scholarly journals Vertebral artery aneurysms and the risk of cord infarction following spinal artery coverage during flow diversion

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Adam A. Dmytriw ◽  
Anish Kapadia ◽  
Alejandro Enriquez-Marulanda ◽  
Carmen Parra-Fariñas ◽  
Anna Luisa Kühn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Flow Diverter ◽  
Thromboembolic Complication ◽  
Flow Diversion ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Aneurysm Occlusion ◽  
Aneurysm Diameter ◽  
Flow Diverters

OBJECTIVECoverage of the anterior spinal artery (ASA) ostia is a source of considerable consternation regarding flow diversion (FD) in vertebral artery (VA) aneurysms due to cord supply. The authors sought to assess the association between coverage of the ASA, posterior spinal artery (PSA), or lateral spinal artery (LSA) ostia when placing flow diverters in distal VAs and clinical outcomes, with emphasis on cord infarction.METHODSA multicenter retrospective study of 7 institutions in which VA aneurysms were treated with FD between 2011 and 2019 was performed. The authors evaluated the risk of ASA and PSA/LSA occlusion, associated thromboembolic complication, complications overall, aneurysm occlusion status, and functional outcome.RESULTSSixty patients with 63 VA and posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms treated with FD were identified. The median aneurysm diameter was 7 mm and fusiform type was the commonest morphology (42.9%). During a procedure, 1 (61.7%) or 2 (33.3%) flow diverters were placed. Complete occlusion was achieved in 71.9%. Symptomatic thromboembolic complications occurred in 7.4% of cases and intracranial hemorrhage in 10.0% of cases. The ASA and PSA/LSA were identified in 51 (80.9%) and 35 (55.6%) complications and covered by the flow diverter in 29 (56.9%) and 13 (37.1%) of the procedures, respectively. Patency after flow diverter coverage on last follow-up was 89.2% for ASA and 100% for PSA/LSA, not significantly different between covered and noncovered groups (p = 0.5 and p > 0.99, respectively). No complications arose from coverage.CONCLUSIONSFD aneurysm treatment in the posterior circulation with coverage of ASA or PSA/LSA was not associated with higher rates of occlusion of these branches or any instances of cord infarction.

Endovascular Treatment of Bilateral Intracranial Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysms Presenting With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. ons75-ons81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Sam Shin ◽  
Byung Moon Kim ◽  
Se-Hyuk Kim ◽  
Sang Hyun Suh ◽  
Chang Woo Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Stent Insertion ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Endovascular Methods ◽  
Dissecting Aneurysms

Abstract BACKGROUND: Optimal management of bilateral vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms (bi-VDAs) causing subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the treatment methods and outcomes of bi-VDA causing SAH. METHODS: Seven patients were treated endovascularly for bi-VDA causing SAH. Treatment methods and outcomes were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: Two patients were treated with 2 overlapping stents for both ruptured and unruptured VDAs, 2 with 2 overlapping stents and coiling for ruptured VDA and with conservative treatment for unruptured VDA, 1 with internal trapping (IT) for ruptured VDA and stent-assisted coiling for unruptured VDA, 1 with IT for ruptured VDA and 2 overlapping stents for unruptured VDA, and 1 with IT for ruptured VDA and a single stent for unruptured VDA. None had rebleeding during follow-up (range, 15-48 months). All patients had favorable outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score, 0-2). On follow-up angiography at 6 to 36 months, 9 treated and 2 untreated VDAs revealed stable or improved state, whereas 3 VDAs in 2 patients showed regrowth. Of the 3 recurring VDAs, 1 was initially treated with IT but recurred owing to retrograde flow to the ipsilateral posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), the second was treated with single stent but enlarged, and the last was treated with 2 overlapping stents and coiling but recurred from the remnant sac harboring the PICA origin. All 3 recurred VDAs were retreated with coiling with or without stent insertion. CONCLUSION: Bilateral VDAs presenting with SAH were safely treated with endovascular methods. However, endovascular treatment may be limited for VDAs with PICA origin involvement.

scholarly journals The use of flow diverters to treat aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery: Report of three cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pervinder Bhogal ◽  
Jorge Chudyk ◽  
Carlos Bleise ◽  
Ivan Lylyk ◽  
Hans Henkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Option ◽  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Endovascular Coiling ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Unruptured Aneurysms ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Flow Diverters

Objective The objective of this study was to report our experience on the use of flow diverting stents placed within the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) as a treatment option for aneurysms of the PICA. Methods Three patients with aneurysms of the PICA, both ruptured and unruptured, underwent treatment of their aneurysms with placement of a single flow diverter in the PICA across the neck of the aneurysm. Adjunctive techniques such as coiling were not used. We present the angiographic and clinical follow-up data. Results The procedure was a technical success in all cases and there were no intraoperative complications. Follow-up data were available for two patients and this showed complete occlusion of the aneurysm with the PICA remaining patent. There was no evidence, either clinical or radiological, of medullary or pontine infarction. One patient died during the follow-up period from an unrelated medical illness (community acquired pneumonia). Conclusion Flow diverters can be successfully placed within the PICA to treat both ruptured and unruptured aneurysms, and they represent an alternative treatment option to endovascular coiling or microscopic neurosurgery.

