scholarly journals Educational Background and Gender Factors Affecting Sales Turnover of SMEs Sugar Ants Entrepreneur

2021 ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Titis Nistia Sari ◽  
Dabella Yunia ◽  
Edy Arisondha

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of educational background and gender on the sales turnover of UKM Sugar Ant Entrepreneurs. The method used is SEM PLS 3 with a population of 50 respondents of SMEs Sugar Ant Entrepreneurs. The results of the study found that educational background had a positive effect on sales turnover of SMEs Sugar Ant Entrepreneurs, while gender did not have a positive effect on sales turnover of SMEs Sugar Ants Entrepreneurs. So, the Sugar Ant Entrepreneurs who are in Lebak Banten in obtaining sales turnover are not determined by gender itself, but are determined by educational background

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (V) ◽  
pp. 252-266
Author(s):  
Hellen Kanaiza Barang’a ◽  
Chrispen Maende

Embracing and managing diversity in today’s business world is an essential part of successful business practices as it brings various voices to a team, improves morale and increases overall productivity. However, manager face difficulties in understanding the value of each person’s unique abilities or voice, there may arise some instances where certain employees still have conflicts. Ineffective communication of key objectives results in confusion, lack of teamwork, and low morale. In the office of the attorney general and department of justice now going through a massive influx of young workforce in both gender with diverse educational background and from different ethnic groups have brought a challenge of having different sets of values, expectations, and work styles in the work place and also understanding the other’s culture has been a heavy task on managing work force in the organization. It is due to this regard that this study sought to investigate the influence of workforce diversity on employee performance in the office of the Attorney General and Department of Justice in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study specific objectives were to examine the influence of educational background diversity, ethnicity diversity, age diversity and gender diversity on employee performance. The theories guiding the study were the human capital theory, social identity theory, social exchange theory and social categorization theory. This study will use descriptive survey research design. The unit of observation was office of the Attorney General and Department of Justice in Nairobi City County, Kenya and the unit of observation was 5 Human Resource Managers and 50 Support Staff from HRM department. A census of 55 respondents was carried out. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. Quantitative data was analysed with the use of descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviations and presented using tables, graphs, charts and figures. Content analysis was used to test data that was qualitative in nature or aspect of the data collected from the open ended questions. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the extent to which the variables relate to each other. The study examined that educational background diversity, ethnicity diversity, age diversity and gender had a positive and significant relationship on employee performance. The study concluded that employees with diverse educational background promote higher levels of consistency, creativity because of their unique perspectives. Ethnicity diversity management improve gains in worker welfare and efficiency, leads to reduced turnover costs, fewer internal disputes and grievances, prevention of marginalization and exclusion of categories of workers, improved social cohesion and so on. Age diversity in the workplace provides a larger spectrum of knowledge, values, and preferences. Having a diverse gender within the organization leads to a wider talent pool, encourages different points of view and approaches that come from different life experiences and the organization to challenge gender stereotypes. The study recommended that the organization should employ people of different backgrounds in education so as to improve creativity and innovation. The organizational management has responsibilities when it comes to promoting and monitoring ethnic diversity policy in the workplace. It is highly essential for the organization to find effective ways to meet the challenges of age diversity because both the old and the young employees can make tremendous contributions to the organization, in their own unique way. The organization should encourage team leaders to select diverse groups for projects to ensure the genders do not naturally separate.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yin ◽  
Yurong Yu

BACKGROUND Currently, changing behaviors with the assistance of mobile applications has been popularized. However, most of the participants are unable to persist in participating in behavior-changing activities for a long time. Some researchers have studied what factors motivate people to maintain behaviors-changing actions. There has been controversy about whether the commonly used triggers, negative results or competitions, could motivate behavior changes. In the meantime, the main methodology these researchers have been using is to conduct experiments, from which data was collected from subjects’ recalling previous behavior changing. The experiments are time-consuming, and the results can be unreliable. To resolve this problem, the Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) was developed to record real-time feedback. However, the EMA unavoidably increases the workload of the subjects. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the factors affecting behavior change, especially from the motivation aspect. Additionally, this paper attempted to identify a way to record human behavior changes without increasing the subjects’ workload. METHODS The methodology of “self-report” was adopted to report how people’s views regarding the behavior-changing intervention. To achieve a balance between workload and being timely, the self-reporting data was recorded once a day. After the 28-day “self-report” experiment, the “focus group” method was used to gather people’s feedback on behavior changing process. RESULTS This paper identified 9 factors: cooperation, competition, award, understandable graphic, reminder and alarm, trust and willing, gender, relation with disease and environmental factors). These factors could affect motivation of behavior changing. Besides, we found that negative results could be a motivation for behavior changing. In the experiment, we also found that a small number of subjects tended to cheat for a more “beautiful” result. The last part of the paper has presented possible implications for technology design to facilitate behavior-changing. CONCLUSIONS In particular, (i) the research promoted the possibility of cheating when recording data which is ignored by existing research and will make the digital applications less useful; (ii) the results show that not all cooperation is needed to lead to a positive effect; (iii) the research identified the negative results caused by over-competition in behavior change. Finally, the paper proposes technology design directions should focus on giving motivation through keeping dairy, negative results feedback and avoid cheating.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Kardoyo . ◽  
Ahmad Nurkhin ◽  
Muhsin . ◽  
Hasan Mukhibad ◽  
Fatmala Dewi Aprilia

