scholarly journals Development of the composition and production technology of injection medication for intra-articular introduction based on sodiun hyaluronate

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
O. O. Saliy ◽  
O. V. Los ◽  
O. P. Baula ◽  
K. F. Matsiutsia
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Saturated Steam ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Injection Solution ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Sterilization Mode

Osteoarthrosis is the most widespread disease of musculoskeletal system, which leads to different level of disability in 10–30% of cases. The age of the person is one of the key risk factors for the development of such disease. The most effective resolution is a surgery in which joints are replaced, but this method is very risky and expensive especially for elderly people. That is why development of the composition and research in new technological aspects of biotechnological medication is an actual course in pharmacy. The aim of research: development of the composition and production technology of injection solution of hyaluronic acid as sodium hyaluronate for the therapy of degenerate inflammatory disease of articulation. The object of the study is an injection with sodium hyaluronate for intra-articular administration. Evaluation of the test results when choosing the optimal technology for preparing the injection solution was carried out by the visual method (description, transparency), and by the method of rotational viscometry (viscosity). The suitability of the sterilization regime was determined by physicochemical methods (appearance, transparency, viscosity, pH of the solution) and microbiological method (sterility) according to the requirements of SPhU. The quantitative content of sodium hyaluronate was determined by spectrophotometry (SPhU, 2.2.25) using a carbazole reagent. The results of the studies  has  been developed the optimal composition  of the drug based on stabilized sodium hyaluronate by the excipient BDE. The resulting solution in its physical-chemical properties are a clear, highly viscous aqueous solution. The developed composition contains (in %): Sodium hyaluronate with a molecular weight of ~ 2 MDA (in terms of 100% substance) – 1.0; BDE – 0.75; sodium chloride – 0.85; phosphate buffer – up to pH from 5.0 to 8.5; water for injection – up to 100%. The critical parameters of the technological stages for the production of a drug with sodium hyaluronate are determined experimentally. Specific critical parameters are the degassing of a viscous solution, filtration and the conditions of the sterilization mode of the injection solution. It was experimentally established that the optimal parameters for the filtration stage are the use of a Durapore hydrophilic membrane made of polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF), the temperature of the solution is 50 ± 0.5 °C and the use of back pressure mode to reduce the volume wich is filtered per unit time. It was determined that the sterilization mode with saturated steam at a temperature of 121 °C for 8 min is optimal and ensures the quality of the solution in quality criterion of «Sterility». Samples of the experimental series of injection solution, obtained by the developed technology, comply with the requirements of SPhU for drugs for parenteral use according to physical-chemical and biological quality criteria as appearance, transparency, viscosity, pH of the solution, sterility, assay sodium hyaluronate.

Harmonization of the Standardization of Reference Substances for the Analysis of Pesticide Products

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-910
Author(s):  
Konrad Pavel
Keyword(s):  
Reference Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Reference Substance ◽  
Working Standard ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Primary Reference

Abstract Quantitative analysis of pesticide products is often based on analytical procedures that require substances of precisely known purity as reference materials. In addition, samples of "pure" active ingredient (AI) are needed for registration purposes, in part for the determination of some physical-chemical properties, and also for submission to the authorities. Pure AIs from several pesticides are available commercially or from particular institutes. Some pure pesticides, especially those of newly developed products, must be provided by the manufacturer. Substances like these have a variety of names, such as pure AI, pure pesticide, reference material, pure standard, or analytical grade sample. It is suggested that internationally uniform names be given to highly purified substances and to other samples that are used as reference materials for determination and certification of purity and other quality criteria. DAPA recommends that 2 kinds of reference materials be distinguished: primary reference substance and working standard, and offers draft guidelines for standardization and draft certification forms for reference materials. Finally, it is proposed that CIPAC (Collaborative International Pesticides Analytical Council) or FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) publish corresponding papers.

THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN CAN THO CITY, 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Chu Cao Minh ◽  
Thang Vo Van ◽  
Dat Nguyen Tan ◽  
Hung Vo Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Medicine ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Can Tho City

Background: The criteria set of assessing hospital quality in Vietnam in 2016 was revied from the criteria set in 2013 by the Ministry of Health in order to help hospitals to self-assess towards improvinge quality of hospitals in the international integration context. The study aimed to assess the quality of public hospitals in Can Tho City according to the revised criteria set of the Ministry of Health in 2016 and compare the quality among three hospital ranks (including grade I, grade II, and grade III) via to 5 groups of quality criteria. Methods: A cross-sectional study, using secondary data analysis was applied to assess the service quality of 7 general public hospitals in Can Tho City. Results: The average total score of 7 hospitals is 245 and the average for the criteria of 7 hospitals is 2.99, which is just satisfactory. In the criterion of quality, criterion D and E had the lowest scores compared to the other three groups. There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.076) among the mean scores for the three hospital categories. Conclusion: The quality of public hospitals in Can Tho city in 2016 only reached moderately good level (2.99). Interventions should be developed to improve the quality of hospitals, with particular emphasis on improving the quality of criteria groups D and E. Key words: Quality, hospital, medicine, health, public, Can Tho

Chlorinated Organics in Nearshore Waters and Tributaries of the St. Clair River

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry G. Oliver ◽  
Klaus L.E. Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Chemical Company ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The concent rat ions of hexachloroethane (HCE), hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD), pentachlorobenzene (QCB), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and octachlorostyrene (OCS) in large volume water samples show that the major sources of these chemicals to the St. Clair River are Dow Chemical Company effluents and, to a lesser degree, Sarnia’s Township ditch which drains one of Dow’s waste disposal sites. Tributaries entering the river on both sides of the Canada/United States border contain measurable concentrations of these chemicals indicating low level contamination throughout the area. The degree of water/suspended sediment partitioning of the chemicals (Kp) was studied. Kp values for the individual chemicals changed in a manner consistent with changes in their physical-chemical properties.

