scholarly journals A Literature Review on Automatic Generation of Examinations

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Peter Ndegwa Ndirangu ◽  
Elizaphan Maina Muuro ◽  
John Kihoro

The examination is a key activity in determining what the learner has gained from the study. Institutions of higher learning (IHL) perform this activity through various assessment methods (test/examination, practical, etc.). The world today is focused on automation of exam generation which is ongoing with dire need during this period of the COVID-19 pandemic when education is greatly affected, leading to embracing online learning and examination. A text/exam comprises questions and answers that focus on evaluation to determine the student’s conversant level in the area of study. Each question has a cognitive level as described by (Armstrong, 2016) in the revised Bloom’s taxonomy. Questions chosen have cognitive levels based on the level of study and standardization of the exam. There is, therefore, a need to consider the question’s cognitive level along with other factors when generating an examination by incorporating deep learning algorithms.

Sains Insani ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Ira Meilita Ibrahim ◽  
Taufik A. Latif ◽  
Afi Roshezry Abu Bakar ◽  
Muthualagan Thangavelu

The advancement of European dress to the rest of the world was linked to the definition of civilization as “a stage of social development considered to be more advanced” and “polite and good-mannered”. The widespread of their fashion style in the 19th and 20th centuries influenced the way the rest of the world attire. The fashion trend and dressing style thus change the purpose of dressing through time. The dressing style in campuses especially in private institutions of higher learning is under particular scrutiny, as it is often said to be inappropriate for a learning environment. This study looked at the importance of moral education, and its role in implementing the dress code for students among university students especially between two types of university i.e. public university and private university. It looked on the dressing style of students, both male and female, and the factors that lead to their dressing pattern which is common among students. This study also advocated the students’ understanding of the content of dress codes in their learning institution and the role played by moral education in regard to dress code. The overall study highlighted students’ perception towards the implementation of the dress code and punishment in their learning institution. The methodologies used to carry out this study are questionnaires and interviews. This study will therefore ascertain the important of dress code among students at higher learning institution and the role of moral education in cultivating values in order to dress properly or decently. Key Words: moral education, dress code, higher learning institution, civilization.


2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polly Walke

A growing number of Native scholars are involved in decolonising higher education through a range of processes designed to create space for Indigenous realities and Indigenous ways of managing knowledge. Basing their educational approaches on Indigenous ontologies and epistemologies, they are developing Indigenist approaches within higher education. Ward Churchill (1996:509), Cherokee scholar, explains that an Indigenist scholar is one who:Takes the rights of indigenous peoples as the highest priority …who draws on the traditions – the bodies of knowledge and corresponding codes of value – evolved over many thousands of years by native peoples the world over.


2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tita Sunggarani ◽  
Euis Nursa’adah ◽  
Yunita Yunita

Abstrak: Ilmu kimia sebagai ilmu yang berdasarkan pada  penelitian (induktif), yang seharusnya mampu menyajikan soal yang menantang dan tersebar dalam enam level kognitif, hanya saja kondisi sebenarnya soal-soal kimia masih dibuat tradisional dengan berada pada level kognitif rendah. Soal olimpiade sebagai ajang kompetisi nasional siswa-siswa berprestasi di Indonesia pun belum diketahui level kognitif yang terkandung di dalamnya. Maka tujuan penelitian ini yakni, mendeskripsikan komposisi penyebaran soal terhadap tabel Taksonomi Bloom revisi, mendeskripsikan perbandingan soal OSN dan IChO (International Chemistry Olympiad) pada materi yang sama, dan  memetakan soal-soal tersebut terhadap standar kompetensi dan kompetensi dasar SMA/MA. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pada tahun 2012 tersebar pada prosedural-mengaplikasikan dan konseptual-memahami. Pada tahun 2013 tersebar pada dimensi prosedural-mengaplikasikan dan faktual-memahami. Berdasarkan konten materi dalam satu soal IChO  menuntut siswa dapat menemukan keterkaitan suatu materi dengan materi lainnya guna menyelesaikan soal tersebut sedangkan OSN tidak, tetapi keduanya  memiliki dimensi pengetahuan dan dimensi proses kognitif yang tidak terlalu berbeda yakni pada lingkup prosedural-mengaplikasikan dan prosedural-menganalisis. Hasil pemetaan terhadap SK-KD SMA/MA menunjukkan sebesar setengah dari jumlah ksesluruhan soal dapat dipetakan. Adanya analisis ini diharapkan menjadi masukan bagi guru untuk memberikan penguatan konsep kimia pada pembelajaran, agar siswa mampu mengerjakan berbagai macam soal, salah satunya soal OSN. Penelitian ini masih terbatas pada tahun 2012 dan 2013, sehingga dapat dikembangkan analisis untuk tahun-tahun lainnya. Kata-kata Kunci : Analisis, Taksonomi Bloom revisi, Dimensi Pengetahuan, Dimensi Proses Kognitif Abstract: Chemistry as a science that is based on research (inductive), which is supposed to be able to present a challenging problem and scattered in six cognitive levels, it's just that the actual conditions of chemical problems are still made traditionally with low cognitive level. Olympics as a matter of national competition top students in Indonesia is not yet known cognitive level contained therein. So the purpose of this study, describing the composition of matter of the spread of the revised Bloom's Taxonomy tables, describing the comparison about OSN and IChO (International Chemistry Olympiad) on the same material, and to map these problems to the standards of competence and basic competences SMA/MA. The analysis showed that in 2012 spread over-apply procedural and conceptual understanding. In 2013 spread to the dimension-apply procedural and factual-understand. Based on the content of the material in a matter of IChO requires students to be able to find a material relationship with the other materials in order to resolve these problems while OSN does not, but both have dimensions of knowledge and cognitive process dimensions are not too different from that in the scope of procedural-procedural-applying and analyzing. The results of the mapping of the SK-KD SMA / MA shows only half the number of ksesluruhan matter can be mapped. The existence of this analysis are expected to be the input for the teacher to provide reinforcement in learning chemistry concepts, so that students are able to do a variety of problems, one of which is a matter of OSN. This study was limited in 2012 and 2013, so that the analysis can be developed for other years. Key Words: Analysis, revised Bloom's Taxonomy, Knowledge Dimension, The Cognitive Process Dimension


