scholarly journals Construction of the graph model for determining an ecological compatibility of a transportation process

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Olha Sakno ◽  
◽  
Ievgen Medvediev ◽  
Peter Eliseyev ◽  
Serhii Tsymbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Vehicle Systems ◽  
On The Road

Uncertainty of data during environmental monitoring prevents with confidently and objectively assessing the current condition of the environment, the influence of factors affecting the fuel consumption of vehicles during operation. In addition, it creates a serious problem in assessing the dynamics of this condition, especially when it comes to relatively small levels of pollution that are on the verge of the sensitivity of systems and devices in the car. It is precisely these tasks that include the determination of atmospheric pollution by emissions from road transport in conditions of variable weather and climatic conditions, carrying out routine maintenance, changing a configuration of an engine or transmission. The article discusses: a) factors related to the characteristics and vehicle systems, with the maintenance of vehicles. This category focuses on fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, which depend on the technical and operational characteristics of the vehicle, its weight and aerodynamics, tires and auxiliary systems, the quality and timeliness of maintenance and repairs; b) factors related to the environment and traffic conditions (weather conditions, road morphology and traffic conditions); c) factors related to a driver of a vehicle (driver qualifications, driving style). Optimization of factors related to vehicle systems and their characteristics has been performed; by using fuel of optimum quality and driving efficiently, you can achieve savings in fuel (financial) consumption and CO2 emissions. The article proposes the solution to a complex problem of managing the transport process while minimizing fuel consumption and CO2 emissions from passenger cars, depending on the road and climatic conditions and the driver's qualifications, based on the theory of fuzzy sets. This approach made it possible to largely compensate for the lack of objective information about the process due to its uncertainty by subjective expert data.

scholarly journals Sensor Data Fusion Using Mutual Information Algorithm

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Shabanian ◽  
Seyed Hadi Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Information ◽  
Data Fusion ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Hybrid Algorithm ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Traffic Flow Prediction ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Flow Prediction ◽  
On The Road

Traffic flow prediction is one of the congestion avoidance methods in highways. According to previous studies, no comprehensive model has been proposed for traffic flow prediction which can prevent congestion in many different traffic conditions. Using data fusion to reduce prediction error is an interesting idea to solve this problem. In this paper, a new hybrid algorithm based on mutual information for traffic flow prediction will be proposed and compared with various types of previous hybrid algorithms and predictors. The Mutual Information (MI) algorithm is used to calculate the interdependency of data, so we expect this new hybrid algorithm to have high precision in comparison with others. Simulations will be implemented based on real data in MATLAB environment as a performance demonstration of new hybrid algorithm. Due to variety of traffic flow, performance investigations of our new hybrid algorithm will be done in presence of polluted traffic data in different climatic conditions such as rain/snow fall or other traffic conditions like congestions and accidents on the road, indicating robustness of this algorithm to different types of noisy data

scholarly journals Determination of engine oil change interval for patrol engines based on actual operating time

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-285
Author(s):  
A. A. Abakarov ◽  
Sh. M. Igitov ◽  
Ali A. Abakarov
Keyword(s):  
Operating Time ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Gasoline Engines ◽  
On The Road

Introduction. This paper shows the results of a study of the frequency of maintenance of passenger cars in various operating conditions, and provides recommendations for replacing the engine oil of gasoline engines (category SN classification according to API) according to the actual engine operating time (moto-hours). The service book of passenger cars contains the regulations for car maintenance with a list of operations that must be performed. The oil change intervals specified in the Regulations on Maintenance and Repair of Rolling Stock of motor Transport and the factory instructions do not take into account the specifics of the operation of vehicles. Depending on the road and climatic conditions and the operating mode, the standard maintenance schedule can be adjusted, in particular, the frequency of engine oil changes. The scientific novelty of the work is to determine the intervals of car maintenance for specific operating conditions.Materials and methods. The paper presents an analysis of Russian and foreign car maintenance systems, in particular, the oil change intervals of gasoline engines in European countries, the United States and Japan.The results of operational and resource tests of motor oils of gasoline engines carried out by methods of measuring their physical and chemical properties are presented.Results. In this paper, based on the analysis of the problem, recommendations for changing oil in gasoline engines by motorcycle hours for the conditions of the Republic of Dagestan (RD) are developed.The use of external and built-in technical means for calculating the motor hours allows you to determine the recommended oil change interval.Discussion and conclusion. In this paper, on the basis of research on a certain number of vehicles operating in various (including difficult) conditions, recommendations are developed that allow you to determine the rules of car maintenance for various operating conditions.

Automatic Gear Shift Unit

2009 ◽  
Vol 147-149 ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Jantos ◽  
Krzysztof Prażnowski ◽  
Jarosław Mamala
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Gear Ratio ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Electronic Throttle ◽  
Gear Shift ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Important Benefit ◽  
Start Process

Automatization of gear shift and number selection in passenger cars with stepped transmission result in improvement of driving safety due to concentration of driver’s attention on the conditions of the traffic [1, 3]. Besides, the car can be used by a disabled person. The most important benefit of the projected solution is associated with reduction in fuel consumption resulting from the more economical selection of the transmission ratio [4, 5, 7]. The gear number choice depends on many factors, for example: traffic conditions, temporum vehicle and engine rotational speed as well as engine load. It is very often the case that even a driver with experience can face problems with optimal decisions. Automatically controlled system with suitable algorithm can reduce fuel consumption and improve the vehicle drivability. The system named MeGSS (Mechatronic Gear Shift System) has been developed for this purpose. It was subsequently tested in a passenger car equipped with five-step gear box. In the car the MeGSS is responsible for engine start process and the gear shift procedure. In this system the manual (M) and automatic (A) gear ratio control is possible. The gear shift procedure is connected with electronic throttle control algorithm, which promote smooth power transmission [2, 6].

