scholarly journals Gold Reserves in Majority Non-Muslim Countries and Muslim Majority Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Cliff Kohardinata ◽  
Clarissa Rachmadella Roshidawati ◽  
Helena Sidharta
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Precautionary Motive ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Muslim Scholars

This study aims to analyse the priority of gold reserves compared to other reserves between non-Muslim countries with Muslim-majority countries, considering that Muslim scholars often put forward studies on gold or gold reserves, and even become a discourse on using gold as a transactional tool. The research methodology used in this study is a quantitative approach using secondary data. The results of this study indicated that non-Muslim majority countries more considering to use gold based on a reserve motive or precautionary motive for preventing risk. On the other hand, the precautionary motive has no  effect on the decision of Muslim majority countries to prioritize gold as a reserve over other reserves.

scholarly journals إشكالية الزمن وعوضه في عقدي السلم، والبيع الآجل: دراسة تحليلية وصفية

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-248
Author(s):  
محمد عون الرحيم مسعد صالح ◽  
عز الدين محمد عبد المجد الغطاس
Keyword(s):  
Banking System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Value Of Time ◽  
Time Value ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Bank Financing ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Muslim Scholars

This paper purposes to discuss the basis for determining compensation in the contract of banking financing through the meanings and intentions which understood and implemented by Senior Muslim scholars in the four Sunni schools in most Muslim countries. There are several elements which must be considered in bank financing contracts, namely, goods, time, capital and time value. According to this perception is that time is the most important elements in the bank financing contracts which causes the issues of riba in the most of bank financing contract. The financing contracts are indeed considered as new kinds of contracts in the banking system. When the principle of sale contracts in Islamic jurisprudence basically represents everything in its meaning, it is inevitable that financing contracts in bank are referred to similar contracts in jurisprudence, and perhaps “salam" contract and deferred contract are the most similar contracts to the bank financing contracts. Therefore, this research is conducted on both contracts basis. In the other hand the most important reasons for divergence of views toward the issues is the elaborating the issues which began from the branch regardless determining the principles, focusing on the types. Therefore this research is attempting to discuss the basis of the rule of the value of time in the financing contracts of bank. The method of this research is to address to the views of Senior Fiqh Scholars of the four Sunni schools of analysis to reach the destinations included. Keywords: Uqud al-Tamwil al-Marafiy, al-Riba, al-Salam, Bay al- Ajil,time value ملخص تهدف هذه الورقة إلى مناقشة أساس تحديد العوض في عقود التمويل المصرفي، من خلال المعاني والمقاصد التي تضمنتها عبارات وتطبيقات الفقهاء الأقدمين في المذاهب السنية الأربعة، باعتبارها المنتشرة في أكثر الدول الإسلامية. في البداية لابد من الإشارة إلى أن المحل في عقود التمويل المصرفي مركب من عدة عناصر نجملها  في (السلعة والزمن، ورأس المال وعوض الزمن)، وطبقا لهذا التصور يعدّ الزمن أهم عناصر محل عقود التمويل المصرفي، ومن هنا تثور مسألة الربا في جل عقود التمويل المصرفي حيث أن عقود التمويل المصرفي من مستجدات العصر، ولما كانت قواعد  البيوع في الفقه الإسلامي تمثل أساسا  لكل ما في معناها، فإنه لا مناص من رد عقود التمويل المصرفي لما يشابهها في الفقه، ولعل عقد السلم، وبيع الآجل أكثر شبهاً لعقود التمويل المصرفي، ولذلك اعتمدها الباحث في بيان أسس وأحكام عقود التمويل المصرفي. وما دفع الباحث لهذا البحث ما تثيره هذه البيوع خاصة، وأعمال المصارف بشكل عام من إشكاليات، ومن أهم أسباب تباعد وجهات النظر حولها، وما يكتنفها من غموض هو البداية من الفرع عند بيان الحكم، وعدم تحديد الأسس، والتركيز على الشكل، ويحاول الباحث في هذه الورقة مناقشة أساس حكم قيمة الزمن في عقود التمويل المصرفي، والمنهج الذي يسير عليه الباحث هو التطرق إلى عبارات الفقه القديم، أي أصول المذاهب السنية الأربعة وتحليلها للوصول إلى المقاصد التي تضمنتها.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Vineeta Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Systematic Data ◽  
Religious Vision ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Religious Parties ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Do So

