E. S. Kuzmin as a historian and methodologist of social psychology (to the 100-th anniversary of his birth)

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
A. L. Zhuravlev ◽  
◽  
L. Pochebut ◽  
V. A. Chiker ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Psychology ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Psychological Knowledge

The historical, theoretical and methodological views of E.S. Kuzmin on the history of the formation of Russian social psychology from the middle of the 17th century.until the 70s of the XX century. Deep and comprehensive knowledge of E.S. Kuzmin of the history of philosophy and psychology contributed to the creation of a theoretical and methodological basis for social psychology. The scientist carried out purposeful work to integrate social psychology into the world of psychological science, streamline and synthesize the accumulated knowledge. It is shown how E.S. Kuzmin convincingly argues that human consciousness is formed not just in the process of work, but a system of interactions and relationships between people is necessary. The history of social psychology, which E.S. Kuzmin divided into three periods: 1) the accumulation of socio-psychological knowledge within the framework of philosophy and general psychology; 2) descriptive period; 3) experimental period. E.S. Kuzmin insisted that the formation of social psychology as an independent science begins in our country simultaneously with the same process in Germany and the United States. He considered the process of communication between people to be the subject of social psychology. The methodological foundations of social and psychological science were determined, and a monograph was published describing the methods of social psychology. The results of research of social psychologists, which were introduced into the practical work of domestic industrial enterprises, are highlighted.

scholarly journals SUBJECT OF CRIMINALISTICS’ TACTIC: FORMATION HISTORY, CONTENTS AND TRENDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
V. Shepitko
Keyword(s):  
Structural Elements ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Structural Part ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Separate Branch ◽  
Formation History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Psychological Knowledge

The history of the emergence of tactical beginnings in the investigation of the criminal for forensic purposes is considered and the further formation of the system of scientific knowledge in countering crime is tracked. A historical excursion to the emergence and development of criminal tactics and its role for other branches of forensic tactics has been undertaken. The formation of criminal tactics is conditioned using psychological knowledge in in the context of crime counteraction. In the genesis   of criminalistics tactics, the data of psychological science are traditionally attributed to its sources. Attention is paid to changing the subject of forensic tactics in modern conditions and the causes of such changes are determined. The content and structure of forensic tactics are conditioned by the need to provide the tactical means of various subjects (investigator, detective, prosecutor, investigative judge, parties to criminal proceedings, court, etc.). The activity approach to criminalistics tactics is proposed and the necessity of isolation of its branches (advocacy, judicial, investigative, searching) is substantiated. Forensic data should be used not only by the prosecution but also by the defense. Arguments are given regarding the need to develop the scientific provisions of advocacy tactics (defense tactics or tactics of professional defense in criminal cases) and to consider it as a separate branch of forensic tactics. The expediency of separating the responding counter-investigation tactics as a structural part of criminalistics tactics was also emphasized. The substantive side of criminalistics tactics is considered with the help of its structural elements (tactical techniques, tactical systems, tactical combinations, tactical operations, etc.). Changes in the legal field, the model of criminal proceedings, the “revision” of traditional criminal law institutions and the process have a significant impact on the content of criminalistics tactics.

Abraham Joshua Heschel's Philosophy of Man

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Waldemar Szczerbiński
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
The United States ◽  
Martin Buber ◽  
Jewish Studies ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Theological Seminary ◽  
Philosophy Department ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the following discourse is, as the title itself points out, the anthropology of Heschel. Considering the fact that Heschel is in general unknown in Poland, I shall take the liberty to make known, in short, some pieces of information about him. Heschel was born in Warsaw, Poland on January 11th 1907. After graduating from the Gymnasium in Wilno he started his studies at Friedrich Wilhelm Universität, Berlin. At the Berlin University he studied at the Philosophy Department and, additionally, he took up studies in the sphere of Semitic Philosophy and History of Art. In 1937 Heschel was chosen by Martin Buber as his successor at Mittelstelle für Jüdische Erwachsenen-Bildung in Frankfurt on the Main. In October he was arrested by the Gestapo and deported to Poland together with all the Jews of Polish nationality. After returning to Warsaw he taught philosophy and biblical sciences at the Institute of Jewish Studies. Six weeks before the German aggression against Poland he left for England and then for the United States where he stayed until his death. He was the Professor at the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York. Except for his didactical activity, our philosopher did not neglect creative work. As time went on he was becoming a more and more well-known and appreciated intellectualist and social worker in America. His activity went far beyond the boundaries of the Jewish world.

