scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF MODELS FOR ELIMINATION OF EMERGENCIES ON VEHICLES WITH ALTERNATIVE FUELS

Fire Safety ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
O. Lazarenko ◽  
V.-P. Parkhomenko ◽  
O. Shkaraputa
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Current Group ◽  
Imitation Model ◽  
Safe Production ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Introduction. The growing demand and use of vehicles on alternative fuels pose several challenges to humanity. Starting from the development and implementation of technological processes and algorithms for safe production, transportation, storage in the large capacity of lithiumion elements (batteries) and energy sources under high pressure (hydrogen cylinders) and ending with the process of final processing and reuse of the above-mentioned components of vehicles on alternative sources energy.The purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the work is to research the readiness and activities of fire and rescue units for acting as intended, namely - the elimination of possible (potential) threats in the event of emergencies on vehicles with alternative fuels. To achieve this goal it is necessary to determine the current group of vehicles on alternative fuels; describe the main danger of such vehicles; to develop an appropriate conceptual (imitation) model of actions of fire and rescue units in case of actions on purpose on similar vehicles.Methods. To achieve the goal and objectives of the study used theoretical research methods, which included analysis of the main dangers of vehicles on alternative fuels, generalization of the results of the study with their following systematization to achieve the goal of the study.Results. According to the literature review results, the probable hazards associated with the elimination of emergencies at EV and HFCEV were identified. To protect the personal fire and rescue units involved in the elimination of such emergencies, an algorithm of rescuers' actions was developed in case of the threat of fire of the EV battery, the threat of ignition of hydrogen tanks in the HFCEV, the threat of ignition of the battery.Conclusions. The presented conceptual (imitation) model of actions of fire and rescue units in case of possible dangers associated with EV and HFCV provide a scientific basis. For further development and development of a decision support system that can be expressed in the form of application software. For further development of a life cycle model of emergency response projects on vehicles with alternative fuels.

scholarly journals Osseointegration of a novel dental implant in canine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingxiao Wang ◽  
Zhenhua Gao ◽  
Yucheng Su ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
Yi Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Trabecular Number ◽  
Histological Staining

AbstractThis study aimed to compare and verify the osseointegration performance of a novel implant (NI) in vivo, which could provide a useful scientific basis for the further development of NIs. Thirty-two NIs treated with hydrofluoric acid and anodization and sixteen control implants (CIs) were placed in the mandibles of 8 beagles. Micro-CT showed that the trabecular number (Tb.N) significantly increased and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) significantly decreased in the NIs at 2 weeks. Significant differences were found in the trabecular thickness, Tb.N, Tb.Sp, bone surface/bone volume ratio, and bone volume/total volume ratio between the two groups from the 2nd–4th weeks. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the bone volume density at 2, 4, 8, or 12 weeks or bone-implant contact at 2 or 4 weeks, but the BIC in the CIs was higher than that in the NIs at the 8th and 12th weeks. Meanwhile, the histological staining showed a similar osseointegration process between the two groups over time. Overall, the NIs could be used as new potential implants after further improvement.

scholarly journals Psychomotor Predictive Processing

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 806
Author(s):  
Stephen Fox
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Predictive Processing ◽  
Sensory Inputs ◽  
Processing Theory ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Primary Contribution ◽  
Planning And Operation

Psychomotor experience can be based on what people predict they will experience, rather than on sensory inputs. It has been argued that disconnects between human experience and sensory inputs can be addressed better through further development of predictive processing theory. In this paper, the scope of predictive processing theory is extended through three developments. First, by going beyond previous studies that have encompassed embodied cognition but have not addressed some fundamental aspects of psychomotor functioning. Second, by proposing a scientific basis for explaining predictive processing that spans objective neuroscience and subjective experience. Third, by providing an explanation of predictive processing that can be incorporated into the planning and operation of systems involving robots and other new technologies. This is necessary because such systems are becoming increasingly common and move us farther away from the hunter-gatherer lifestyles within which our psychomotor functioning evolved. For example, beliefs that workplace robots are threatening can generate anxiety, while wearing hardware, such as augmented reality headsets and exoskeletons, can impede the natural functioning of psychomotor systems. The primary contribution of the paper is the introduction of a new formulation of hierarchical predictive processing that is focused on psychomotor functioning.

