scholarly journals The Effect of Simplisia Drying Method on Antioxidant Activity of Senggani Fruit Extract (Melastoma Malabathricum L.) by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-153
Author(s):  
Shesanthi Citrariana ◽  
Risqika Yulia Tantri Paramawidhita ◽  
Melliani Melliani

Senggani fruit (Melastoma Malabathricum L.) contains anthocyanin that functioning as an antioxidant. Anthocyanin are tremendously sensitive to thermal processes which trigger phytochemical or photo-oxidation reactions that can open anthocyanin rings. The objective of this study is to identify the effect of the simplicia drying method on the antioxidant activity of Senggani fruit extract. Senggani fruit extract was prepared by obtaining samples of ripe fruit, dry sorting, washing, wet sorting, and drying using two methods; sunlight and oven at 70oC. After the simplicia was dry, it was blended and sifted until smooth. The fine simplicia was macerated with 96% ethanol and evaporated to gain a crude extract. The crude extract was assessed with reagents for phytochemical screening. Furthermore, the crude extract was examined for antioxidant activity by the DPPH method. This study implies that the simplicia and crude extract of Senggani fruit from drying in sunlight and oven possess different organoleptic properties such as color, smell, and taste. In phytochemical testing with reagents, it was discovered that anthocyanin compounds were unveiled in drying utilizing sunlight while employing an oven at 70oC; no anthocyanins were found. The antioxidant testing of Senggani fruit extract revealed that the drying method employing sunlight had an IC50 value of 18.8 g/mL while the oven temperature of 70oC owned an IC50 value of 28.3 g/mL. Based on the study results, it can be identified that the simplicia drying method affects the antioxidant activity of the Senggani fruit extract. The drying method in the sun produces extracts with greater antioxidant activity while drying in an oven at 70oC results in a degradation process of anthocyanin compounds, thereby decreasing the antioxidant activity of the Senggani fruit extract.  

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Dela Rosa ◽  
Catherine Roeroe ◽  
Agustina Susanti

In this research the potential of Pakoba leaf extract to be used as antioxidant and skin whitening (anti-melanogenic agent) is investigated. The antioxidant activity of Pakoba leaves were studied using DPPH method and the result showed that the 80 percent methanol crude extract has strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 22.66 ± 1.02 μg/ml. The aqueous fraction of the sample has an IC50 value of 53.30 ± 1.42 μg/ml, followed by n-butanol fraction (53.63 ± 1.45 μg/ml) and chloroform fraction (511.54 ± 1.59 μg/ml). The anti-melanogenic activity of the crude methanol extract showed IC50 value of 316.56 ± 11.04 μg/ml. Thus, it isconcluded that crude extract of Pakoba leaves shows good potential as the antioxidant source although it does not show good anti- melanogenic activity.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Endra Pujiastuti ◽  
Rahma Sani Saputri

Drying is the most important step to keep the compound stability in simplicia and is very influential to produce good quality igredients in the antioxidant activity contained in the simplicia. Antioxidants are oxidation-free inhibitors of free radical reactions. Parijoto is one of the plants that have antioxidant compounds.This study aims to determine the effect of drying, concentration of antioxidant activity of parijoto (Medinilla speciosa Blume) fruit. The drying method used is direct sunlight drying, indirect sunlight and oven. The antioxidant activity of ethanol extract on drying method was determined by 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhidrazyl (DPPH) method which is free radical. The qualitative test DPPH showed that the higher levels of ethanol extract from the three drying methods further diminished the color of DPPH solution in ethanol.The result showed thet the drying method gave different effect to the antioxidant activity of parijoto fruit which is significant(p0,05). Drying methods wich have high antioxidant activity are given by drying using oven method with an IC50 value 33,75µg/ml.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Bhayu Gita Bhernama ◽  
Witri Maulidy Ayu ◽  
Cut Nuzlia

Antioxidants are compounds that can delay, reduce, slow down or inhibit oxidation reactions from free radical reactions. Antioxidants donate electrons to unstable free radicals so that these free radicals can be neutralized to not interfere with the body's metabolic processes. Red seaweed Galaxaura rugosa has potential as an antioxidant. The study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of red seaweed Galaxaura rugosa against DPPH free radicals based on the IC50 value. Phytochemical testing and determination of antioxidant activity were carried out using the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), which was carried out quantitatively using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results of the phytochemical screening of red seaweed ethanol extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and polyphenols and the IC50 value of red seaweed ethanol extract was 4.59 ppm, while the positive control for Vitamin C was 6.64 ppm. It was concluded that the ethanolic extract of red seaweed Galaxaura rugosa in the South Aceh District had high antioxidant potential, as evidenced by the small IC50 value of <50 µg/mL.Keywords: Antioxidants, Galauxara rugosa, phytochemicals, DPPH  ABSTRAKAktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah Galaxaura rugosa Antioksidan merupakan senyawa yang mampu menunda, memperkecil, memperlambat atau menghambat reaksi oksidasi dari reaksi radikal bebas. Antioksidan menyumbangkan elektron kepada radikal bebas yang tidak stabil sehingga radikal bebas ini dapat dinetralkan agar tidak mengganggu jalannya proses metabolisme tubuh. Rumput laut merah Galaxaura rugosa berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah Galaxaura rugosa terhadap radikal bebas DPPH berdasarkan nilai IC50. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian fitokimia dan penentuan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil) yang dilakukan secara kuantitatif menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil dari skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, steroid dan polifenol serta nilai IC50 ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah sebesar 4,59 ppm sedangkan kontrol positif Vitamin C sebesar 6,64 ppm. Ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah Galaxaura rugosa di Kabupaten Aceh Selatan memiliki potensi antioksidan yang tinggi. dibuktikan dengan nilai IC50 yang yang kecil yaitu < 50 µg/mL.Kata kunci: Antioksidan, Galauxara rugosa, Fitokimia, DPPH


