scholarly journals A RARE CASE STUDY OF MEDULLARY CARCINOMA OF DESCENDING COLON REPORTED ON HISTOPATHOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajvala Choudhary ◽  
Chandrika Gupta ◽  
Lakhami Chand Sinsinwar ◽  
Sapna Shrivastava ◽  
Sanjeev Singh Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Strong Association ◽  
Medullary Carcinoma ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
World Health ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Undifferentiated Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Carcinoma Of Colon ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Deficient Mismatch Repair

Medullary carcinoma (MC) of the colon is a rare and unique histologic subtype of colorectal cancer whichcharacterized by poor glandular differentiation and intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltrate. This has now been incorporated as a separate entity in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of colorectal cancers.It is commonly associated with deficient mismatch repair proteins and has a strong association with Lynch syndrome. Diagnosis is challenging as it does not have the usual immunohistochemical stains on pathology seen in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Here, we discuss an interesting case of MC of the colon that was metastatic on presentation and constituted a diagnostic challenge1. Keywords: medullary carcinoma, colorectal carcinomas (CRC), medullary carcinoma of colon,poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated adenocarcinoma.

scholarly journals Could it be Quetiapine-induced Peripartum Cardiomyopathy?

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Mandeep Kaler ◽  
Rameen Shakur ◽  
Hazel I Learner ◽  
Andrew Deaner ◽  
Richard J Howard
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Life Threatening Complication ◽  
Health Organization

Peri-partum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare and life threatening complication of pregnancy. There are only two cases registered with the World Health Organization of cases of cardiomyopathy in patients taking Quetiapine. Here we discuss an interesting case of potential Quetiapine induced cardiomyopathy.

Mediastinoscopy: The Predictive Survival Value in Staging Carcinoma of the Lung

1978 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis W. Welsh ◽  
John J. Welsh
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Behavior Pattern ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Average Life Span ◽  
Metastatic Behavior ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Health Organization

One hundred and thirty-seven cases of Stage III lung cancer established by mediastinoscopy have been followed to determine their survival. The tissue was classified according to World Health Organization schema and the degree of dedifferentiation graded from well to poorly differentiated. Two percent of the presented cases are well-differentiated tumors; the remaining 98% are moderately well-differentiated (11%), or poorly differentiated or small cell tumors (87%). The degree of anaplasia suggests an increasingly aggressive metastatic behavior pattern. The average life span is approximately 5 1/2 months in all groups and subgroups which were studied. Recommendations are presented for the utilization of mediastinoscopy in Stage I and II cases. Further considerations are suggested for priority of diagnostic procedures in establishing the diagnosis of lung cancer.

scholarly journals An interesting case of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with T315I mutation raising suspicion of de novo AML, a diagnostic conundrum.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phool Iqbal ◽  
Aamir Shahzad ◽  
Zubair Shahid ◽  
Aden Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Sohaib Qamar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Philadelphia Chromosome ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorder ◽  
World Health ◽  
T315i Mutation ◽  
De Novo Aml ◽  
Health Organization

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder due to translocation between chromosomes (9, 22), known as the “Philadelphia chromosome.” In 2016, the World health organization (WHO) introduced a new clinical entity of de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Both diseases share some commonalities, therefore, create a challenge to diagnose.

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Hematology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Cutler
Keyword(s):  
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Transfusion Dependency ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Transplantation is the only known cure for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). While some comparative analyses have demonstrated early transplantation to be the preferred strategy for all MDS patients, many of these analyses are biased. Using newly identified prognostic factors and models, a rational approach to transplantation can be undertaken. Factors such as transfusion dependency, cytogenetics, medical comorbidity, and World Health Organization (WHO) histologic subtype should all be considered when deciding on the role of transplantation for the MDS patient. Unresolved issues in transplantation include the impact of pre-transplant tumor debulking with traditional chemotherapeutic agents or the new DNA hypomethylating agents, and the optimal timing of reduced-intensity conditioning transplantation for older patients or for those with medical comorbidities.

scholarly journals Coronavirus Disease-2019, Diabetes and Dialysis in Southern Italy: The Second Wave Follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Felice Strollo ◽  
◽  
Ersilia Satta ◽  
Carmine Romano ◽  
Carmelo Alfarone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
World Health ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Health Organization