Evaluation of Natural Disaster Emergency Response Procedure Based on Petri Net

2013 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 236-241
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Shi Hang Huang ◽  
De Peng Dang ◽  
Hui Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Markov Chain ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Emergency Plan ◽  
Stochastic Petri Net ◽  
State Nature

How to ensure a smooth, fast and efficient emergency response procedure becomes a highly concerned issue. However, a procedure of emergency plan may be confusing and inefficient in reality due to delay caused by waiting for decision-making, responding to conflicts and limited resource during the process of dealing with emergency. In this paper, we propose a colored stochastic Petri net to evaluate the security and complexity of emergency response procedure and the reasonableness of resource flow, so as to effectively analyze the potential deficiencies of emergency response procedure. We firstly establish a colored stochastic Petri net, and then convert the colored stochastic Petri net to an isomorphic Markov chain. Studying the structural properties of the colored stochastic Petri net and steady-state nature of the Markov chainprovides a scientific basis for the perfection of emergency plan. Meanwhile, it also ensures an ordered and efficient implementation of emergency response procedure in an emergency.

scholarly journals The work programme of NERIS in post-accident recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Schneider ◽  
S. Andronopoulos ◽  
J. Camps ◽  
T. Duranova ◽  
E. Gallego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Fukushima Accident ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Work Programme ◽  
Further Development

NERIS is the European platform on preparedness for nuclear and radiological emergency response and recovery. Created in 2010 with 57 organisations from 28 different countries, the objectives of the platform are to: improve the effectiveness and coherency of current approaches to preparedness; identify further development needs; improve ‘know how’ and technical expertise; and establish a forum for dialogue and methodological development. The NERIS Strategic Research Agenda is now structured with three main challenges: (i) radiological impact assessments during all phases of nuclear and radiological events; (ii) countermeasures and countermeasure strategies in emergency and recovery, decision support, and disaster informatics; and (iii) setting up a multi-faceted framework for preparedness for emergency response and recovery. The Fukushima accident has highlighted some key issues for further consideration in NERIS research activities, including: the importance of transparency of decision-making processes at local, regional, and national levels; the key role of access to environmental monitoring; the importance of dealing with uncertainties in assessment and management of the different phases of the accident; the use of modern social media in the exchange of information; the role of stakeholder involvement processes in both emergency and recovery situations; considerations of societal, ethical, and economic aspects; and the reinforcement of education and training for various actors. This paper emphasises the main issues at stake for NERIS for post-accident management.

Thermo-economic and exergy assessment and optimization of performance of a hydrogen production system by using geothermal energy

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1373-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi ◽  
Seyed Ali Banihashem ◽  
Mahyar Ghazvini ◽  
Milad Sadeghzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Electrolysis Process ◽  
Alternative Sources

Due to the increasing need to find alternative fuels to restrict the use of oil in the world, substantial alternative sources have been identified. One of these alternative sources is hydrogen. Hydrogen is produced through an electrochemical process. The purpose of this paper is to model an electrochemical process and to determine the yields or losses of process efficiency by increasing or decreasing the water supply temperature. For the adaptation of the environmental process, the electricity required for the electrolyzer is supplied from a geothermal unit. For the sake of achieving the desired goals, the geothermal unit has been modeled and various parameters have been investigated. In this paper, an analysis of energy and exergy thermodynamics, as well as the exergy-economic analysis of the proton exchange membrane (PEM-type) electrolysis process for hydrogen production, which derives its driving power from ground-based power has been carried out. For this purpose, the required work is generated from the geothermal source by the Rankine cycle. The resulting work is used as an input for the electrolysis process and electrolysis water is preheated by geothermal sewage treatment. Funtional parameters based on the first and second thermodynamic rules are determined for the system and the performance of the system has been evaluated. The effects of geothermal water temperature and electrolysis on the amount of generated hydrogen have been studied and it has been shown that these parameters have a correlation with each other. Also, energy, exergy and thermo-economic analysis methods have been carried out by using MATLAB software.

scholarly journals Development of an Unmanned Surface Vehicle for the Emergency Response Mission of the ‘Sanchi’ Oil Tanker Collision and Explosion Accident

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2704
Author(s):  
Huayan Pu ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Jun Luo ◽  
Shaorong Xie ◽  
Yan Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Path Following ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Time Scanning ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Intelligent Devices ◽  
Navigation Accuracy ◽  
Oil Tanker

Unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) as unmanned intelligent devices can replace humans to perform missions more efficiently and safely in dangerous areas. However, due to the complex navigation environment and special mission requirements, USVs face many challenges in emergency response missions for marine oil spill accidents. To solve these challenges in the emergency response mission of the ‘Sanchi’ oil tanker collision and explosion accident, we designed and deployed an USV to perform the missions of real-time scanning and water sampling in the shipwreck waters. Compared with the previous USVs, our USV owned the following characteristics: Firstly, the improved navigation control algorithms (path following and collision avoidance) can provide high navigation accuracy while ensuring navigation safety; Secondly, an improved launch and recovery system (LARS) enabled the USV to be quickly deployed and recovered in the mission area; Thirdly, a new sampling system was specially designed for the USV. Our USV completed the missions successfully, not only providing a lot of information for rescuers but also offering a scientific basis for follow-up work.