Philosopher of psychology (to the 100-th anniversary of the birth of M. S. Rogovin)

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
V. Mazilov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Psychology ◽  
General Psychology ◽  
Philosophy Of Psychology ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Soviet Psychology ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Psychology History ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
History Of

The article is dedicated to the centenary of the birth of the famous Russian psychologist M.S. Rogovin. His contribution to the development of many branches of psychological science (pathopsychology and medical psychology, military psychology, cognitive psychology, general psychology, history of psychology, methodology of psychology, etc.) is noted. His contribution to the philosophy of psychology is emphasized, it is noted that his research devoted to the logic of the development of psychological science was of the greatest relevance. The article attempts to highlight the main features of the scientist's scientific style. On the basis of the historical and methodological analysis of the development of world psychological science carried out by M.S. Rogovin, an attempt is made to reconstruct the main provisions of the author's philosophy of psychology. It is noted that the researcher's contribution is unique: in the sixties of the twentieth century, M.S. Rogovin wrote his works, clearly and unequivocally referring to world psychology as a unified science (Soviet psychology, contrary to ideology, was considered by the author not as a new stage in the development of psychology, but in no way more than one of the directions in world science), which has its own patterns and development trends, which were the main subject of his scientific analysis. An analysis is given of M.S. Rogovin's warnings about dangerous trends in the development of psychological science, which are still relevant today. The characteristics of the decisions made by M.S. Rogovin and his students of the most important methodological issues of psychological science are given.

Muslim Integration and French Society

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
North African ◽  
French Society ◽  
Migration History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Research

The subject of Muslim integration has been the focus of much policy development, media engagement, and everyday conversation in France. Because of the strong rhetoric about national identity—a national identity based on Republican ideals of universalism, equality, and French secularism (laïcité)—the question often becomes, “Can Muslims, as Muslims, integrate into French society and ‘be’ French?” In other contexts (e.g., the United States), religion may act as an aid in immigrants’ integration. In Europe, and France specifically, religion is viewed as an absolute hindrance to integration. Because of this, and thanks to a specific migration history of Muslims to France, the colonial grounding for the development of French nationality and secularism, and the French assimilationist model of integration, Muslims are often viewed as, at best, not able to integrate and, at worst, not willing to integrate into French society. The socioeconomic inequality between Muslim and non-Muslim French (as represented by life in the banlieues [suburbs]), the continued labeling of second- and third-generation North African Muslim youth as “immigrants,” the occurrence of terrorist attacks and radicalization on European soil, and the use of religious symbols (whether the head scarf or religious food practices) as symbols of intentional difference all add to the perception that Muslims are, and should be, the subject of integration efforts in France. While the discourse is often that Muslims have failed to integrate into French society through an acceptance and enactment of French values and policies, new research is suggesting that the “failed” integration of Muslims reveals a deeper failure of French Republican universalism, equality, and secularism.

The Limits of Possibility: Rand McNally in American Culture, 1898-1929

2000 ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Susan Schulten
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
History Of Cartography ◽  
The World ◽  
Commercial Market ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

In the early twentieth century, Rand McNally held a large share of the commercial market for maps and atlases in the United States. How the company built its reputation as an American cartographic authority—by both accepting and resisting change—is the subject of this essay. Critical to the company’s success was its ability to design materials that reinforced American notions of how the world ought to appear, an indication that the history of cartography is governed not just by technological and scientific advances, but also by a complex interplay between mapmakers and consumers.

The Bakerian Lecture 1978 - Cosmic exploration by X-rays

1979 ◽  
Vol 366 (1724) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Cosmic Radio ◽  
The Sun ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

Bakerian Lectures dealing with astronomical topics have occurred roughly every ten years during this century. They have therefore something of the character of reports on progress and one need read no further back than Hoyle’s ‘Review of recent developments in cosmology’ (Hoyle 1968) and Ryle’s ‘The nature of the cosmic radio sources’ (Ryle 1958) to discover the background against which are to be seen the dramatic changes of the ensuing period. It stretches from the conception of X-ray astronomy through its birth, with the discovery of the first non-solar source (Giacconi et al . 1962), to its maturity with the availability of satellites to provide long exposures. Nor is it any accident that the root κóσμoς is prominent in the titles of recent lectures for while those of Jeans, Eddington, Milne and Blacket were concerned with our Galaxy, the drama is now truly cosmic. Cosmic X-ray astronomy grew out of the study of the Sun and for this reason its founding father is Herbert Friedman. Giacconi describes well the early history of the subject (Giacconi & Gursky 1974) and tells how, in June 1962, having been interested in the idea by Rossi in September 1959, he and his colleagues detected flux coming neither from the Sun nor from the Moon. Friedman had discussed as early as 1956 ‘how his group obtained puzzling results, which might have been due to celestial X-ray fluxes’, and reported this at the I. A. U. meeting in Moscow in 1958. Stimulated by our solar studies with the Skylark rocket, similar thinking was taking place under the auspices of this Society. Mention of this was made at a conference in the United States in June 1961 (Boyd 1962) but a meeting of the Astronomy Working Group of the British National Committee on Space Research (N. C. S. P./34, 1959 a ) had discussed, in May 1959, the possibility, of mounting ‘Directive X-ray counters’ on the proposed U. K. -I satellite. The minute read ‘Current theories suggested that there may be objects in the sky with strong X-ray emission although inconspicuous visually. A search for these is a matter of great interest and importance.’ It is noteworthy that Hoyle, who had discussed Friedman’s speculations with him, was present at the meeting.

