scholarly journals Consumer behavior towards pharmaceutical services: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 326-340
Author(s):  
Helena Hiemisch Lobo Borba ◽  
Denise Maria Woranovicz Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Pharmaceutical Services ◽  
Marketing Plan ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Country Study ◽  
Population Concept

The present study aimed to map the evidence on consumer’s behavior towards pharmaceutical services. A scoping review based on the PCC (Population, Concept, and Context) mnemonic was conducted in Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science. Population included consumers of pharmaceutical services, the concept referred to marketing/consumer behavior and the context to pharmaceutical services. Electronic searches were held on December 2019. Studies published in non-roman characters were excluded. A qualitative synthesis of the data extracted from included studies (i.e. author, country, study design, aims, patient/consumer profile, pharmaceutical services, marketing strategy, data analysis, conclusion) was performed. Electronic searches retrieved 1,215 articles that were screened by titles and abstracts. Of these, 31 studies were fully appraised, of which five fulfilled the inclusion criteria. One record was identified through manual search, totaling six included articles. All studies occurred within the scope of community pharmacy. The studies show that most consumers seek pharmacist’s orientation regarding over-the-counter drugs. Also, despite the expectations concerning pharmaceutical services, consumers exhibit distrust in pharmacists’ competence, which may hamper the seeking for pharmaceutical services. Hence, a marketing plan involving the knowledge of consumer's value along with the recognition of the consumer needs should be considered. Through this scoping review the available evidence on consumer’s behavior towards pharmaceutical services was mapped, elucidating consumer’s perceptions that motivate or prevent the seek for such services in the context of community pharmacies.

scholarly journals Individualized Research Consultations in Academic Libraries: A Scoping Review of Practice and Evaluation Methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Fournier ◽  
Lindsey Sikora
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction – Librarians in academic institutions have been providing personalized services to the student population by offering individualized research consultations (IRC) for decades. These consultations usually consume many hours of librarians’ busy schedules, and yet the impact of these consultations is unknown. Therefore, it’s worth asking the question: what assessment methods have been used in academic libraries to evaluate the impact of IRC? Methods – A retrospective scoping review of the literature was performed using the following databases: Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA), Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), Library and Information Technology Abstracts (LISTA), Scopus, and Web of Science. Additionally, a manual search of the included papers reference lists was conducted to locate additional relevant papers. Articles that mentioned a format of evaluation or assessment and were based within a library setting were included. Articles that discussed group instruction that were not in a library setting, or that did not include any form of evaluation or assessment, were excluded. Results – Researchers located 578 articles and reviewed titles and abstracts. 523 titles were eliminated, while full text sources of the remaining 55 were examined to check inclusion and exclusion criteria. 20 articles remained for qualitative synthesis. Specific methods of assessment were reviewed and three overall assessment methods were identified: 1) usage statistics, 2) survey, and 3) objective quantitative methods. Conclusion – Many articles using a usage statistics method stated that they wanted to further their assessment of individual consultations. Several authors using a survey method described the value of the information gathered by surveying their users for improving their service, but also mentioned that this method is subjective in nature. They mentioned that objective assessment methods would provide a better understanding of the impact of IRCs. The few articles using objective quantitative methods obtained mixed results. Overall, more research in the assessment of IRCs is needed, particularly those with objective quantitative methods.

A Scoping Review of Interventions Aimed at Improving Knowledge, Detection Practices and Management of Dementia among Health Professionals (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Krishna Prasad Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Improving Health Care

BACKGROUND Health professionals (HPs) play a key role in dementia management and detection. However, there is a gap in the literature as to what represents best practice with regard to educating HPs to improve their dementia detection practices and management. OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review is to synthesize the aggregated studies aimed at improving health care knowledge, detection practices and management of dementia among HPs. METHODS We searched electronically published relevant articles with inclusion criteria; (1) intervention studies aimed at improving HPs practices concerning dementia care and (2) educational interventions focused on nurses and doctors’ knowledge, detection practice and management of dementia. Twenty-five articles fit the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Collaborative programs of practice based workshops, interactive learning activities with community and multi-faced educational program were the most effective. CONCLUSIONS HPs should be supported to improve their knowledge, tackle behavioural problems associated with dementia, be made aware of services and be enabled to engage in more early diagnosis. CLINICALTRIAL no applicable