Comparison of Performance and Emission Characteristic of Tamanu, Mahua and Pongamia Biodiesel in a Di Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Parthasarathy ◽  
J. Isaac Joshua Ramesh Lalvani ◽  
B. Parthiban ◽  
K. Annamalai
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Emission Characteristic ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Petroleum Reserves

Random extraction and consumption of fossil fuels have leads to a reduction in petroleum reserves. As for as developing countries like India is connected the need to search for alternative fuels is most urgent as India is heavily dependent upon the import of petroleum to meet its demands for automotive and power sectors. This has inspired curiously in alternative sources for petroleum based fuels. An alternative fuel must be economically competitive and environmentally acceptable. India has great potential for production of biofuels like Biodiesel from vegetable seeds. In the quest to find an alternative to the existing diesel and petrol fuels various Biodiesel and alcohol has been tried and tested in the Internal Compression engine. In this direction, an attempt has been made to investigate the performance and emission characteristic of Biodiesels and compare it with diesel. The Biodiesels considered are Tamanu, Mahua and Pongamia were tested with four stroke diesel engine. A drastic improvement in reduction of Hydrocarbon (HC) and Carbon monoxide (CO) were found for Biodiesels at high engine loads. Smoke and Nitrogen oxides (NOx) were slightly higher for Biodiesels. Biodiesels exposed similar combustion stages to diesel fuel. Therefore use of transesterified vegetable oils can be partially substituted for the diesel fuel at most operating conditions in term of the performance parameters and emissions without any engine modification.

scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF PERIODIZATION OF THE HISTORICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PHENOMENON

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Semenovska
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Study Data ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Scientific Task ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Pedagogical Research ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
High Level ◽  
Further Development

Based on the analysis of the achievements of the classical and modern philosophical, psychological and pedagogical knowledge, theoretical and methodological foundations for substantiating the periodization of the historical and pedagogical phenomenon are determined. In this regard, the general scientific, pedagogical and historical-pedagogical approaches have been characterized, their importance has been proved to ensure the narrative nature of the study, the unity and continuity of the historical-pedagogical process.It is proved that the periodization of historical and pedagogical phenomena is one of the most complex, complex and multilevel problems of scientific knowledge. Periodization requires a thorough study of the object of study, data related to the pedagogy of science, a developed scientific and methodological worldview of the researcher. Analysis of the state of periodization of historical and pedagogical phenomena will identify the most typical shortcomings in the implementation of this scientific task, so to create conditions for further development of methodological foundations of historical and pedagogical science.The article states that classical and modern philosophical teachings are reflected in general and specific scientific methodologies of historical and pedagogical research, the main provisions of which are interdependent and interact with each other. This approach ensures the objectivity and narrative of scientific research, which is aimed at justifying the periodization of the historical and pedagogical phenomenon. Analysis of the methodological foundations of the problem allows us to conclude that their specificity is a combination of the doctrine of cognitive and practical methods. Therefore, the definition of theoretical and methodological principles of studying periodization is not only a means of achieving a high level of generalization, but also a tool for the practical transformation of pedagogical reality on a scientific basis. Key words: period ization, historical and pedagogical phenomenon, development, scientific approaches, philosophical doctrine.

scholarly journals Xenotransplantation: history, problems and development prospects

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
V. A. Gulyaev ◽  
M. Sh. Khubutiya ◽  
M. S. Novruzbekov ◽  
A. S. Mironov ◽  
O. D. Olisov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Tissue Transplantation ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Rejection Reaction ◽  
Xenograft Rejection ◽  
Scientific Section ◽  
History Of ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Development Prospects

The paper reviews the milestones and prerequisites in the history of the emergence and development of xenotransplantation. The currently existing barriers (immunological, infectious, genetic, ethical, and regulatory) to the development of this organ and tissue transplantation type have been studied. Available data on theoretical research and experimental studies have been reviewed. The prospects for performing xenotransplantation in various combination of species have been assessed. The forms and variants of the xenograft rejection reaction have been described. Genetic engineering approaches to overcoming xenoimmunological incompatibility are described. An assessment is made of ways to overcome existing barriers and prospects for the further development of xenotransplantation as a scientific section of transplantology.

Mathematical model of oil-containing water purification process in the volume of granulated media

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (3) ◽  
pp. 879-885
Author(s):  
Valeriy Ivanovich Istomin ◽  
Elena Stanislavovna Solodova ◽  
Viktoria Valer’evna Khlebnikova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Filtering Element ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
First Time ◽  
Further Development

A mathematical model of oil-containing water purification process in the volume of granulated media is developed. On the basis of this model, the purifying ability of filtering unit with granulated coalescing media, which regenerates filtering media in the mode of pseudo liquefaction of granule without disassembling and replacement of filtering element, is studied. In the process of theoretical research, the physical model of oil-containing water purification process in the volume of granulated coalescing media is elaborated. The consistent patterns of the analysed process have gained further development. Due to these patterns, the factors which determine the effectiveneness of purification are established. After realization of the experiment plan for the first time, the mathematical model of a ship’s oil-containing water purification process in the volume of granulated media on the basis of the regression equation has been received. This model allows to calculate the rational constructive and operational parameters of the plant with granulated filter elements.

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