Author(s):  
Marshall “Mark” Drummond ◽  
Matthew A. Robby

This paper examines the use of System-wide Assessments, an innovative initiative to enhance the accountability, quality, and effectiveness within the Higher Colleges of Technology of the United Arab Emirates. The authors review the historic and contemporary influences on college/university assessments and the key forces or factors which have shaped development and need of Outcome Assessments. The paper summarizes the literature on the best practices for assessment and promoting changes. The paper describes the objectives, structures, and processes involved with random use of System-wide Assessments among the 17 Federal colleges. A survey of 80 Deans and Chairs reports the perceptions and ratings of the process and impact of System-wide assessments. The lessons learned are described and inform recommendations for key components of an effective assessment system to promote accountability and improvement in higher education. Findings have significance for leaders of institutions of higher learning throughout the Middle East and the world.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Cordelia Onyinyechi Omodero ◽  
M. C. Okafor

This study investigates the determinants of audit expectation gap by reviewing several studies to establish its existence and the major causes of the expectation gap. In like manner, many other empirical works on the effectiveness of audit education in providing a solution to the anticipation breach issues are also examined.  The findings reveal the existence of review expectancy crack in different countries of the world.  The major causes of the breach also include performance deficiency, standard paucity, auditors’ compromise of their roles, and lack of public awareness of what the law specifies the auditors’ roles should be, among others.  In the light of the review, this study further discovers that the varying audit prospect disruption can be effectively managed by providing adequate and comprehensive audit education to various users of audit reports and the society at large.  In this study, we propose early learning of audit. An audit should be a general subject in the Universities and Institutions of higher learning.  This will help to equip future managers, managing directors, entrepreneurs, chief executive officers (C.E.O.s) of companies, investors and other stakeholders.


Author(s):  
Kuang Ching Hei ◽  
Maya Khemlani David

Purpose – This paper aims to identify the difficulties postgraduate students face in writing the literature review for their thesis and dissertation.   Methodology – Seventy postgraduate students from 9 faculties in one public university in the Klang Valley consented to participating in this study. They were 49 Masters candidates and 21 doctoral (PhD) candidates attending a workshop on academic writing. Among them, 31 were Malaysians and 39 were foreigners with majority being Arabs and Africans. After an icebreaking session, participants were asked what their writing diffi culties are when doing their literature review. They were told to write their responses in English in a paper. A linguistic analysis was then applied to the written phrases and expressions which denote their diffi culties. These were then categorised under common themes and manually counted in terms of the frequency.   Findings – A total of 37 categories of diffi culties were detected. They encompassed basic and advanced skills in reading and writing including ‘not knowing what to read’, ‘how to read’, ‘how to start writing’, ‘organising’, ‘doing a critical analysis’, ‘summarising’ and ‘synthesising’.   Significance – The fi ndings imply that most of the participants do not possess the necessary skills of reading and writing which are required in most postgraduate programmes. Thus, it is imperative that institutions of higher learning develop stricter criteria for student selection. Alternatively, a programme providing support in reading and writing may enable these postgraduate students to raise their level before being admitted. This kind of support can help to mitigate the burden imposed on supervisors as well as develop better quality postgraduate students.  


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-195
Author(s):  
Pirman Ginting ◽  
Yenni Hasnah ◽  
Selamat Husni Hasibuan ◽  
Ismail Hanif Batubara

This paper addresses the question of how cognitive levels covering high, middle, and low order thinking skills are delineated in the questions seen from Bloom’s revised taxonomic framework and stimulus. To answer this question, the final-term examination questions from five faculty courses were analyzed through document analysis. The documented examination questions are categorized and reviewed based on cognitive levels referring to revised Bloom’s taxonomy. The questions are also construed based on the stimulus in each question. The results report that the cognitive level of tests is not wholly based on higher-order thinking skills. Of the five courses, only one follows the higher-order thinking skills-based question-writing system, and none of the items refers to middle-order thinking skills. Thus, the cognitive level on the test instruments has not led to an increase in thinking skills or is still at a low level of thinking.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3034-3039

Nowadays, a lot of research is going on in healthcare. One of the significant diseases increased all over the world is Diabetes Mellitus (DM). In this paper, the literature review is done on diabetes prediction using Machine Learning and Deep Learning techniques. Various ML algorithms are used using PIDD (Pima Indian diabetes dataset), and improved k- means using logistic regression among all algorithms achieved the highest accuracy. DL algorithms like CNN and LMST used in diabetic retinopathy images.


Author(s):  
Neeta Baporikar

Being an academic leader is a tough job and leading institutions of higher learning is definitely challenging in current scenario. It has become more challenging due to shrinking of budgets, rise in public scrutiny and expectations, commercialisation, massification. Responsibilities continue to grow for academic leaders. But leading a B-School which is also an institution of higher learning is more than a tough job. It is in fact a roller coaster ride. So what is that makes leading B-School so bewildering and what are the imperatives in leading a B-School is the focus of this paper? Adopting in depth literature review and contextual analysis of secondary published data, reports and deep observation as a part of B-School for nearly two decades the paper also proposes a holistic framework to lead a B-School to achieve its rightful place, become more responsible for ensuring sustainability and growth in the context in which it operates.


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