Interventions to optimise medication prescribing and adherence in older people with cancer: A systematic scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i23-i24
Author(s):  
M Murphy ◽  
K Bennett ◽  
S Ryan ◽  
C Hughes ◽  
A Lavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Medication Prescribing ◽  
Broad Overview

Abstract Introduction Older adults with cancer often require multiple medications (polypharmacy) comprising cancer-specific treatments, supportive care medications (e.g. analgesics) and medications for pre-existing conditions. The reported prevalence of polypharmacy in older adults with cancer ranges from 13–92% (1). Increasing numbers of medications pose risks of potentially inappropriate prescribing and medication non-adherence. Aim The aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview of evaluations of interventions to optimise medication prescribing and/or adherence in older adults with cancer, with a particular focus on the interventions, study populations and outcome measures that have been assessed in previous evaluations. Methods Four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO) were searched from inception to 29th November 2019 using relevant search terms (e.g. cancer, older adults, prescribing, adherence). Eligible studies evaluated interventions seeking to improve medication prescribing and/or adherence in older adults (≥65 years) with an active cancer diagnosis using a comparative evaluation (e.g. inclusion of a control group). All outcomes for studies that met inclusion criteria were included in the review. Two reviewers independently screened relevant abstracts for inclusion and performed data extraction. As a scoping review aims to provide a broad overview of existing literature, formal assessments of methodological quality of included studies were not undertaken. Extracted data were collated using tables and accompanying narrative descriptive summaries. The review was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines (2). Results The electronic searches yielded 21,136 citations (Figure 1). Nine studies met inclusion criteria. Included studies consisted of five randomised controlled trials (RCTs), including one cluster RCT, and four before-and-after study designs. Studies were primarily conducted in oncology clinics, ranging from single study sites to 109 oncology clinics. Sample sizes ranged from 33 to 4844 patients. All studies had a sample population with a mean/median age of ≥65 years, however, only two studies focused specifically on older populations. Interventions most commonly involved patient education (n=6), and were delivered by pharmacists or nurses. Five studies referred to the intervention development process and no studies reported any theoretical underpinning. Three studies reported on prescribing-related outcomes and seven studies reported on adherence-related outcomes, using different terminology and a range of assessments. Prescribing-related outcomes comprised assessments of medication appropriateness (using Beers criteria), drug-related problems and drug interactions. Adherence-related outcomes included assessments of self-reported medication adherence and calculation of patients’ medication possession ratio. Conclusion The main strength of this scoping review is that it provides a broad overview of the existing literature on interventions aimed at optimising medication prescribing and adherence in older adults with cancer. The review highlights a lack of robust studies specifically targeting this patient population and limited scope to pool outcome data across included studies. Limitations of the review were that searches were restricted to English language publications and no grey literature was searched. Future research should focus specifically on older patients with cancer, and exercise rigour during intervention development, evaluation and reporting in order to generate findings that could inform future practice. References 1. Maggiore RJ, Gross CP, Hurria A. Polypharmacy in older adults with cancer. The oncologist. 2010;15(5):507–22. 2. Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, O'Brien KK, Colquhoun H, Levac D, et al. PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Ann Intern Med. 2018;169(7):467–73.

scholarly journals Methods Used and Application of the Mouse Grimace Scale in Biomedical Research 10 Years On: A Scoping Review

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Whittaker ◽  
Yifan Liu ◽  
Timothy H. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Wide Range