2021 ◽  
Vol 328 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Khadijah ◽  
Nunuk Hariani Soekamto ◽  
Siti Maisuri Tadjuddin Chalid ◽  
Nur Fatin Rafidah

Total phenol levels and antioxidant activity in whole limes from Palopo, Luwu Regency, as well as the relationship between total phenol content and antioxidant activity, were determined. Maceration of dried whole lime fruit yielded the methanol extract (Citrus aurentifolia). Phytochemical screening was used to determine the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids in the extract’s secondary metabolites. The total phenol extract was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, yielding a value of 8.37 mgGAE/g. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method, and the IC50 value was 1793.06 g/mL. Total phenol content of whole fruit extract lime and IC50 show a linear relationship y = -168,11x + 3211 with a determination R2 = of 0.9780.


Author(s):  
Dhanesh Arif ◽  
Diah Lia Aulifa ◽  
Driyanti Rahayu ◽  
Arni Praditasari

Skin care is very important in cosmetics, especially facial treatments. Black mulberry is rich in phenols and is therefor usable in the treatment of acne. It also contains anthocyanin, a well-known antioxidant and a potential source of sun protection. This research aimed to develop a gel dossage from black mulberries (Morus nigra) extracts that would function as an antibacterial, antioxidant and sun blocking facial treatment. This research started with black mulberry fruit extracted through the maceration method by using ethanol (96%). Then, the antibacterial activity of the extract was determined by the disc-diffusion method, while the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined by the microdilution method. Antioxidant activity of the extract was determined using the 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) method with vitamin C as a comparison. Furthermore, the extracts were formulated into gel formulas with variations of HPMC, Na-CMC, carbopol 934 and extract concentrations. The products were then physically evaluated for organoleptics, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and dispersion as well as undergoing a hedonic test, an irritation test, an antioxidant activity test and determining the SPF value of the preparation. The results showed that the black mulberry fruit extract has antibacterial activity with MIC value of 0,025 g/mL against S. epidermidis and P. acnes, while MBC values were 0,025 g/mL and 0,05 g/mL, respectively. The black mulberry extract had antioxidant activity with IC50 value, i.e 146,73 μg/mL vitamin c i.e. 3,17 μg/mL. Formulation with best physical evaluation results showed ina formula containing a carbopol gel base of 934 0,015 g/mL with an extract cconcentration of 0,075 g/mL. This formula resulted in antioxidant activity with an IC50 value, i.e 1004,6 μg/mL, antibacterial activity with inhibition zone 6.83 ± 1.4 mm against and 6.76 ± 0.9 mm against S. epidermidis and P. acnes respectively and an SPF value of 1.9.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Inas Fadiyah ◽  
Iin Lestari ◽  
Shelly Victory

Rukam fruit (Flacourtia rukam) is one of the wild plants that are widely distributed in Indonesia, especially on the island of Bangka. The results of previous studies stated that rukam fruit has a phenolic content of 40 mg GAE / 100 grams. Phenolic compounds have major benefits as antioxidants, where antioxidants have the ability to inhibit the work of free radicals. Therefore a study was conducted to assess the content of secondary metabolites and the antioxidant bioactivity of the Flacourtia rukam species using maceration method. Rukam fruit extract was obtained using the Maceration method. As for the antioxidant test using the DPPH` method. The results of the antioxidant activity test of rukam extract with ethanol solvent obtained IC50 value 236,169 µg / mL and in rukam extract with acetone solvent obtained IC50 276,443 µg / mL which showed that the antioxidant properties of this rukam were moderate.


