Concentrate supplementation on milk yield, methane and CO2 production in crossbred dairy cows grazing in tropical climate regions

Pre-1990 published responses to supplementation at pasture ranged from 0.4 to 0.6kg milk/kg concentrate fed. However since 1990 higher responses to concentrate supplementation at pasture have been published (Delaby 2001). The objective of this study was to determine if milk production responses of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows to concentrate supplementation at pasture are influenced by genetic merit (milk yield potential) in a spring calving grass based system of milk production.

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An investigation of the effect of initial milk yield level on the response to sward height and concentrate supplementation in grazing dairy cows

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0308229600029226 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 1995 ◽

pp. 156-156

Author(s):

R. Pulido ◽

J.D. Leaver

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Concentrate Supplementation ◽

Yield Level ◽

Sward Height ◽

Herbage Intake ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Cow Performance ◽

Grazing Dairy Cows

The increase of milk yield potential of dairy cows raises a number of questions relating to their management at pasture where the intake potential might be limiting. The interaction of initial milk yield (IMY), sward availability (SH) and level of concentrate supplementation (CI) is largely unknown.Two experiments of 42 and 24 days in spring and midsummer were carried out with 45 and 27 Holstein Friesian cows respectively. In spring, five IMY groups (range 16.9 to 35.5 kg/day) and in midsummer three IMY groups (range 22.2 to 31.8 kg/day) were used. In both periods, three compressed sward height(3 to 5, 5 to 7 and 7 to 9 cm) and three CI (0, 3 and 6 kg/day, with 160 g CP/kg DM, 12.8 MJ ME/kg DM) were used. The grazing area consisted of 7.9 ha of perennial ryegrass which was set stocked. The herbage intake (HDMI) was estimated indirectly from individual cow performance. Grazing time (GT) was recorded for each cow on 24 hour observations. Multiple regression analyses were carried out relating the dependent variables herbage intake, grazing behaviour and milk production to the independent variables (IMY, SH, CI).

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Effect of the level of concentrate supplementation, herbage allowance and milk yield at turn-out on the performance of dairy cows in mid lactation at grazing

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800058161 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 171-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

L. Delaby ◽

J. L. Peyraud ◽

R. Delagarde

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Dairy Cow ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Concentrate Supplementation ◽

Cow Performance

AbstractIn order to establish the response of dairy cow performance to concentrate supplementation in contrasting grazing conditions and for cows differing in milk yield at turn-out, three experiments were conducted. Each year, two levels of herbage allowance were studied in interaction with four (experiment 1) or three (experiments 2 and 3) levels of concentrate on two groups of 30 to 40 mid-lactation Holstein cows producing between 20 and 46 kg milk at turnout. Amount of concentrate and herbage allowance ranged from 0 to 6 kg fresh weight and from 12 to 22 kg dry matter (DM) per cow per day respectively. The supplementation led to average responses, per kg DM concentrate, of 104 kg milk, +66 g/day body-weight gain, +0·19 g/kg milk protein and -0·57 g/kg milk fat. These responses remained linear up to 4 or 6 kg according to the years and treatments. The response to the concentrate did not vary with the milk yield or composition at turn-out. The increase in the herbage allowance from 12 to 16 kg DM per cow per day (experiment 1) improved milk yield (+1·2 kg/day) and milk protein (+0·7 g/kg) while the increase from 16 to 22 kg DM (experiments 2 and 3) had less effect (+0·5 kg/day milk yield and +0·4 g/kg milk protein). There was no clear interaction between concentrate supplementation and herbage allowance. Under the usual conditions of spring pasture, with cows in mid lactation, the use of a constant level of concentrate at grazing proves to be a technique of some interest.

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Participatory on-farm evaluation of the response to concentrate supplementation by cows in early lactation in smallholder peasant (campesino) dairy production systems in the highlands of central Mexico

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859601001095 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 137 (1) ◽

pp. 97-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. M. ARRIAGA-JORDÁN, ◽

F. J. FLORES-GALLEGOS ◽

G. PEÑA-CARMONA ◽

B. ALBARRÁN-PORTILLO ◽

A. GARCÍA-MARTÍNEZ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Live Weight ◽

Appropriate Technology ◽

Central Mexico ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Concentrate Supplementation ◽