This study aims to examine the effect of knowledge, promotion, and religiosity on the interest in using Islamic banking services. The purpose of the next research is to examine the effect of knowledge on religiosity. In addition, this study also examines the effect of educational background and age on saving interest in Islamic banks. The population in this study are customers of Bank Syariah Mandiri, Brebes, Central Java, Indonesia. Ninety-nine research samples were obtained. The data collection method used was questionnaires. The data analysis method used was SEM-PLS. The results showed that only promotion proved to have a positive and significant effect on interest in using the services of Islamic banks. Knowledge and religiosity have not been proven to have a significant effect on interest in using services of Islamic banks. Likewise, background and gender do not have a significant effect. The next research result is that there is a positive and significant influence of knowledge on religiosity; there is also a positive and significant influence on the promotion of knowledge. This study recommends the importance of continuing socialization and education from Islamic banking stakeholders in Indonesia to continue introducing Islamic banks to the public.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215265672110038
Author(s):  
Markus Jukka Lilja ◽  
Anni Koskinen ◽  
Paula Virkkula ◽  
Seija Inkeri Vento ◽  
Jyri Myller ◽  
...  

Objectives The aim was to compare the control of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), in patients with/without nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD). Study Desing: A retrospective hospital-based sample of CRSwNP patients with/without NERD with follow-up. Setting Tertiary rhinology centers. Methods Electronic patient record data from 116 CRSwNP patients (46 with NERD and 70 without NERD) undergoing ESS during 2001–17 were studied. Mean follow-up time was 9.9 years (range 1.1–15.3). Endpoints reflecting uncontrolled CRSwNP were revision ESS, and need for rescue/advanced therapy (e.g. antibiotics, oral corticosteroids and/or biological therapy) during follow-up. NERD was variable of interest and gender, age, asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), smoking, Lund-Mackay (LM) score of sinus computed tomography scans previous ESS and baseline total ethmoidectomy were used as covariates. Results Twenty-one (49.7%) NERD patients and 18 (25.7%) non-NERD patients underwent revision ESS within a mean ± SD of 4.3 ± 2.8 and 3.7 ± 2.6 years, respectively (p = .013, by Logrank test). In Cox´s regression models, NERD, female gender, young age, asthma, AR, previous ESS, and lack of total ethmoidectomy were associated with revision-ESS. In adjusted model, only the total ethmoidectomy predicted revision-free survival. In adjusted logistic regression model, there was an insignificant trend that NERD and LM score were associated with the need for rescue/advanced therapy in the follow-up. Conclusions Patients with NERD had higher risk of uncontrolled CRSwNP than patient group without NERD, as measured by revision ESS and/or need for rescue/advanced therapy in the follow-up. In addition, baseline total ethmoidectomy was associated with revision-free survival.


2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 338-349
Author(s):  
Maryam Afshari ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal ◽  
Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai ◽  
Mohammad Javad Assari ◽  
Akram Karimi-Shahanjarini

Farmers in developing countries use harmful pesticides while taking few or no protective measures. There is limited evidence on factors affecting their safety measures. The objective of this study was to identify the underlying factors influencing farmers’ protective behaviors (PBs) and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the exposure to pesticides. From April to August 2017, a descriptive study was conducted in Twiserkan County in western Iran among 474 farmers from 104 villages. A questionnaire was developed to measure demographic characteristics and factors suggested in integrated agent-centered (IAC) framework. The questionnaire was validated in terms of content validity through expert reviews and tested for reliability in a group of farmers. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews with farmers. Physiological arousal (β = .154, p < .05), intention (β = .345, p < .05), habit (β = .188, p < .05), and contextual factors (β = .101, p < .05) had a significant and positive impact on farmers engaging in pesticide PBs. Among the assessed factors, only physiological arousal (β = .122, p < .05) and habit (β = .646, p < .05) were found to have a significant and positive effect on the use of PPE, but the intention (β = –.039, p > .05) and contextual factors (β = –.009, p > .05) had no significant relation with the use of PPE. The results of this study identified determinants of farmers’ safety measures. Our results suggest that the IAC framework could serve as a guide to developing a more effective intervention for safety measures of Iranian farmers.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Aysegul Sagkaya Gungor ◽  
Yusuf Ihsan Kurt