The Mouse Grimace Scale (MGS) was developed 10 years ago as a method for assessing pain through the characterisation of changes in five facial features or action units. The strength of the technique is that it is proposed to be a measure of spontaneous or non-evoked pain. The time is opportune to map all of the research into the MGS, with a particular focus on the methods used and the technique’s utility across a range of mouse models. A comprehensive scoping review of the academic literature was performed. A total of 48 articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The MGS has been employed mainly in the evaluation of acute pain, particularly in the pain and neuroscience research fields. There has, however, been use of the technique in a wide range of fields, and based on limited study it does appear to have utility for pain assessment across a spectrum of animal models. Use of the method allows the detection of pain of a longer duration, up to a month post initial insult. There has been less use of the technique using real-time methods and this is an area in need of further research.

scholarly journals Trapped Between Two Pandemics: Domestic Violence Cases Under COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2110221
Author(s):  
Endurance Uzobo ◽  
Aboluwaji D Ayinmoro
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Biomed Central ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Background As it is common with the most devastating events in the world, women always seem to be at the most disadvantage position. This situation manifested during the period of COVID-19 lockdown throughout the world and Africa in particular. The purpose of this study is to explore Domestic Violence (DV) cases in African during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods Data for this study were gleaned from an electronic literature search using various databases PubMed and BioMed Central, Web of Science, etc. Key search words were gender DV during and after COVID-19. A total of 68 records were identified during the search. However, only 46 of these sources met the inclusion criteria. Results From the review done in selected African countries which include Egypt, South Africa, Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana and Zimbabwe; it was discovered that COVID-19 lockdown across these countries worsens the already existing cases of DV. The study also noted that generally, the response of the government has been very poor in terms of dealing with DV cases in the period of COVID-19 lockdown. Conclusion The study concluded that despite the failures of government in tackling the DV pandemics, NGOs have been very active in championing the cause of those violated while also trying to provide succour to victims. Thus, the study recommended that countries in Africa need to join international initiatives in prioritising DV cases while trying to deal with the virus itself. Thus, one disease should not be traded for another.

Psychosocial Interventions Situated Within the Natural Environment with Young People Who Have Experienced Trauma: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Boddy ◽  
Maddy Slattery ◽  
Jianqiang Liang ◽  
Hilary Gallagher ◽  
Amanda Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Database Search ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Clinical Change ◽  
Social Work Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The natural environment is increasingly used in therapeutic psychosocial interventions for young people who have experienced trauma. However, as the research in this area has yet to be synthesised, very little is known about the types and outcomes of interventions. This prevents the optimisation of social work interventions in outdoor settings. Consequently, a scoping review of peer-reviewed research published from 2008 to 2018 was undertaken to examine how nature is being used in psychosocial interventions with young people aged ten to twenty-four years who have experienced trauma and the impact of these interventions on young people’s mental health. The database search identified 5,425 records; however, only ten papers met the inclusion criteria. These papers suggested that positive changes across a range of mental health outcomes for young people were achieved in psychosocial interventions which were situated in, or made use of the natural environment, although it is unclear whether the environment influenced the outcomes. The scoping review also highlighted the need for conducting further research that examines how environmental factors contribute to clinical change for young people who have experienced trauma.

scholarly journals Reasonable adjustments for people with intellectual disability in acute care: a scoping review of the evidence

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e039647
Author(s):  
Mairead Moloney ◽  
Therese Hennessy ◽  
Owen Doody
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Acute Care Setting ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Health Service Provision ◽  
Acute Care Settings ◽  
Fair Access

ObjectivesPeople with intellectual disability are vulnerable in terms of health service provision due to increased comorbidity, higher dependency and cognitive impairment. This review explored the literature to ascertain what reasonable adjustments are evident in acute care to support people with intellectual disability, ensuring they have fair access and utilisation of health services.DesignScoping review.SettingAcute care settings.MethodsFive databases were systematically searched to identify studies that reported on the implementation of reasonable adjustments. Authors worked in pairs to screen studies for inclusion, data were extracted and charted and findings were synthesised according to content and themes.ResultsOf the 7770 records identified, six studies were included in the review. The volume of evidence was influenced by specific inclusion criteria, and only papers that reported on the actual implementation of a reasonable adjustment within an acute care setting were included. Many papers reported on the concept of reasonable adjustment; however, few identified its applications in practice.ConclusionsThe scoping review highlights a lack of research on the practice and implementation of reasonable adjustments within acute care settings. There is a need for increased support, education and the provision of intellectual disability specialists across acute care settings.