Background After the official coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)) pandemic declaration by the World Health Organization (WHO), Italy had the second-largest number of confirmed cases, after China. The Italian government introduced progressive infection-mitigation measurements, thus dramatically reducing social interactions and preventing virus spread. During the summer, infection containment measures progressively loosened until, due to an unjustified interpretation of some permissions and the excessive utilization of public transportation at school reopening, the contagion rate progressively increased until causing a severe challenge for our National Health Service (NHS) again. Aim To assess the efficiency of our previously described protocol in 18 Campania region-located Nefrocenter Consortium dialysis centers (DCs) as further adapted to new knowledge under the new ubiquitous contagion conditions and to identify SARS-CoV-2-infection mortality rate and risk factors. Methods 381 HCP members underwent regular monitoring on April 1 and November 13, 2020. Dialysis patients did so too during that period according to the expected shifting prevalence over time (mean±SD:853±30 per month; range 825 to 873) vs (11.8% in April, and 14.8% in November vs. a pre-coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) 12.0% rate in January). Results More patients got infected in November (10.19%) than in April (0,24%), and 22 patients of the 89 from the SARS-CoV-2 November positive subjects required hospitalization for moderate-severe symptoms (24.72%), with death unavoidably coming in 19 (86.36% of hospitalized and 21.35% of infected patients) compared to the only one recorded in April (0.12%). The pandemic’s two periods showed a strong association between mortality rate and often co-existing comorbidities, primarily represented by arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Conclusion The previously efficient contagion containment measures adopted by our DCs were not enough in November to fight the global infection risk pending on the whole Italian social community around. The author, discuss possible reasons and put forward further suggestions for the best handling of any future infection waves.

Tanning Behavior of London-Area Youth

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Gordon ◽  
Lyn Guenther
Keyword(s):  
Strong Association ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Self Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Sunscreen Use ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Use Of Knowledge ◽  
The Impact

Background: The World Health Organization recommends that tanning parlors not be used by individuals under age 18 years. The impact of self-tanners on tanning parlor and sunscreen use by Canadian teens is unknown. Objective: To determine teens' use of, knowledge of, attitudes toward, and behavior regarding tanning parlors, self-tanning products, and sunscreen. Methods: Self-report questionnaire of grade 10 students in Thames Valley district, Ontario. Results: Indoor tanning parlors were used by 14%, self-tanners by 28%, and sunscreen daily or most days by 36%. Use was more common in females. There was a strong association between parental and child use of tanning parlors and use of self-tanners. Sixty-two percent believe that self-tanners give adequate photoprotection. Conclusions: Further education is required to address teen tanning parlor use, infrequent sunscreen use, and lack of knowledge about the safety of tanning parlors and self-tanning products.

scholarly journals Ikaros is heterogeneously expressed in lung adenocarcinoma and is involved in its progression

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052094586
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Tong-bing Chen ◽  
Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
World Health ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
World Health Organization Classification ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Resected Stage ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinomas

Objective The aim of the present study was to assess the expression of the Ikaros transcription factor (IKZF1) in lung adenocarcinoma and investigate whether expression levels of Ikaros are correlated with lung adenocarcinoma progression. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 325 cases of resected stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma, in which histological subtyping was performed according to the 2015 World Health Organization classification. We performed immunohistochemical examinations to assess expression of Ikaros in pulmonary adenocarcinomas and evaluated the correlation between Ikaros expression and cancer progression. Results Immunohistochemical staining was heterogeneous, with the majority of well-differentiated and moderately differentiated lung adenocarcinomas being weakly positive and the majority of the poorly differentiated lung adenocarcinomas exhibiting strong positive staining. Higher expression of Ikaros was associated with tumor recurrence or metastasis. Conclusions Ikaros is heterogeneously expressed in different subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma; higher expression of Ikaros was found to be associated with cancer progression.

scholarly journals Quantification of morphology of canine circumanal gland tumors: a fractal based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.C. Šoštarić-Zuckermann ◽  
K. Severin ◽  
M. Huzak ◽  
M. Hohšteter ◽  
A. Gudan Kurilj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Immunohistochemical Markers ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Health Organization