Making customers adopt mobile banking is a great challenge for banks, and especially for Islamic banks. This study investigates the factors that could predict the customers' use intention of the mobile banking services of Islamic banks by applying the conceptual model of UTAUT2. The model was further extended with gamification, as a promising tool to ease the adoption, while discussing the moderating effect of age and gender for all variables. The applied questionnaire to collect data has resulted in 205 respondents. The findings implied that facilitating conditions, habit, price value, and performance expectancy are effective variables in Islamic banking customers' behavioral intention to use m-banking. Gamification has a positive effect only when customers are younger than 30. It is further discovered that only the customers 30 and older had performance expectancy. Regarding gender differences, the only finding is the men's greater interest in the price value.


Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayandokht Taleb ◽  
Dorothea Parker ◽  
Lamya Ibrahim ◽  
Billie Hsieh ◽  
Muhammad E Haque ◽  
...  

Introduction: We asked whether intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation facilities(IRF) improve differently based on their involvement of the corticospinal tract(CST). Aim: To predict associating radiological factors affecting discharge FIM score. Methods: We reviewed the patients’ characteristics and their respective imaging findings presenting with ICH between 4/17 to 8/19. The ICH volume and edema around the ICH were measured using analyze software. The main outcome measure was FIM score at time of discharge. Statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: Among the 53 patients included, 49% were female. The median age of the patients was 62 years (IQR 25,89). The median length of stay at IRF was 22days (IQR 14,26). In univariate analysis, FIM score at the time of discharge FIM score at the time of discharge admission were significantly associated with NIHSS (estimate -1.26, p<0.001), and ICH volume (estimate -3.45, p=0.01). However, the univariate analysis did not reveal an association of age (estimate -0.15, p=0.4) and gender (estimate 0.207, p=0.97) with FIM score at the time of discharge.Multiple regression analysis reflected that the CST involvement had a decrement in functional improvement on FIM in comparison with patients with intact CST when adjusting for age ( p = 0.008), gender ( p <0.01), NIHSS at the time of admission ( p <0.01), and the ICH volume ( p =0.02). Conclusion: This preliminary study suggests that functional improvement declines in ICH patients with CST involvement.


2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Manning ◽  
Ian Smith

This article explores the factors affecting post-rebel party electoral performance. We present new research tracking the participation of these groups in national legislative elections from 1990 to 2016. Our full data set covers 77 parties and 286 elections in 37 countries. It includes parties formed after conflicts of varying length and intensity, with different incompatibilities, in every region of the world, and in countries with disparate political histories. Our analysis suggests that post-rebel parties’ early electoral performance strongly affects future performance, and that competition – crowd-out by older rival parties – and pre-war organizational experience in politics have a significant positive effect, particularly for those parties that are consistently winning more than about 10 per cent of seats. But especially for parties that consistently win very low seat shares, organizational characteristics yield increasingly to environmental factors, most importantly the presence of rival parties and the barriers to representation presented by electoral rules.


2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Rahman ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MJU Sarker ◽  
MA Bakr

Lentil is an important pulse crop widely grown in Bangladesh. It ranks first among the pulses in terms of area and consumers’ preference. BARI has developed many improved lentil varieties and disseminated to the farmers fields. The up-to-date information regarding adoption and financial profitability of this crop are unknown to the researchers and policymakers. Therefore, the study was conducted in Jhenaidah and Jessore districts to determine the adoption status and profitability of BARI lentil production and to examine the factors affecting the yield of BARI lentil during 2010-2011. Cobb-Douglas production function was used. The study revealed that 98% of the total lentil cultivated areas were occupied by BARI lentil varieties in the study areas. The average level of adoption of BARI Masur-3, BARI Masur-4, BARI Masur-5 and BARI Masur-6 were 49%, 47%, 1% and 1%, respectively at farm level. The cultivation of BARI lentil was profitable to the farmers since the per hectare total cost, gross return and net return of BARI lentil cultivation were Tk 52,734, Tk 80,572 and Tk 27,838, respectively. Functional analysis revealed that seed, urea, mechanical power cost and pesticides had positive effect on the yield of lentil production. Unavailability of latest BARI lentil seed, lack of technical know-how, lack of training, and diseases (root rot and stemphylium blight) were the main constraints to BARI lentil cultivation at farm level. BARI Masur-3 and BARI Masur-4 were the highly adopted varieties. The lentil production was profitable to the farmers in the study areas DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14384 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 593-606, December 2012


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