Overview of Different Flow Diverters and Flow Dynamics

Neurosurgery ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S21-S34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios A Maragkos ◽  
Adam A Dmytriw ◽  
Mohamed M Salem ◽  
Vincent M Tutino ◽  
Hui Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Flow Diverter ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Flow Diversion ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Flow Diverter Devices ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Flow Diverters

Abstract Over the past decade, flow diverter technology for endocranial aneurysms has seen rapid evolution, with the development of new devices quickly outpacing the clinical evidence base. However, flow diversion has not yet been directly compared to surgical aneurysm clipping or other endovascular procedures. The oldest and most well-studied device is the Pipeline Embolization Device (PED; Medtronic), recently transitioned to the Pipeline Flex (Medtronic), which still has sparse data regarding outcomes. To date, other flow diverting devices have not been shown to outperform the PED, although information comes primarily from retrospective studies with short follow-up, which are not always comparable. Because of this lack of high-quality outcome data, no reliable recommendations can be made for choosing among flow diversion devices yet. Moreover, the decision to proceed with flow diversion should be individualized to each patient. In this work, we wish to provide a comprehensive overview of the technical specifications of all flow diverter devices currently available, accompanied by a succinct description of the evidence base surrounding each device.

scholarly journals Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms in the Flow Diverter Era: Frequency of Use and Results in a Consecutive Series of 550 Treatments in a Single Centre

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem Jan van Rooij ◽  
Ratna S Bechan ◽  
Jo P. Peluso ◽  
Menno Sluzewski
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Flow Diverter ◽  
Flow Diversion ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Parent Vessel ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Permanent Neurological Deficit ◽  
Flow Diverters

Flow diverter devices became available in our department in 2009. We considered treatment with flow diverters only in patients with aneurysms not suitable for surgery or conventional endovascular techniques. This paper presents our preliminary experience with flow diverters in a consecutive series of 550 endovascular aneurysm treatments. Between January 2009 and July 2013, 550 endovascular treatments for intracranial aneurysms were performed. Of these, 490 were first-time aneurysm treatments in 464 patients and 61 were additional treatments of previously coiled aneurysms in 51 patients. Endovascular treatments consisted of selective coiling in 445 (80.8%), stent-assisted coiling in 68 (12.4%), balloon-assisted coiling in 13 (2.4%), parent vessel occlusion in 12 (2.2%) and flow diverter treatment in 12 (2.2%). Eleven patients with 12 aneurysms were treated with flow diverters. Two patients had ruptured dissecting aneurysms. One patient with a basilar trunk aneurysm died of acute in stent thrombosis and another patient died of brain stem ischaemia at 32 months follow-up. One patient had ischaemia with permanent neurological deficit. Two aneurysms are still open at up to 30 months follow-up. Flow diversion was used in 2% of all endovascular treatments. Both our own poor results and the high complication rates reported in the literature have converted our initial enthusiasm to apprehension and hesitancy. The safety and efficacy profile of flow diversion should discourage the use of these devices in aneurysms that can be treated with other techniques.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Vertebral Artery Dissection Presenting with Crescendo TIAs and Headache

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dr. Nosakhare I Idehen ◽  
Dr. Mohammed Awad
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Vertebral Artery Dissection ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Neurological Sequelae ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Ct Brain

We present the case of a man in his thirties who had attended the emergency department with complaint of a distressing headache and associated intermittent facial droop with occasional slurred speech. The patient’s symptoms were bizarre in their nature as they were random, not sustained and he had long intervals when he was asymptomatic and was his normal self. During the course of admission his symptoms evolved resulting in neurological deficits which were more sustained, prompting the need for further imaging beyond the initial plain CT brain which showed no abnormality. This led to the diagnosis of vertebral artery dissection (VAD) complicated with an ischaemic stroke in the posterior inferior cerebellar artery distribution (PICA) on MRI/MRA. Dual anti-platelet treatment was commenced with the patient attaining gradual symptomatic improvement prior to discharge. He has reported some degree of neurological sequelae which he described as intermittent poor coordination on follow up visit in clinic after discharge.