Many people believe that if religious parties come to power, they will inevitably proceed to curb the civil liberties of their citizens in order to realize their religious vision, particularly in Muslim-majority countries. Academic research on religious parties, on the other hand, claims that the need to compete in elections always incentivizes religious parties to moderate their behaviors and policies, including those on civil liberties. Neither of these assertions has been systematically tested across all Muslim countries. This book is the first to adjudicate this debate based on systematic data covering all Muslim-majority countries for a period of almost forty years. It highlights the role that religious lobbies play on this issue and identifies the specific conditions under which religious parties do moderate their religious positions and don’t curb civil liberties, and the conditions under which they do so.

“A Study on the Influence of Rewards on Job Satisfaction With Special Reference to Education Industry in Oman”

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Mrs Nithya Sambamoorthy ◽  
Mr Subhash Kodiyil Raman ◽  
Mr Bhraguram Thayyil
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Education Industry ◽  
College Of Technology ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This research is an examination and a study on the influence of rewards on job satisfaction of lecturers at Shinas College of Technology (ShCT). In academic industry, rewards are one of the factors that affecting job satisfaction of the employees and this will lead to affect their performance in their jobs. So, when rewards are more the job satisfaction will be high and when rewards are less the job satisfaction will be less. On the other hand, the age will not affect the job satisfaction. Previous research reveals that Job satisfaction is very important to success the industry and the rewards are the main factors which affect job satisfaction. The main purpose of this study is to know the influence of rewards in job satisfaction among the lecturers in ShCT. Moreover, this research attempts to identify how much rewards affect the job satisfaction in ShCT.  For this study used two types of data which are: primary data and secondary data. The sources of primary data is the response from lecturers at ShCT. It is collected through structured questionnaire and distributed such to 60 respondents. Secondary data, collected from internet, books, journals, articles etc.

scholarly journals SENI DALAM PERSPEKTIF HADIS NABI: Kajian Ma’ani al-Hadis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Wely Dozan
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Contemporary Context ◽  
Muslim Scholars

<p><span lang="IN">Seiring lahirnya berbagai pemahaman terhadap hadis-hadis Nabi, pada saat itulah keragaman umat Muslim dalam menyikapi isu-isu tentang seni akan selalu hangat dan tidak pernah usai diperbincangkan dalam pemikiran muslim. Ada yang memandang bahwa seni merupakan suatu hal yang dilarang olah Nabi. Disisi lain, ada yang memandang bahwa seni merupakan salah satu yang dianjurkan oleh Nabi</span><span>, b</span><span lang="IN">aik </span><span>dalam </span><span lang="IN">seni musik, seni menggambar, seni melukis, dan </span><span>seni lainnya</span><span lang="IN">. Tujuan penelitian ini akan mengkaji seni dalam sudut pandang ma’ani al-hadis<em> </em>terhadap teks-teks hadis dengan melihat <em>sosio-historis</em> dan implikasinya terhadap Islam. Hal inilah yang harus dibenahi oleh cendekia-cendekia muslim agar hadis-</span><span>hadis</span><span lang="IN"> Nabi dimaknai secara objektif dengan tidak meninggalkan teks dan konteks hadis yang disampaikan. Adapun metode penelitian</span><span> yang digunakan</span><span lang="IN"> yaitu <em>library research</em> </span><span>dengan</span><span lang="IN"> cara </span><span>m</span><span lang="IN">engumpul</span><span>k</span><span lang="IN">an data dalam buku, </span><span>artikel</span><span lang="IN">, jurnal, dan berbagai macam literatur-literatur </span><span>yang </span><span lang="IN">terkait</span><span> dengan</span><span lang="IN"> permasalahan yang dikaji </span><span lang="IN">untuk menemukan hasil. Hasil penelitian ini melalui kajian ma’ani al-hadis adalah bahwa konsep seni merupakan suatu hal yang dicontohkan oleh Nabi, dan seni pada hakikatnya boleh saja dipraktikkan dalam konteks kekinian yang tidak menunjukkan pada sebuah larangan. Bahkan seni dianjurkan dalam Islam.</span></p><p> </p><p>[<strong><span lang="IN">Art in </span><span>t</span><span lang="IN">he Perspective of Prophetic Hadith: </span><span>t</span><span lang="IN">he </span><span>S</span><span lang="IN">tudy of Ma'ani al-Hadith</span></strong><span lang="IN">. Through the emergence of various understandings of the Prophet's traditions, at this time the diversity of Muslims in addressing issues regarding art will always be </span><span>updated</span><span lang="IN"> and will never finish being discussed in Muslim thought. There are those who think that art is something that was forbidden by the Prophet. On the other hand, there are those who think that art is one of the things that the Prophet likes, </span><span>such as</span><span lang="IN"> music, drawing, painting art, and other arts. The purpose of this research is to examine art from the perspective of ma'ani al-hadith towards hadith texts by looking at the socio-historical and its implications for Islam. This is what Muslim scholars need to fix so that the Prophet's traditions are interpreted objectively without leaving the text and context of the hadiths being conveyed. The research method used is library research by collecting data in books, articles, journals, and various kinds of literature related to the problems being studied </span><span lang="IN">to find </span><span>the </span><span lang="IN">results. </span><span lang="IN">The result of this research through the study of ma'ani al-hadith is that the concept of art is something that was exemplified by the Prophet, and art in essence may be practiced in a contemporary context that does not indicate a prohibition. Even art </span><span>is recommended </span><span lang="IN">in Islam.]</span></p>