Condition Score ◽

On Farm

Concentrates are the main cash expenditure in smallholder campesino dairying in the highlands of Central Mexico. Improved, low-cost, appropriate feeding strategies have been therefore identified by campesinos as a priority. An on-farm trial was undertaken in 1998 to evaluate the response to supplementation with concentrates by dairy cows in early lactation during the rainy season with restricted access to grazing of ryegrass/white clover pastures. A base of 3·0 kg commercial concentrate/cow/day (S3) was compared against the higher rate used by farmers of 5·0 kg/cow/day (S5). Three farmers with one, and one farmer with two pairs of freshly calved upgraded Holstein cows participated in the trial (24±10·7 days into lactation). Data were analysed by a random block split-plot design where supplementation treatments were main plots and measurement periods were split-plots. Milk yield was recorded once per week for 9 weeks, and live weight and condition score for four 28 day periods. Milk yields were 21·8 for S3 and 21·9 for S5 (±0·714) kg milk/day/cow (P > 0·05); live weight S3 = 444·0 and S5 = 496·0 (±12·663) kg/cow (P > 0·05), and condition score S3 = 1·9, and S5 = 1·8 (±1·127) (P >0·05). There were no significant (P> 0·05) effects of measurement periods, and there was no significant (P > 0·05) interaction. The lack of response in milk yield, live weight or condition score to increased concentrate supplementation demonstrates that at these levels of production and management, the access to grazing of improved pastures, plus limited concentrate, enables cows in campesino systems to meet their nutrient requirements, and the feasibility of efficient milk production from grazed pastures as an appropriate technology. It is also concluded that it is an appropriate technology and that the results have implications for research and extension workers in rural development who have promoted large amounts of concentrate to dairy cows as the only way towards high yields and efficient milk production.

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Impact of cow strain and concentrate supplementation on grazing behaviour, milk yield and metabolic state of dairy cows in an organic pasture-based feeding system

animal ◽

10.1017/s1751731116002639 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1163-1173 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

C. Heublein ◽

F. Dohme-Meier ◽

K.-H. Südekum ◽

R.M. Bruckmaier ◽

S. Thanner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Feeding System ◽

Metabolic State ◽

Concentrate Supplementation ◽

Grazing Behaviour

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Effect of concentrate supplementation on herbage intake and milk yield of dairy cows grazing an alpine pasture

Livestock Production Science ◽

10.1016/0301-6226(95)00037-l ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 119-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

F. Malossini ◽

S. Bovolenta ◽

C. Piras ◽

W. Ventura

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Concentrate Supplementation ◽

Alpine Pasture ◽

Herbage Intake

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Milk Yield and Composition and Pasture Ruminal Digestion in Grazing Dairy Cows Receiving Three Levels of Energy Concentrate Supplementation

Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.4236/as.2017.810083 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 08 (10) ◽

pp. 1135-1156

Author(s):

Eloy Eduardo Salado ◽

Gustavo Bretschneider ◽

Alejandra Cuatrin ◽

Adriana María Descalzo ◽

Gerardo Antonio Gagliostro

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Concentrate Supplementation ◽

Grazing Dairy Cows ◽

Ruminal Digestion

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Simplified rotational grazing management of dairy cows: effects of rates of stocking and concentrate

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600078230 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 116 (3) ◽

pp. 417-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

A. Hoden ◽

J. L. Peyraud ◽

A. Muller ◽

L. Delaby ◽

P. Faverdin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Grazing Management ◽

Stocking Rate ◽

Rotational Grazing ◽

Yield Improvement ◽

Concentrate Supplementation ◽

Stocking Rates

SUMMARYAn experiment was carried out in Normandy between 1986 and 1988 over c. 6 months in each year, using a simplified rotational grazing technique (two paddocks in spring, four in autumn) with a total of 162 high-yielding cows (mean milk yield of 30·0 kg/day at turn-out). Three stocking rates, designated control (C: 2·3 cows/ha over the total area of the system), moderate (M: 2·6 cows/ha = 115% of C) and high (H: 3·0 cows/ha = 130% of C), were compared at two rates of concentrate supplement, 3·7 kg/cow per day and 0·5 kg/cow per day. Individual milk yield differed by a non-significant 5% between the extreme stocking rates (21·3 v. 20·3 kg fat-corrected milk (FCM) for treatments C and H, respectively). Milk production/ha was 23% greater in the H treatment (9816 v. 7970 kg FCM for H and C, respectively). Concentrate supplementation led, on average, to a 9% milk yield improvement (21·8 v. 20·0 kg FCM for high and low rates, respectively), i.e. a mean efficiency of 0·6 kg FCM/kg supplement. This response tended to be greater in the higher-yielding cows and for the high stocking rate. The sward measurements contributed to a better understanding of herbage utilization by the cows.

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The response to concentrate supplementation of dairy cows grazing late summer/autumn grass

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200012862 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 2003 ◽

pp. 127-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. P. Ferris ◽

C. S. Mayne

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Late Summer ◽

Yield Response ◽

Late Season ◽

Concentrate Supplementation ◽

Early Autumn ◽

Herbage Quality ◽

Grazing Period ◽

Summer Grazing

While the milk yield response of spring calving dairy cows to concentrate supplementation during the main summer grazing period has been examined in a number of studies, there is little information available concerning the milk yield response to supplementation in late summer/early autumn. With milk yield at this stage of the lactation having declined considerably, supplementation might appear unnecessary. However, herbage quality and availability are also lower in late season, and as such, responses to concentrate supplementation might be expected. This study was conducted to examine the milk yield response to concentrate supplementation of dairy cows grazing late summer/autumn grass.

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