Application of covered stent grafts for intracranial vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms

2009 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min He ◽  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Ding Lei ◽  
Bo-Yong Mao ◽  
Chao You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Stent Graft ◽  
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Covered Stent ◽  
Stent Grafts ◽  
Graft Placement ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Covered Stent Graft ◽  
Dissecting Aneurysms

Object Utilization of covered stent grafts in treating neurovascular disorders has been reported, but their efficacy and safety in vertebral artery (VA) dissecting aneurysms needs further investigation. Methods Six cases are presented involving VA dissecting aneurysms that were treated by positioning a covered stent graft. Two aneurysms were located distal to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery, and 4 were located proximal to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Aspirin as well as ticlopidine or clopidogrel were administered after the procedure to prevent stent-related thrombosis. All patients were followed up both angiographically and clinically. Results Five of the 6 patients underwent successful placement of a covered stent graft. The covered stent could not reach the level of the aneurysm in 1 patient with serious vasospasm who died secondary to severe subarachnoid hemorrhage that occurred 3 days later. Patient follow-up ranged from 6 to 14 months (mean 10.4 months), and demonstrated complete stabilization of the obliterated aneurysms, and no obvious intimal hyperplasia. No procedure-related complications such as stenosis or embolization occurred in the 5 patients with successful stent graft placement. Conclusions Although long-term follow-up studies using a greater number of patients is required for further validation of this technique, this preliminary assessment shows that covered stent graft placement is an efficient, safe, and microinvasive technique, and is a promising tool in treating intracranial VA dissecting aneurysms.

Abstract 1122‐000103: FlowDiverter:A Study Safety and Efficacy in a Consecutive Group of 53 Patient and 60 Aneurysm

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Bolcato ◽  
ana Carolina Dalmonico ◽  
Leo Ditzel ◽  
Savio Machareti ◽  
Thiago Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Flow Diverter ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Grading Scale ◽  
Aneurysm Occlusion ◽  
Occlusion Rate ◽  
Flow Diverters

Introduction : Endovascular flow diverters are increasingly used for the treatment of cerebral aneurysms. We assessed the safety and efficacy of the Flow Diverters in a consecutive series of 53 patients and 60 aneurysms. Methods : Inclusion criteria were wide‐neck, blister‐like, or fusiform aneurysms independent of size, treated with the FRED, PIPELINE and SILK between December 2014 and Junho 2021. Assessment criteria were aneurysm occlusion, manifest ischemic stroke, bleeding, or death. The occlusion rate was assessed at 6 months and 1 year with DSA by using the Raymond classification and the O'Kelly‐Marotta grading scale. Results : Fifty three patients (mean age 54.3 years;81.1% female) with 60 aneurysms were treated with 9 Silk, 38 FREDs and 13 Pipeline. Aneurysm size ranged from 2.5 to 30 mm. Deployment of the Flow diverters was successful in 52 aneurysms. Three patient developed mild stroke symptoms that fully receded within days, 4 patients occlusion total carotid because resistant antiagregation and another patient’s development Swelling syndrome. There has been one death. Initial follow‐up at 6 months showed complete occlusion in 90% of the overall study group and 93,33% at 1 year. Conclusions : The flow diverter is a safe device for the treatment of cerebral aneurysms of various types. Our data reveal high occlusion rates at 6 months and 1 year. Long‐term occlusion rates are expected.

Flow-diverter stents in the early management of acutely ruptured brain aneurysms: effective rebleeding protection with low thromboembolic complications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
José E. Cohen ◽  
J. Moshe Gomori ◽  
Samuel Moscovici ◽  
Andrew H. Kaye ◽  
Yigal Shoshan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Flow Diverter ◽  
Flow Diversion ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Total Occlusion ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Ruptured Aneurysms ◽  
Aneurysm Occlusion

