompetence of Neutrophils to Invasive Group A streptococcus Is Attributed to Induction of Plural Virulence Factors by Dysfunction of a Regulator

PLoS ONE ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. e3455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Ato ◽  
Tadayoshi Ikebe ◽  
Hiroki Kawabata ◽  
Toshitada Takemori ◽  
Haruo Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals A Multicomponent Vaccine Provides Immunity against Local and Systemic Infections by Group A Streptococcus across Serotypes

mBio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Bi ◽  
Meiyi Xu ◽  
Ya Zhou ◽  
Xinxin Xing ◽  
Adong Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Th17 Response ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
Large Repertoire ◽  
Multicomponent Vaccine

ABSTRACT Group A streptococcus (GAS) species are responsible for a broad spectrum of human diseases, ranging from superficial to invasive infections, and are associated with autoimmune disorders. There is no commercial vaccine against GAS. The clinical manifestations of GAS infection may be attributable to the large repertoire of virulence factors used selectively in different types of GAS disease. Here, we selected five molecules, highly conserved among GAS serotypes, and involved in different pathogenic mechanisms, as a multicomponent vaccine, 5CP. Intranasal (i.n.) immunization with 5CP protected mice against both mucosal and systemic GAS infection across serotypes; the protection lasted at least 6 months. Immunization of mice with 5CP constrained skin lesion development and accelerated lesion recovery. Flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analyses revealed that 5CP induced Th17 and antibody responses locally and systemically; however, the Th17 response induced by 5CP resolved more quickly than that to GAS when challenge bacteria were cleared, suggesting that 5CP is less likely to cause autoimmune responses. These findings support that immunization through the i.n. route targeting multiple nonredundant virulence factors can induce immunity against different types of GAS disease and represents an alternative strategy for GAS vaccine development, with favorable efficacy, coverage, duration, and safety. IMPORTANCE GAS is among the most common human pathogens and causes a wide variety of diseases, likely more than any other microorganism. The diverse clinical manifestations of GAS may be attributable to its large repertoire of virulence factors that are selectively and synergistically involved in streptococcal pathogenesis. To date, GAS vaccines have not been successful due to multiple serotypes and postinfection sequelae associated with autoimmunity. In this study, five conserved virulence factors that are involved in GAS pathogenesis were used as a combined vaccine. Intranasal immunization with this vaccine induced humoral and cellular immune responses across GAS serotypes and protected against mucosal, systemic, and skin infections. The significance of this work is to demonstrate that the efficacy of GAS vaccines can be achieved by including multiple nonredundant critical virulence factors and inducing local and systemic immunity. The strategy also provides valuable insights for vaccine development against other pathogens.

scholarly journals Streptococcus pyogenes prtFII, but not sfbI, sfbII or fbp54, is represented more frequently among invasive-disease isolates of tropical Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. DELVECCHIO ◽  
B. J. CURRIE ◽  
J. D. McARTHUR ◽  
M. J. WALKER ◽  
K. S. SRIPRAKASH
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Diseases ◽  
Genetic Endowment ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tropical Australia

Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus) strains may express several distinct fibronectin-binding proteins (FBPs) which are considered as major streptococcal adhesins. Of the FBPs, SfbI was shown in vitro to promote internalization of the bacterium into host cells and has been implicated in persistence. In the tropical Northern Territory, where group A streptococcal infection is common, multiple genotypes of the organism were found among isolates from invasive disease cases and no dominant strains were observed. To determine whether any FBPs is associated with invasive disease propensity of S. pyogenes, we have screened streptococcal isolates from bacteraemic and necrotizing fasciitis patients and isolates from uncomplicated infections for genetic endowment of 4 FBPs. No difference was observed in the distribution of sfbII, fbp54 and sfbI between the blood isolates and isolates from uncomplicated infection. We conclude that the presence of sfbI does not appear to promote invasive diseases, despite its association with persistence. We also show a higher proportion of group A streptococcus strains isolated from invasive disease cases possess prtFII when compared to strains isolated from non-invasive disease cases. We suggest that S. pyogenes may recruit different FBPs for different purposes.

scholarly journals Phosphorylation of the Group A Streptococcal CovR Response Regulator Causes Dimerization and Promoter-Specific Recruitment by RNA Polymerase

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (13) ◽  
pp. 4620-4626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asiya A. Gusa ◽  
Jinxin Gao ◽  
Virginia Stringer ◽  
Gordon Churchward ◽  
June R. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Response Regulator ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
In Vitro Transcription ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT The group A streptococcus (GAS), Streptococcus pyogenes, is an important human pathogen that causes infections ranging in severity from self-limiting pharyngitis to severe invasive diseases that are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The pathogenic effects of GAS are mediated by the expression of virulence factors, one of which is the hyaluronic acid capsule (encoded by genes in the has operon). The expression of these virulence factors is controlled by the CovR/S (CsrR/S) two-component regulatory system of GAS which regulates, directly or indirectly, the expression of about 15% of the genome. CovR is a member of the OmpR/PhoB family of transcriptional regulators. Here we show that phosphorylation by acetyl phosphate results in dimerization of CovR. Dimerization was not observed using a D53A mutant of CovR, indicating that D53 is the site of phosphorylation in CovR. Phosphorylation stimulated binding of CovR to a DNA fragment containing the promoter of the has operon (Phas) approximately twofold. Binding of CovR D53A mutant protein to Phas was indistinguishable from the binding of wild-type unphosphorylated CovR. In vitro transcription, using purified GAS RNA polymerase, showed that wild-type CovR repressed transcription, and repression was stimulated more than sixfold by phosphorylation. In the presence of RNA polymerase, binding at Phas of phosphorylated, but not unphosphorylated, CovR was stimulated about fourfold, which accounts for the difference in the effect of phosphorylation on repression versus DNA binding. Thus, regulation of Phas by CovR is direct, and the degree of repression of Phas is controlled by the phosphorylation of CovR.

scholarly journals Streptococcal collagen‐like protein A and general stress protein 24 are immunomodulating virulence factors of group A Streptococcus

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 2633-2643 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Tsatsaronis ◽  
Andrew Hollands ◽  
Jason N. Cole ◽  
Peter G. Maamary ◽  
Christine M. Gillen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Stress Protein ◽  
General Stress ◽  
Group A
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