scholarly journals Analisis Ketidakpastian dalam Memanfaatkan Lahan Pertanian di Desa Sukasari Kaler Kecamatan Argapura Majalengka

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Sudrajat Sudrajat
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Scale Method ◽  
Other Hand

Abstrak Petani dalam memanfaatkan lahan pertanian selalu berhadapan dengan ketidakpastian. Di sisi lain petani juga harus mempertimbangkan berbagai jenis komoditi yang akan diusahakan agar tidak gagal panen. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan: (1) mengindentifikasi jenis ketidakpastian yang sering dihadapi petani  dalam  memanfaatkan lahan pertanian; dan  (2) menganalisis pengaruh ketidakpastian terhadap pertimbangan petani dalam menentukan jenis komoditi yang akan diusahakan. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan petani, sedangkan data sekunder dari beberapa instansi terkait. Pengukuran ketidakpastian dilakukan menggunakan metode skala likerts. Analisis data di lakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya keragaman jenis  ketidakpastian yang selalu dihadapi petani dalam pemanfaatan lahan pertanian dan ketidakpastian tersebut  telah dijadikan dasar oleh petani untuk mempertimbangan jenis komoditi yang akan diusahakan.Abstract Farmers in utilizing agricultural land always faced with uncertainty. On the other hand, farmers should also consider various types of commodities which will be endeavored that no crop failure.  Based on the above, the research is conducted with the objectives: (1) to identify the kinds of uncertainties often faced by farmers in utilizing agricultural land for farming activities; (2) to analyzes the influence of uncertainty on the consideration of farmers in determining the type of commodity to be cultivated. The data collected consist of primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from interview with farmer while secondary data from several related institutions. Measurement of uncertainty is done using likerts scale method. Data analysis is done descriptively qualitative. The results of the study found that the diversity of types of uncertainty often faced by farmers in agricultural land use and the uncertainty has been used as a basis by farmers to consider the types of commodities to be cultivated.

scholarly journals The Influence of Demographic and Herbal Characteristics on Purchase Decisions of Zingiberacea Familia: An Exploration in Kota Bharu, Kelantan Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S9) ◽  
pp. 1058-1062
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The Other ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Green Product ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Environmentally Safe

In Malaysia, for over a decade a product of Zingibereacea familia especially ginger are coming as one of the famous product in Malaysian market. The study brings out green product from Zingiber Officianale Roscoe (Ginger) among 100 respondents in Kota Bharu, Kelantan with a primary objective to search a response from the customer’s either this product can be presumed to be environmentally safe should be preserved as a medicinal plant and commercialized within and outside the country. In regard to the fact that “Green Marketing” is developed as a products that are presumed to be environmentally safe. The objective of this research was to determine usage profiles and some variables that influence the purchase decision of herbal medicine in Kota Bharu Kelantan, and (2) to evaluate the consumer’s response on the development of Zingiberacea Familia Based Product, either it can be a symbol of herbs that can be lifted as a health and beauty product in the preservation and preservation of Malay culture. Primary data was collected from the survey tabulated within the Kota Bharu society, and secondary data was collected from the available literature sources. The core idea of the finding are a world view is also a two-way bridge: A respondent shows a positive reaction that Zingibearacea Familia product could be be a symbol of herbs that can be lifted as a health and beauty product in the preservation and preservation of Malay culture. On the other hand, only age characteristic showed significant influence on purchase decision of green product from Zingiberacea Familia, on the other hand races, level of education and job sector didn’t show positive influence

scholarly journals Applicability of Artificial Intelligence in Decision-Making for Land Forces

