scholarly journals THE ROLE OF β, α1 AND α2-ADRENO RECEPTORS IN THE REGULATION OF THE HEART RATE OF LABORATORY ANIMALS EXPOSED TO VARIOUS MODES OF MOTOR ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
A.V. Shigapova ◽  
◽  
I.Kh. Vakhitov ◽  
R.S. Safin ◽  
I.R. Ibatullin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Pronounced Decrease ◽  
Motor Mode ◽  
First Time

For the first time, studies were conducted to study the features of the heart rate response of laboratory animals exposed to various modes of motor activity when administered with β, α1 and α2-blockers. It was found that in all the experimental groups of animals studied, a decrease in the heart rate response was observed in the first week after the introduction of β, α1 and α2-adreno blockers. It was revealed that the initial reaction of the heart rate on the introduction of β, α1 and α2-blockers depends on the level of motor activity of laboratory animals. It was found that the most pronounced decrease in the heart rate response to the introduction of different subtypes of adreno-blockers is observed in the group of animals with limited motor activity. At the same time, the smallest decrease in the heart rate response occurs in the group of animals subject to enhanced motor mode. It was revealed that in the group of experimental animals, during further muscle training, by the end of the fourth week, there was a less pronounced decrease in the heart rate response to the administration of β, α1 and α2-adreno blockers. It was found that in a group of animals subject to a regime of limited motor activity, by the end of the fourth week of hypokinesia, the most pronounced decrease in the heart rate response to the introduction of β, α1-targeted blockers occurs.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE REACTION OF THE HEART RATE OF LABORATORY ANIMALS EXPOSED TO VARIOUS MODES OF MOTOR ACTIVITY DURING ADMINISTRATION β, α1 AND α2-ADRENO STIMULANTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-311
Author(s):  
A.V. Shigapova ◽  
◽  
I.H. Vakhitov ◽  
R.H. Ravilov ◽  
A.H. Volkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

For the first time, studies have been conducted to study the features of the heart rate response of laboratory animals exposed to various modes of motor activity when administered β, α1 and α2-adrenostimulants. It was found that in animal’s subject to a regime of limited motor activity, i.e. hypokinesia, the heart rate response to the introduction of β and α1-adreno stimulators remains at a high level. It was revealed that the regime of systematic muscle training significantly contributes to the reduction of this reaction. It was found that in the process of systematic muscle training of animals, there is also a significant decrease in the heart rate response to the introduction of an α2-adrenostimulator. The hypokinesia mode keeps this reaction at a high level.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF A TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY ON CHANGES IN THE HEART RATE OF RATS SUBJECT TO VARIOUS MODES OF MOTOR ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3310-3315
Author(s):  
Bulat Ildarovich Vakhitov
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Age Related ◽  
First Time

For the first time, studies have been conducted to study the reaction of animal heart rate to various modes of motor activity after a traumatic brain injury. It was revealed that on the first day after modeling an open head injury in rats of all age groups, a pronounced increase in heart rate was observed. In this case, the smallest heart rate response to brain injury is observed in animals of immature age. It was found that the implementation of systematic dynamic exercises by animals of mature and preschool age after modeling a craniocerebral injury contributes to a significant decrease in heart rate. A more pronounced formation of training bradycardia is observed in immature animals. It was revealed that limiting motor activity and performing isometric exercises after a traumatic brain injury maintain heart rate at an increased level in all age groups of animals and significantly inhibits the natural, age-related decrease in heart rate in immature animals.

Effect of human galanin on the response of circulating catecholamines to hypoglycemia in man

1995 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ettore C degli Uberti ◽  
Maria R Ambrosio ◽  
Marta Bondanelli ◽  
Giorgio Transforini ◽  
Alberto Valentini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Receptor Stimulation

degli Uberti EC, Ambrosio MR, Bondanelli M, Trasforini G, Valentini A, Rossi R, Margutti A, Campo M. Effect of human galanin on the response of circulating catecholamines to hypoglycemia in man. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:723–8. ISSN 0804–4643 Human galanin (hGAL) is a neuropeptide with 30 amino acid residues that has been found in the peripheral and central nervous system, where it often co-exists with catecholamines. In order to clarify the possible role of hGAL in the regulation of sympathoadrenomedullary function, the effect of a 60 min infusion of hGAL (80 pmol·kg−1 · min−1) on plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in nine healthy subjects was investigated. Human GAL administration significantly reduced both the release of basal norepinephrine and the response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, whereas it attenuated the epinephrine response by 26%, with the hGAL-induced decrease in epinephrine release failing to achieve statistical significance. Human GAL significantly increased the heart rate in resting conditions and clearly exaggerated the heart rate response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, whereas it had no effect on the blood pressure. We conclude that GAL receptor stimulation exerts an inhibitory effect on basal and insulin-induced hypoglycemia-stimulated release of norepinephrine. These findings provide further evidence that GAL may modulate sympathetic nerve activity in man but that it does not play an important role in the regulation of adrenal medullary function. Ettore C degli Uberti, Chair of Endocrinology, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy

Central nervous system control of cardiorespiratory nasopharyngeal reflexes in the rabbit