A Review of the Benefits and Barriers to Postsecondary Education for Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

2021 ◽  
pp. 002246692110133
Author(s):  
Chung Eun Lee ◽  
Julie Lounds Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Program Engagement

Postsecondary educational programs (PSEs) are increasingly an option for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). This scoping review synthesized research to understand the impacts of these programs for students with IDD and for campus, and barriers to these programs across stages of engagement (exploration, participation, completion). Studies were identified by searching PubMed, PsycINFO, ERIC, and Web of Science databases and reference lists of included articles. Twenty-one studies met inclusion criteria. Multiple benefits were identified for students with IDD and campus. Persistent barriers across all stages of program engagement included lack of funding and lack of collaboration. Barriers specific to stages included lack of knowledge, options, individualized support, integration into campus, and transportation. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

School Administrators and Physical Educators: A Scoping Review of Perceptions and Partnerships From 2000 to 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 105268462199061
Author(s):  
Scott McNamara ◽  
Matthew Townsley ◽  
Kelly Hangauer
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Full Inclusion ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Perceptions Of School

Physical education (PE) is an academic subject that delivers students a standards-based program designed to foster the knowledge and skills needed to be physically active for a lifetime. Although there is a dearth of research that has examined school administrators’ perceptions and interactions with PE, it has been reported that school administrators often are a barrier that disrupts effective PE programming. This study aimed to conduct a scoping review of the literature to capture a comprehensive view of the peer-reviewed research that has focused on physical educators’ collaboration with and perceptions of school administrators, and literature related to school administrators’ collaboration and perceptions of physical educators. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist guided this investigation. Seven databases were searched, and 29 articles met the full inclusion criteria. This scoping review provides a comprehensive overview of the evidence and research trends; nonetheless, the heterogeneity of the studies and limited literature on this topic make it difficult to form any substantial conclusions. The need for additional research is especially true for research examining PE teachers’ perceptions and interactions with school administrators, as only three of the identified studies in this review focused on this topic. The recognition of these gaps in the literature may be important to the fields of educational leadership and PE, as it may lead to more concerted efforts to examine how these fields interact and how they can collaborate more effectively.

scholarly journals Safety assessment of essential medicines for elderly people: a bibliographic survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Rossi Varallo ◽  
Fernanda Mariana de Oliveira ◽  
Patrícia de Carvalho Mastroianni
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Manual Search

Certain medicines are considered potentially inappropriate (PIM) for elderly people as they increase the risk of adverse drug events (ADE) and because safer alternative therapies are available on the market. In this context, in order to identify the instruments that assess the quality of medical prescriptions for elderly and to determine which drugs are considered PIM, a bibliographic survey was conducted in PUBMED, LILACS and PAHO databases, in February and March/2010. The search strategy included the use of health descriptors and a manual search in the references cited by selected papers. During the period of data collection, 15 instruments were identified. In 2012, with the publication of the update of Beers criteria, this instrument was included in the study. We identified 163 PIM of 25 therapeutic classes, of which 125 (76.7%) are marketed in Brazil. Of these, 31 (24.8%) are essential medicines (RENAME 2012), of which 13 have safer therapeutic equivalents and 19 (15.2%) are over-the-counter drugs. Data suggest the need for inclusion of safer alternatives for the elderly in the national list of essential medicines and the pharmaceutical care for early detection of ADE in this age group, in order to contribute to the safe use of medicines.

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