Polymer-Graphene Nanoassemblies and their Applications in Cancer Theranostics

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1340-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponnurengam M. Sivakumar ◽  
Matin Islami ◽  
Ali Zarrabi ◽  
Arezoo Khosravi ◽  
Shohreh Peimanfard
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydrophilic Polymer ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Cancer Theranostics

Background and objective: Graphene-based nanomaterials have received increasing attention due to their unique physical-chemical properties including two-dimensional planar structure, large surface area, chemical and mechanical stability, superconductivity and good biocompatibility. On the other hand, graphene-based nanomaterials have been explored as theranostics agents, the combination of therapeutics and diagnostics. In recent years, grafting hydrophilic polymer moieties have been introduced as an efficient approach to improve the properties of graphene-based nanomaterials and obtain new nanoassemblies for cancer therapy. Methods and results: This review would illustrate biodistribution, cellular uptake and toxicity of polymergraphene nanoassemblies and summarize part of successes achieved in cancer treatment using such nanoassemblies. Conclusion: The observations showed successful targeting functionality of the polymer-GO conjugations and demonstrated a reduction of the side effects of anti-cancer drugs for normal tissues.

scholarly journals Shellfish Chitosan Potential in Wine Clarification

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4417
Author(s):  
Veronica Vendramin ◽  
Gaia Spinato ◽  
Simone Vincenzi
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Chitin Content ◽  
Deacetylation Degree ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Fungal Chitosan ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fish Industry

Chitosan is a chitin-derived fiber, extracted from the shellfish shells, a by-product of the fish industry, or from fungi grown in bioreactors. In oenology, it is used for the control of Brettanomyces spp., for the prevention of ferric, copper, and protein casse and for clarification. The International Organisation of Vine and Wine established the exclusive utilization of fungal chitosan to avoid the eventuality of allergic reactions. This work focuses on the differences between two chitosan categories, fungal and animal chitosan, characterizing several samples in terms of chitin content and degree of deacetylation. In addition, different acids were used to dissolve chitosans, and their effect on viscosity and on the efficacy in wine clarification were observed. The results demonstrated that even if fungal and animal chitosans shared similar chemical properties (deacetylation degree and chitin content), they showed different viscosity depending on their molecular weight but also on the acid used to dissolve them. A significant difference was discovered on their fining properties, as animal chitosans showed a faster and greater sedimentation compared to the fungal ones, independently from the acid used for their dissolution. This suggests that physical–chemical differences in the molecular structure occur between the two chitosan categories and that this significantly affects their technologic (oenological) properties.

scholarly journals Electrospinning: A promising technique for drug delivery systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 441-454
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Martínez-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Extrinsic Factor ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Final System ◽  
Intense Research

AbstractIn the last years, electrospinning has become a technique of intense research to design and fabricate drug delivery systems (DDS), during this time a vast variety of DDS with mainly electrospun polymers and many different active ingredient(s) have been developed, many intrinsic and extrinsic factor have influence in the final system, there are those that can be attributed to the equipment set up and that to the physical-chemical properties of the used materials in the fabrication of DDS. After all, this intense research has generated a great amount of DDS loaded with one or more drugs. In this manuscript a review with the highlights of different kind of systems for drug delivery systems is presented, it includes the basic concepts of electrospinning, types of equipment set up, polymer/drug systems, limitations and challenges that need to be overcome for clinical applications.

Variability in soil physical–chemical properties along the root-explored profile in deep Oxisols of commercial eucalypt plantations

2021 ◽  
Vol 494 ◽  
pp. 119334
Author(s):  
Vinicius Evangelista Silva ◽  
Thiago Assis Rodrigues Nogueira ◽  
Cassio Hamilton Abreu-Junior ◽  
Arun Dilipkumar Jani ◽  
Salatier Buzetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations

scholarly journals Insights in Behavior of Variably Formulated Alginate-Based Microcapsules for Cell Transplantation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Montanucci ◽  
Silvia Terenzi ◽  
Claudio Santi ◽  
Ilaria Pennoni ◽  
Vittorio Bini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Alginate-based microencapsulation of live cells may offer the opportunity to treat chronic and degenerative disorders. So far, a thorough assessment of physical-chemical behavior of alginate-based microbeads remains cloudy. A disputed issue is which divalent cation to choose for a high performing alginate gelling process. Having selected, in our system, high mannuronic (M) enriched alginates, we studied different gelling cations and their combinations to determine their eventual influence on physical-chemical properties of the final microcapsules preparation,in vitroandin vivo. We have shown that used of ultrapure alginate allows for high biocompatibility of the formed microcapsules, regardless of gelation agents, while use of different gelling cations is associated with corresponding variable effects on the capsules’ basic architecture, as originally reported in this work. However, only the final application which the capsules are destined to will ultimately guide the selection of the ideal, specific gelling divalent cations, since in principle there are no capsules that are better than others.

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