scholarly journals CO2 control by means of the increased penetration of diesel passenger cars in Finland

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-182
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Passenger Car

One efficient way to control the CO2 emissions from the transport sector is the replacement of gasoline passenger cars by Diesel ones, which emit less CO2. This can be more effective in Finland, where the Diesel penetration is only 13.6%, which is very low compared to the other member countries of the European Union. The benefit in CO2 emitted from the new passenger cars is studied in the case of an increased Diesel penetration in this country, after several scenarios using the current and estimated future passenger car registrations and the fuel consumption. The results show that, in the case of new passenger cars, a CO2 benefit of more than 2.6% can be achieved, if a Diesel penetration higher than 30% occurs in the case of the current fleet. If the penetration reaches 50%, this benefit reaches 5.9%. Future total CO2 emissions from transport sector will increase significantly and can be partially controlled by the introduction of Diesel passenger cars or the replacement of heavy passenger cars by lighter ones.

scholarly journals Assessment of Petrol and Natural Gas Vehicle Carbon Oxides Emissions in the Laboratory and On-Road Tests

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1631
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Lejda ◽  
Artur Jaworski ◽  
Maksymilian Mądziel ◽  
Krzysztof Balawender ◽  
Adam Ustrzycki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Carbon Oxides ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Used Cars ◽  
Natural Gas Vehicle

The problem of global warming and the related climate change requires solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, in particular CO2. As a result, newly manufactured cars consume less fuel and emit lower amounts of CO2. In terms of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption, old cars are significantly inferior to the more recent models. In Poland, for instance, the average age of passenger cars is approximately 13 years. Therefore, apart from developing new solutions in the cars produced today, it is important to focus on measures that enable the reduction in CO2 emissions in older vehicles. These methods include the adaptation of used cars to run on gaseous fuels. Natural gas is a hydrocarbon fuel that is particularly preferred in terms of CO2 emissions. The article presents the results of research of carbon oxides emission (CO, CO2) in the exhaust gas of a passenger car fueled by petrol and natural gas. The emissions were measured under the conditions of the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) test and in real road tests. The test results confirm that compared to petrol, a CNG vehicle allows for a significant reduction in CO2 and CO emissions in a car that is several years old, especially in urban traffic conditions.

scholarly journals Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of passenger cars over the New Worldwide Harmonized Test Protocol

2016 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 1152-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Tsokolis ◽  
S. Tsiakmakis ◽  
A. Dimaratos ◽  
G. Fontaras ◽  
P. Pistikopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Test Protocol

PERSONALIZED APPROACH TO THE ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH WEATHER DEPENDENCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Klepikov O.V. ◽  
Kolyagina N.M. ◽  
Berezhnova T.A. ◽  
Kulintsova Ya.V.
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Pathological Effect ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Personalized Approach

Relevance. Today, in preventive medicine, climatic conditions that have a pathological effect on the functional state of a person are increasingly being updated. the occurrence of exacerbations of many diseases can be causally associated with various weather conditions. Aim: to develop the main tasks for improving the organization of medical care for weather-dependent patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system. Material and methods. The assessment of personnel, material and technical support and the main performance indicators of an outpatient clinic was carried out on the example of the Voronezh city polyclinic No. 18 to develop the main tasks for improving the organization of medical care for weather-dependent patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system. Results. The main personnel problem is the low staffing of district therapists and specialists of a narrow service. One of the priorities for reducing the burden on medical hospitals is the organization of inpatient replacement medical care on the basis of outpatient clinics. The indicators for the implementation of state guarantees for the outpatient network for 2018, which were fully implemented, are given. The analysis of the planned load performance by polyclinic specialists is presented. Cardiological and neurological services carry out measures to reduce the risk of exacerbations of diseases with cerebral atherosclerosis, hypertension, and major neurological nosologies. Conclusion. Improving the organization of medical care for weather-dependent patients with cardiovascular diseases are: informing patients about the sources of specialized medical weather forecasts in the region, organizing the work of the medical prevention office, implementing an interdepartmental approach to providing health care to the most vulnerable groups of the population.

Peculiarities of the course of the postpartum period in domestic reindeer females, its morphophysiology and behavioral reactions in the North-East of Russia (Republic of Sakha)

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
V. Fedorov ◽  
E. Sleptsov ◽  
K. Plemyashov
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Behavioral Reactions ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Mountain Taiga

A growth in the number of deer and an increase in their productivity are closely related to the solution of the complex problem of reproduction and rational use of deer females. Significant damage to reindeer husbandry is caused by the barrenness of northern domestic deer, the level of which has been quite high in recent years. So, in the Republic of Sakha, on 01.01.2020, the number of domesticated reindeer was 152,068, of which female deer and heifers — 71,818, offspring per 100 females — 59, business yield amounted to 52 fawns per 100 females. The causes of infertility are very diverse, as the natural and climatic conditions of the breeding zones have a significant influence on the reproductive function of reindeer. In Yakutia, the main population of northern domestic deer is bred in mountain taiga and tundra natural-climatic zones, so there are about 55 thousand deer in the mountain taiga zone and more than 65 thousand deer in the tundra zone. In this regard, the study of the peculiarities of the postpartum period course in domestic reindeer females, its morphophysiology, and behavioral reactions depending on the natural and climatic conditions of breeding is of great importance.

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