scholarly journals EYES CANNOT SEE WHAT THE BRAIN DOES NOT KNOW

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisyah Amirah binti Mohd Zahari ◽  
Firdaus Ujang

Background: Intraocular foreign body (IOFB) is a common ocular trauma and is a leading cause of visual impairment. Majority of the cases reported the occurrence at the workplace and usually related to activities involving metallic objects. Hammering, drilling, explosion and usage of machining tools are among the causes of IOFB. Foreign body in the angle are frequently missed as it is not visualised directly during a routine examination. Thus, a thorough examination which includes gonioscopy and imaging must be done in all penetrating and full thickness cornea laceration cases. Purpose: We report a case of self-sealed full thickness cornea laceration with presence of metal foreign body in the angle. Method: Case Report Result: A 19 year-old boy, presented with right eye discomfort following trauma 1 week prior to presentation. Examination revealed a self-sealed full thickness cornea laceration at 1-2 o’clock with a foreign body found seated on the angle from gonioscopy. A foreign body consist of metal had successfully removed surgically with the facilitation of intraocular magnet. Conclusion: All self-sealed penetrating injury to the eye required a high index of suspicious of intraocular foreign body. An imaging and complete examination with dilated fundus examination and gonioscopy will be helpful to identify the location of foreign body. Hence, definitive treatment will prevent long term complication related to intraocular foreign body.

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
Luiz Coutinho Dias Filho ◽  
Alex Caetano de Barros ◽  
Marina Félix da Mota

AbstractCranial stabbing injuries penetrating the brain are not commonly encountered. The cases in which the knife is retained constitute a challenge to the neurosurgeon. When a long-term permanence occurs, the reaction to the presence of the foreign body causes adherence to the nervous tissue and a higher risk is expected from the removal. The procedure should be performed with meticulous dissection and minimal oscillation of the blade thus avoiding damage to the adjacent structures. We report a case of a man who remained three years with a knife blade deeply lodged in the brain. After obtaining informed consent, the blade was removed; there were no postoperative complications. To our knowledge, this is the first case in which, after years of permanence, a knife blade was removed from the brain through a craniotomy.


2020 ◽  
Vol 259 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-268
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Anguita ◽  
René Moya ◽  
Victor Saez ◽  
Gaurav Bhardwaj ◽  
Alejandro Salinas ◽  
...  

Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (39) ◽  
pp. e1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Zhu ◽  
Pingyu Shen ◽  
Hong Lu ◽  
Chixin Du ◽  
Jianqin Shen ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awwadh Al-Thowaibi ◽  
Mohan Kumar ◽  
Ibrahim Al-Matani

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seongjun Park ◽  
Hyunwoo Yuk ◽  
Ruike Zhao ◽  
Yeong Shin Yim ◽  
Eyob W. Woldeghebriel ◽  
...  

AbstractTo understand the underlying mechanisms of progressive neurophysiological phenomena, neural interfaces should interact bi-directionally with brain circuits over extended periods of time. However, such interfaces remain limited by the foreign body response that stems from the chemo-mechanical mismatch between the probes and the neural tissues. To address this challenge, we developed a multifunctional sensing and actuation platform consisting of multimaterial fibers intimately integrated within a soft hydrogel matrix mimicking the brain tissue. These hybrid devices possess adaptive bending stiffness determined by the hydration states of the hydrogel matrix. This enables their direct insertion into the deep brain regions, while minimizing tissue damage associated with the brain micromotion after implantation. The hydrogel hybrid devices permit electrophysiological, optogenetic, and behavioral studies of neural circuits with minimal foreign body responses and tracking of stable isolated single neuron potentials in freely moving mice over 6 months following implantation.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Zhang ◽  
Alia Alameri ◽  
Jean-Pierre Clement ◽  
Andy Ng ◽  
Timothy E Kennedy ◽  
...  

Brain implants are increasingly used to treat neurological disorders and diseases. However, the brain foreign body response (FBR) elicited by implants affects neuro-electrical transduction and long-term reliability limiting their clinical adoption. The mismatch in Young's modulus between silicon implants (~180 GPa) and brain tissue (~1-30 kPa) exacerbates the FBR resulting in the development of flexible implants from polymers such as polyimide (~1.5-2.5 GPa). However, a stiffness mismatch of at least two orders of magnitude remains. Here, we introduce (i) the first mechanically matched brain implant (MMBI) made from silicone (~20 kPa), (ii) new microfabrication methods, and (iii) a novel dissolvable sugar shuttle to reliably implant MMBIs. MMBIs were fabricated via vacuum-assisted molding using sacrificial sugar molds and were then encased in sugar shuttles that dissolved within 2 min after insertion into rat brains. Sections of rat neocortex implanted with MMBIs, PDMS implants, and silicon implants were analyzed by immunohistochemistry 3 and 9-weeks post-implantation. MMBIs resulted in significantly higher neuronal density and lower FBR within 50 μm of the tissue-implant interface compared to PDMS and silicon implants suggesting that materials mechanically matched to brain further minimize the FBR and could contribute to better implant functionality and long-term reliability.


Author(s):  
U.S. Fayzieva ◽  
◽  
M.D. Gulyamova ◽  
O.I. Ikramov ◽  
◽  
...  

Purpose. To study the clinical efficacy of the long-term results of a step-by-step method of surgical treatment of open eye trauma complicated by the presence of the intraocular foreign body (IFB) in the posterior segment, including primary surgical treatment (PST) and delayed vitreoretinal surgery with IFB extraction within 24 hours after PST. Material and methods. The clinical efficacy of delayed IFB removal within 2 years was studied in 32 eyes with open trauma of the eyeball complicated by the presence of IFB in the posterior segment. Concomitant traumatic complications included partial hemophthalmos (84.4%) and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) (59.4%). Results. By the end of 2 years of follow-up, the anatomical effect was observed in all examined 21 eyes, including 15 eyes (71.4%) with hemophthalmos and 13 eyes (61.9%) with traumatic retinal detachment. In this case, recurrence of RD occurred in 7 eyes, post-traumatic traction RD- in 3 eyes. Functional effect with improved visual acuity was in 12 eyes (57.1%). At the same time, the MCVA was 0.3±0.05 (0.15–0.5). Conclusion. The presented method made it possible to achieve a stable anatomical effect and stable functional results, even in the presence of severe trauma complicated by total hemophthalmos and retinal detachment, in the long term. Key words: open eyeball injury, intraocular foreign body, primary surgical treatment, transvitreal intraocular foreign body extraction, post-traumatic traction retinal detachment.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Huang ◽  
Zi Ye ◽  
Zhaohui Li

Abstract Background Ocular siderosis is induced by a retained intraocular foreign body (IOFB) containing iron and can present as siderotic glaucoma. We report a rare case of histopathologically proven siderotic glaucoma in a middle-aged blacksmith with a preceding history of ocular trauma but no radiologically detectable IOFB. Case presentation A 42-year-old blacksmith presented with an elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) in left eye showing iris heterochromia and brownish deposits throughout the trabecular meshwork (TM). Preoperative ophthalmic examination did not reveal any retained IOFBs. Electroretinography showed the classic changes of retinal degeneration in ocular siderosis. Histopathologic staining of the TM verified the presence of iron deposits. Conclusion This case underlines the importance of the close monitoring of patients with a history of ocular trauma and highlights the necessity of electroretinography, histopathologic study, and detailed ophthalmic examination in the diagnosis of siderotic glaucoma, even if there is no definite radiologically detectable IOFB.


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