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 039-054
Author(s):  
Paul Tudorache
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
The Other ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Military

Similar to other fields, also in the military one, the Artificial Intelligence has become recently an evident solution for optimizing specific processes and activities. Therefore, this research paper aims to highlight the potential uses of Artificial Intelligence in the military operations carried out by the Land Forces. In this regard, analysing the framework of the operations process and applying suitable research methodology, the main findings are related to AI’s contributions in optimizing commander’s decisions during the progress of planning and execution. On the other hand, picturing the AI upgrated combat power of the Land Forces is another significant result of this study.

Awareness of Safe Computing: A Quantitative Survey of Students at Universiti Tenaga Nasional

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2788-2805
Author(s):  
Wahidah Hashim ◽  
Amira Nabila ◽  
Marini Othman ◽  
Andino Maseleno
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Quantitative Survey ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
University Level

This paper presents awareness of safe computing in Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Malaysia. Research methodology approached by a quantitative survey that conducted through online questionnaire to justify problem on the safe computer and internet usage awareness among students in UNITEN Putrajaya. From this research, we get that majority number of Uniten Putrajaya students with total of 76.1% answered that they do aware of the meaning of safe computing which is a very good sign for a university level. On the other hand, 23.9% respondents answered that they do not understand about the meaning of safe computer.

scholarly journals Pragmatic Options of the Dialogical Text as a Language Unit

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Shpilnaya
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Informal Communication ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Communication Situation ◽  
Phatic Communication ◽  
Attachment Model ◽  
The One ◽  
Informative Communication

The purpose of the article is to analyse pragmatic variants of a dialogical text as a language unit. It is assumed that the pragmatic context of the dialogical text (dialogue) actualizing is associated with either informative or phatic intentions. Informative and phatic dialogues appear as pragmatic allotext of a dialogical text. The research methodology is based on the synthesis of derivational and anthropocentric language theories. The process of creating a dialogical text is considered, on the one hand, as a derivational process due to the suppositional relationship between the lexeme and the text, and on the other hand, as a process of interpreting the text in the pragmatic context of its actualization. The material for the study was the recording of oral and written speech of regular native speakers in an informal communication situation. The total number of analyzed speech patterns was 140 dialogic texts – 70 texts of each communication type. It is stated that the pragmatic actualization of the dialogical text is associated with the realization of paradigmatic and syntagmatic connections of lexemes. It is revealed that the syntagmatic model of a dialogical text genesis in informative communication is an adjoining model. A paradigmatic model of dialogic text genesis in informative communication is synonymy. In phatic communication, an attachment model was identified as a syntagmatic model of the genesis of a dialogical text. The paradigmatic model for the production of dialogic text in phatic communication is a homonym model.

scholarly journals ISU ISLAMISASI ILMU PENGETAHUAN DALAM PEMIKIRAN MUHAMMAD MUMTAZ ALI

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Saiful Anwar ◽  
Safiruddin Al Baqi
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Muslim Scholars

Muslim scholars or scientists are currently faced with a dilemma of thought and actions in responding to the challenges of the globalization. On the one hand, the onslaught of western thought such as secularism and liberalism is very strong, while on the other hand they must maintain the principles of Islamic law. So that their actions do not come out of Islamic law, it is very important for Muslim scientists to understand the concept of Islamization of Science. The figure who initiated this thought was Prof. Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas who then continues until now, one of them is Muhammad Mumtaz Ali. Muhammad Mumtaz Ali's works related to the Islamization of Science emphasize the importance of prioritizing the Islamization of science for Muslim scientists. The spirit of Islamization must continue to be strengthened for the advancement of Muslims. The vision and mission of the Islamization of Science will be difficult to achieve if Muslims are not united to achieve it. All Muslim scientists in various fields of knowledge are expected to understand Islamic law well, so that the knowledge they spread will not conflict with the rules of Allah SWT.

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