1975 ◽  
Vol 228 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
S White ◽  
RJ McRitchie ◽  
PI Korner
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Cerebral Hemispheres ◽  
System Control ◽  
Controlled Ventilation ◽  
Cardiovascular Reflex ◽  
Respiratory Reflex ◽  
Central Nervous System Control

The role of different central nervous regions in the reflex apnea, bradycardia, and mesenteric vasoconstriction evoked by nasopharyngeal stimulation with cigarette smoke was examined in unanesthetized shamoperated, thalamic, and pontine rabbits with intact and sectioned carotid sinus and aortic nerves (CS and AN). Apnea occurred in all preparations. In pontine animals with intact CS and AN, the heart rate response was reduced but not the mesenteric vasoconstriction. The role of suprabulbar and bulbospinal regions became more apparent when individual components of the input profile were examined in animals with controlled ventilation. The bradycardia and mesenteric vasoconstriction evoked by apnea without smoke, but not by smoke without apnea, were reduced in pontine animals. Prior section of the CS and AN attenuated the response in all neural preparations but to the least extent when cerebral hemispheres were intact. The data indicate that the respiratory reflex is predominantly integrated at bulbospinal sites, but the cardiovascular reflex is integrated at both bulbospinal and suprabulbar sites, or is integrated at bulbospinal and modulated from suprabulbar sites.

Gestural Dimension of the Perceptuomotor Compatibility Effect in the Speech Domain

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Olivier ◽  
Didier Bottineau
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Compatibility Effect ◽  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Behavioral Study ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
First Time

This behavioral study shows for the first time that the auditory perception of vowels influences silent labial responses. During a perceptual decision task, participants were instructed to choose and execute a silent labial response (lip protrusion versus chin lowering) as quickly as possible depending on the vowel they had perceived auditorily. The main result showed that gestural compatibility between the silent labial response and the articulation of the perceived vowel led to better performance (in terms of response times and errors) than an incompatibility between them. By including a somatic compatibility effect in a more dynamic gestural compatibility effect, this new result suggests that the role of motor activity during speech auditory perception lies in mentally simulating an articulation of the perceived phoneme.

Maternal blood pressure and heart rate response to pelvic floor muscle training during pregnancy

2014 ◽  
Vol 93 (7) ◽  
pp. 678-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristine H. Ferreira ◽  
Luciane M.V. Naldoni ◽  
Juliana dos Santos Ribeiro ◽  
Maria Cristina C.C. Meirelles ◽  
Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Pelvic Floor Muscle Training ◽  
Pelvic Floor Muscle ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Maternal Blood Pressure

Role of the carotid bodies in the heart rate response to breath holding in man

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Gross ◽  
B. J. Whipp ◽  
J. T. Davidson ◽  
S. N. Koyal ◽  
K. Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Carotid Bodies ◽  
Normal Man

To investigate the role of the carotid bodies in regulating the bradycardia of breath holding in man, we studied heart rate (HR) responses to prolonged breath holding (BH) in five asymptomatic asthmatic patients whose carotid bodies had been resected (CBR). Seven normal subjects served as controls. BH experiments were randomly initiated with single breaths of 100%, 21%,or 12% 92. During BH with 21% O2, normal subjects displayed the typical bradycardia; this response, however, was attenuated with the other O2 concentrations. In contrast, the CBR subjects manifested BH tachycardia which was inversely proportional to the O2 tension. HR increased in be CBR group by 5%, 31%, and 45% during BH with 100%, 21%, and 12% O2, respectively. These results demonstrate that the bradycardia of BH in normal man is under the influence of the carotid bodies. During BH and in the absence of carotid bodies, an O2 tension-dependent tachycardia is unveiled.

scholarly journals Heartbeat-Evoked Cortical Potential during Sleep and Interoceptive Sensitivity: A Matter of Hypnotizability

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1089
Author(s):  
Lucia Billeci ◽  
Ugo Faraguna ◽  
Enrica L. Santarcangelo ◽  
Paola d’Ascanio ◽  
Maurizio Varanini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Cortical Potential ◽  
Interoceptive Awareness ◽  
Time Domains ◽  
Interoceptive Sensitivity ◽  
First Time

Individuals with different hypnotizability display different interoceptive sensitivity/awareness (IS) and accuracy (IA), likely sustained by morphofunctional differences in interoception-related brain regions and, thus, possibly also observable during sleep. We investigated the heartbeat-evoked cortical potential amplitude (HEP) during sleep, its association with IS, and the role of hypnotizability in such association. We performed a retrospective analysis of polysomnographic recordings of 39 healthy volunteers. Participants completed the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), measuring IS and IA, and underwent hypnotic assessment via the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale, form A. The amplitude of the early and late HEP components was computed at EEG frontal and central sites. In both regions, the early HEP component was larger in N3 than in N2 and REM, with no difference between N2 and REM. Greater HEP amplitude at frontal than at central sites was found for the late HEP component. HEP amplitudes were not influenced by the autonomic state assessed by heart rate variability in the frequency and time domains. We report for the first time a positive correlation between the central late HEP component and MAIA dimensions, which became non-significant after removing the effects of hypnotizability. Our findings indicate that hypnotizability sustains the correlation between IS and HEP amplitude during sleep.

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