2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Imra Imra ◽  
Kustiariyah Tarman ◽  
Desniar Desniar

<p>Abstract<br />Nipah (Nypa fruticans) is the potential plant for source of active compound such as antioksidant and antibacterial substances. The plants are dispersed in Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku and Papua Island. The aim of this research were determine the antioxidant and antibacterial activity from of nipah (fruit and leaf) that it extraction with methanol, and than determine toxicity and active compound contained in this extract. Diffusion agar and DPPH method were use for antibacterial and antioxsidant assay, respectively. Antioxsidant activity from nipah’s leaf extract was more effective (22,5 μg/mL) than nipah’s fruit extract (415 μg/mL). This activity to be classified to the strong antioxidant activity (IC50&lt;50 μg/mL). The antibacterial activity from leaf extract was strong to inhibited Vibrio sp. with inhibition zone 8,75 mm. The crude extract of nipah’s leaf was toxic with toxicity value is 663,598 μg/mL. Flavonoids, steroids, tanin, saponin and phenol hidroquinon were the active compounds contained in the extract of nipah’s leaf.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Fazirul Maulana ◽  
Asnani Asnani ◽  
Haslianti Haslianti

ABSTRACT         Sargassum sp. is the most abundant type of seaweed from the brown algae group (Phaeophyceae) which is spread in tropical waters. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of the extract of Sargassum sp. with different drying methods. Sargassum sp. dried using room temperature (± 25ºC) for 21 days and oven (40oC) for 30 hours, then extracted using methanol. Phytochemical tests were carried out to determine the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids. The antioxidant activity of the seaweed extract of Sargassum sp. tested by the DPPH method (1-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Phytochemical test results of the extract Sargassum sp. flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and steroids, while alkaloids and tannins were not found. The value of antioxidant activity in the methanol extract of Sargassum sp. shows a higher room temperature treatment with an IC50 value of 823.652 ppm compared to a treatment temperature of 40oC with an IC50 value of 914.1920 ppm. The drying method affects the antioxidant activity of Sargassum sp. Keywords: Sargassum sp., drying, extraction, phytochemicals, antioxidants.ABSTRAKSargassum sp. merupakan jenis rumput laut paling melimpah dari kelompok alga coklat (Phaeophyceae) yang tersebar di perairan tropis. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak Sargassum sp. dengan metode pengeringan yang berbeda. Sargassum sp. dikeringkan menggunakan suhu ruang (± 25ºC) selama 21 hari dan oven (suhu 40oC) selama 30 jam, kemudian diekstrak menggunakan pelarut metanol. Uji fitokimia dilakukan untuk mengetahui keberadaan senyawa alkaloid, tanin, flavonoid, saponin, steroid dan triterpenoid pada ekstrak. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak rumput laut Sargassum sp. diuji dengan metode DPPH (1-1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil). Hasil uji fitokimia pada ekstrak Sargassum sp. yang dikeringkan pada suhu ruang dan suhu 40oC ditemukan adanya flavonoid, saponin, triterpenoid dan steroid sedangkan alkaloid dan tannin tidak ditemukan. Nilai aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak metanol Sargassum sp. menunjukan perlakuan suhu ruang lebih tinggi dengan nilai IC50 823,652 ppm dibandingkan perlakuan suhu 40oC dengan nilai IC50 914,1920 ppm. Metode pengeringan berpengaruah terhadap aktivitas antioksidan dari Sargassum sp.Kata kunci: Sargassum sp., pengeringan, ekstraksi, fitokimia, antioksidan.


Author(s):  
Romulia Trielva Apriliani ◽  
I Gede Putu Wirawan ◽  
Wayan Adiartayasa

Antioxidant is a chemical compound that could give one or more electrons to inhibit the free radical reaction. One of the plants that potentially produce antioxidants is purnajiwa (Euchresta horsfieldii (Lesch.) Benn.). The research was conducted using the fruit of purnajiwa. The purpose of this study is to know antioxidant activity from purnajiwa fruit using the DPPH method and measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The extract of purnajiwa fruit gained by the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. The results of phytochemistry screening found out that the extract contains flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tannin, and terpenoid. According to flavonoid testing using quercetin, the results obtained from purnajiwa extract contained flavonoid of 1,651 mg QE/g. The activity test of antioxidants quantitatively by DPPH using UV-Vis spectrophotometry found out that purnajiwa extract has IC50 value of 57,28 ppm so that purnajiwa extract has strong antioxidant activity that could be used as natural antioxidant resources.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Inas Fadiyah ◽  
Iin Lestari ◽  
Robby Gus Mahardika

Rukam fruit (Flacourtia rukam) is one of the species spread in Indonesia, specifically Bangka Island. Rukam has a higher phenolic ratio than guava (Psidium guajava). Phenolic compounds have a major role as antioxidants, while antioxidants have the ability to fight free radicals. Therefore a study was conducted to examine the application of secondary metabolites and antioxidant bioactivity of the Flacourtia rukam species using the Microwave Assisted Extraction method. Rukam fruit extract is obtained by using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method. While for the antioxidant test using the DPPH method. The test results of antioxidant activity of rukam fruit extract with ethanol solvent were obtained with IC50 value 47.7022 ppm and in rukam fruit extract with acetone solvent IC50 33.1702 ppm obtained using this antioxidant antioxidant powder was very strong.


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