OBJECTIVE Flow-diverter stents (FDSs) are not generally used for the management of acutely ruptured aneurysms with associated subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Herein, the authors present their experience with FDSs in this scenario, focusing on the antiplatelet regimen, perioperative management, and outcome. METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed their institutional database for the treatment and outcomes of all patients with acutely ruptured aneurysms and associated SAH from July 2010 to September 2018 who had received an FDS implant as stand-alone treatment within 4 days after diagnosis. The protocol with the use of flow diversion in these patients includes a low threshold for placement of external ventricular drains before stenting, followed by the administration of aspirin and clopidogrel with platelet testing before stent implantation. With this approach, the risk of hemorrhage and stent-related thrombus formation is limited. Demographic, clinical, technical, and imaging data were analyzed. RESULTS Overall, 76 patients (61% females, mean age 42.8 ± 11.3 years) met the inclusion criteria. FDS implantation was performed a median of 2 days after diagnosis. On average, 1.05 devices were used per procedure. There was no procedural mortality directly attributed to the endovascular intervention. Procedural device-related clinical complications were recorded in a total of 6 cases (7.9%) and resulted in permanent neurological morbidity in 2 cases (2.6%). There was complete immediate aneurysm occlusion in 11 patients (14.5%), and persistent aneurysm filling was seen in 65 patients (85.5%). Despite this, no patient presented with rebleeding from the target aneurysm. There was an excellent clinical outcome in 62 patients (81.6%), who had a 90-day modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2. Among the 71 survivors, total or near-total occlusion was observed in 64/67 patients (95.5%) with a 3- to 6-month angiographic follow-up and in all cases evaluated at 12 months. Five patients (6.6%) died during follow-up for reasons unrelated to the procedure or new hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS Flow diversion is an effective therapeutic strategy for the management of select acutely ruptured aneurysms. Despite low rates of immediate aneurysm occlusion after FDS implantation, the device exerts an important protective effect. The authors’ experience confirmed no aneurysm rerupture, high rates of delayed complete occlusion, and complication rates that compare favorably with the rates obtained using other techniques.

scholarly journals Pipeline Embolization Device for Pericallosal Artery Aneurysms: A Retrospective Single Center Safety and Efficacy Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katyucia De Macedo Rodrigues ◽  
Anna Luisa Kühn ◽  
Takamitsu Tamura ◽  
Guilherme Dabus ◽  
Peter Kan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Flow Diverter ◽  
Pipeline Embolization Device ◽  
Pericallosal Artery ◽  
Flow Diverter Stent ◽  
Procedural Complication ◽  
Aneurysm Occlusion ◽  
Flow Diverters

Abstract BACKGROUND Pericallosal artery aneurysm treatment may be challenging using traditional endovascular techniques. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of endovascular treatment of pericallosal artery aneurysm using flow diverters. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of our institutional database from July 2013 through July 2016 and identified 7 subjects with a pericallosal artery aneurysm treated with the Pipeline embolization device (ev3 Neurovascular, Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland) and at least 1 follow-up angiogram. Technical feasibility, procedural complication, angiographic results, and clinical outcome were evaluated. RESULTS Placement of the Pipeline embolization device was successful in all cases without evidence of procedural complication. Five out of 7 subjects showed a complete aneurysm occlusion at 6- to 12-mo follow-up angiogram. The 2 subjects with persistent aneurysm filling showed decreased aneurysm sac volume on follow-up angiograms (96% and 60%). There was no evidence of in-implant stenosis or intimal hyperplasia. No thromboembolic or hemorrhagic complications were seen during the follow-up period. Only 1 patient had a transient change in Modified Rankin scale score from baseline as a result of different unrelated procedure. CONCLUSION Our preliminary results demonstrate feasibility of the use of flow diverter stent for treatment of aneurysms of the pericallosal artery with rate of aneurysm occlusion comparable to literature and without evidence of increased procedural or short-term morbidity. A long-term and larger cohort study is needed to validate our findings.

Pipeline embolization device for the treatment of vertebral artery aneurysms: the fate of covered branch vessels

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1041-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus D Mazur ◽  
Craig Kilburg ◽  
Victor Wang ◽  
Philipp Taussky
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Posterior Circulation ◽  
Pipeline Embolization Device ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Flow Diverting Stent

IntroductionPreliminary studies suggest that flow-diverting stents may be suitable for the treatment of aneurysms of the posterior circulation. The safety and efficacy of using flow-diverting stents for vertebral artery (VA) aneurysms is not well defined.ObjectiveTo examine the fate of covering the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) in patients undergoing placement of a flow-diverting stent for VA aneurysm.MethodsConsecutive patients who underwent placement of a Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) for treatment of an aneurysm of the V4 segment of the VA between April 2012 and June 2015 at our institution were retrospectively evaluated. Angiograms were reviewed to determine the patency of the PICA when the vessel origin was covered by the PED.Results11 patients with VA aneurysms who underwent treatment with the PED were identified. In each case the device covered the origin of the PICA. Follow-up angiography in eight patients demonstrated thrombosis of the aneurysm with patency of the PICA.ConclusionsFlow-diverting stents can be used for the treatment of VA aneurysms. When appropriately sized to the vessel wall and positioned in the VA, the device may cover the origin of the PICA without impairing flow through the branching artery.

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