<p>Circumanal gland tumors are very common neoplasms of dogs. Their classification relies on microscopic examination and is further supported by a few immunohistochemical markers that help indicate their prognosis. However, new additional tests would be highly useful. The purpose of this study was to develop such a test using fractal analysis which is increasingly being applied in science, especially in the field of biomedicine. A total of 53 circumanal gland tumors were chosen from our department archives. After a precise histological classification according to the World Health Organization classification, the number of <em>de novo</em> classified samples was as follows: 15 adenomas, 11 epitheliomas, 21 well differentiated carcinomas, 6 poorly differentiated carcinomas. Ten samples of normal circumanal gland were also included as control. All samples were immunohistochemicaly stained with vimentin. All immunohistochemical reactions were photographed at two different magnifications -100X and 400X and converted to 1 bit in black and white (bitmap) images thus enhancing the positive vimentin reactions. These images were used for the assessment of fractal dimension applying the <em>box counting method</em> and computer software <em>Fractalyse</em>. To determine the significance of results, conventional statistics were performed using Statistica software. The overall vimentin stain score was significantly higher in epitheliomas and carcinomas than in normal circumanal glands (CG) or adenomas. Mean values of fractal dimension estimated at magnification 100X and 400X were as follows: normal CG 1.318 and 1.372, CG adenomas 1.384 and 1.408, CG epitheliomas 1.547 and 1.597, CG well differentiated carcinomas 1.569 and 1.607, CG poorly differentiated carcinomas 1.679 and 1.723. Significant differences (at level of 5%) of these values were observed between individual groups of CG adenomas or normal CG, and epitheliomas or carcinomas. The above results indicate vimentin immunohistochemistry staining and assessment of fractal dimension as an ancillary diagnostic method of choice when discerning between benign and malignant tumors of circumanal glands. Additional development of the method of fractal dimension assesment may yield a possibility for this tool to successfully discern between all of the types of CG tumors.</p>

Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors: What (Little) Do We Know?

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 623-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin-Chi Chen ◽  
William D. Travis ◽  
Lee M. Krug
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
World Health ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Distinct Subset ◽  
Health Organization

Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors are a distinct subset of tumors composing approximately 20% of all lung cancers. The major categories of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors include typical and atypical carcinoids, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and the more common small cell lung cancer. They are classified into different categories in the 2004 World Health Organization system, but share structural and morphologic features. Despite these shared features, their clinical characteristics range from indolent to aggressive, and therefore the approach to treatment depends on the histologic subtype. This article discusses the current understanding of the epidemiology, pathologic characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of this spectrum of diseases.

Endocrine Neoplasms of the Pancreas: Pathologic and Genetic Features

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Capelli ◽  
Guido Martignoni ◽  
Federica Pedica ◽  
Massimo Falconi ◽  
Davide Antonello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Genetic Event ◽  
Primary Material ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Context.—Pancreatic endocrine neoplasms (PENs) are diagnostically challenging tumors whose natural history is largely unknown. Histopathology allows the distinction of 2 categories: poorly differentiated high-grade carcinomas and well-differentiated neoplasms. The latter include more than 90% of PENs whose clinical behavior varies from indolent to malignant and cannot be predicted by their morphology. Objectives.—To review the literature and report on additional primary material about the clinicopathologic features, classification, staging, grading, and genetic features of PENs. Data Sources.—Literature review of relevant articles indexed in PubMed (US National Library of Medicine) and primary material from the authors' institution. Conclusions.—The diagnosis of PEN is generally easy, but unusual features may induce misdiagnosis. Immunohistochemistry solves the issue, provided that the possibility of a PEN has been considered. Morphology allows the distinction of poorly differentiated aggressive carcinomas from well-differentiated neoplasms. The World Health Organization classification criteria allow for the discernment of the latter into neoplasms and carcinomas with either benign or uncertain behavior. The recently proposed staging and grading systems hold great promise for permitting a stratification of carcinomas into clinically significant risk categories. To date, inactivation of the MEN1 gene remains the only ascertained genetic event involved in PEN genesis. It is inactivated in roughly one-third of PENs. The degree of genomic instability correlates with the aggressiveness of the neoplasm. Gene silencing by promoter methylation has been advocated, but a formal demonstration of the involvement of specific genes is still lacking. Expression profiling studies are furnishing valuable lists of mRNAs and noncoding RNAs that may advance further the research to discover novel markers and/or therapeutic targets.

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