The San Patricio Deserters in the Mexican War

1951 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Blaine McCornack
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Army ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mexican War ◽  
Irish Immigrants ◽  
Catholic Faith ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
American Army

One of the perplexing problems in the history of the Mexican War has been the account of a body of deserters from the American army which called itself the San Patricio Battalion. Many of these deserters were being tried and executed or severely punished as the troops of General Scott pushed into the heart of Mexico’s capital. The account of the desertion of the San Patricios has been the subject of much debate, a great deal of it bitter, between historians with either a Catholic or Protestant point of view. Many Protestant writers have been prone to use this event as an illustration of placing faith above patriotism, the desertions being laid at the door of the Mexican clergy who are charged with actively attempting to entice Catholic soldiers among the American forces, largely recent German and Irish immigrants, to leave the army of a Protestant power bent on the destruction of a Catholic nation and on the spoliation of the temples of the Catholic faith. Catholic writers have been quick to issue a full denial of such charges. To date most of the charges and countercharges concerning the San Patricio Battalion have been based almost exclusively on secondary evidence. The essential truth of the matter would appear to be obtainable only from the actual records of the deserters in the files of the United States Army. It is on these records that this article is based.

Litigation of the Sabotage Claims Against Germany

1941 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-304
Author(s):  
Lester H. Woolsey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The awards of October 30, 1939, of the Mixed Claims Commission, United States and Germany, in the sabotage cases, have recently been the subject of litigation in the United States courts. To understand this litigation, it is necessary to complete the history of these cases before the Commission.

scholarly journals Literature and Revolution

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah Selim
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tidal Wave ◽  
Arabic Literature ◽  
Class Discussion ◽  
Dead Weight ◽  
Revolutionary Politics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Modern Arabic

The three-week uprising in Egypt that ended with the removal of Husni Mubarak on February 11 happened to coincide with the section of my spring course syllabus on the Egyptian novel from Najib Mahfuz to Ahmed Alaidy. As was the case for many of my colleagues and their students, the rapid and awe-inspiring events unfolding daily before us pushed purely academic concerns to the margins of class discussion. This tidal wave of revolutionary politics erupting into the classroom forced me to the realization that my larger syllabus was not simply some neutral or systematic survey of half a century's worth of Arabic literature. I began to think about the largely invisible dystopic intellectual and historical paradigms through which modern Arabic literature is often framed, at least in the United States. The nahḍa/naksa narrative, which compelled many of us to read Arab cultural history of the 20th century as a story of brief “awakening” followed by irredeemable decline and corruption, is clearly no longer tenable in the wake of February 11. This same narrative underpinned the highly self-conscious postmodernism that began to emerge in Egypt in the 1990s and that reached its apogee a couple of decades later at the end of the 2000s, a postmodernism that was celebrated (though by no means universally) as the true beginning of literary modernity and the emancipation of the subject from the dead weight of a past ideological age.

Early Colonial Constitutions

1896 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 59-83
Author(s):  
J. P. Wallis
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Constitutional History ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
Full Development ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Mother Country ◽  
Colonial Empire ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Colonial Government

Our own constitutional history has been studied, and is still being studied, with all the thoroughness and patient care demanded by so great a subject. On the other hand, the early constitutional history of our colonies has attracted less attention than it deserves. Probably this is because the shadow of a great failure hangs over it; if alluded to at all, it is only to point a moral at the folly which lost the American colonies. And yet a system which, with all its shortcomings, played so large a part in preparing the way for the constitution of the United States, and for our own colonial empire as it at present exists, is certainly worthy of investigation. English colonial government may be said to have been founded in the American colonies, but not to have attained its full development, if it has yet done so, until after their separation. It is, therefore, not surprising that such attention as the subject has recently received should have been devoted to it by American rather than by English writers. I propose to-day to deal with the early forms of government established in the colonies, and to point out how some of them, as in Massachusetts, were calculated from the outset to make for separation, while others, as in Virginia, lent themselves readily to maintaining the connection with the mother country, and are still used in our existing colonies.

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