scholarly journals A study of serum zinc levels in children admitted with pneumonia in a tertiary care hospital in India

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 426-429
Author(s):  
Ashrin A Naushad ◽  
Ashrin A Naushad ◽  
Lalitha Kailas ◽  
Sreekanth K Sivaraman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

Background: Worldwide, pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years of age; especially, in developing countries. Objectives: The objective of the study is to investigate whether zinc deficiency and other nutritional factors are related to pneumonia in children between 6 months and 5 years old. Methodology: In this casecontrol study, a valid written consent was obtained from mothers of enrolled children. The cases included 75 children fulfilling the World Health Organization criteria for pneumonia, between the age group of 6 months and 5 years. They were interrogated for potential nutritional risk factors as per a predesigned proforma followed by a measurement of serum zinc levels. In the control group, 75 children of the same age group who were siblings of admitted children were included along with other children of the same age group admitted for non-respiratory complaints. A detailed case history was obtained and physical examination was done according to a predesigned proforma to elicit various potential risk factors. A semi-auto analyzer was used to measure the serum zinc levels through colorimetric methods using 5-bromo-PAS. Results: Significant nutritional risk factors identified were low serum zinc level, malnutrition, and anemia. Conclusion: The present study has identified various nutritional risk factors for pneumonia which can be tackled through effective education of the community and appropriate initiatives.

scholarly journals Serum Zinc Status in Post Menopausal Women Attending in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Nadia Ferdous ◽  
Farzana Akonjee Mishu ◽  
Shamsunnahar ◽  
Fahmida Islam ◽  
Shabnam Sarwar Sejooti
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

Background: Nutritional needs change throughout the various stages of life. While overall caloric needs tend to decrease with age, the requirements for individual micronutrients do not decrease. In fact, the needs for some micronutrients actually increase with age. The risk of nutritional disturbances mainly trace elements deficiencies is high during postmenopause causing or intensifying serious clinical symptoms. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Mymensingh Medical College Hospital during the period from July 2013 to June 2014. A total of 100 subjects were included in this study. Among them 50 apperantly healthy postmenopausal womenaged between 45-70 years were considered as case and another 50 regular menstruating premenopausal women aged between 30-40 years were selected as control. Results: The mean age of case and control groups was 50.5± 2.3 years and 36.5± 4.4 years respectively. In this study serum zinc levels in cases and controls were 71.54 ± 5.69 ìg /dl and 74.68 ± 5.453 ìg/dl respectively, and there was significant difference(p<0.01). Conclusion: Serum zinc level was significantly decreased in postmenopausal group in comparison to premenopausal women (p< 0.01). Estimation of serum zinc levels might be incorporated in every postmenopausal for possible prevention of complications. Birdem Med J 2019; 9(2): 147-150

scholarly journals FEBRILE SEIZURES

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 461-465
Author(s):  
Nathumal Maheshwari ◽  
Om Perkash ◽  
Mehmood Shaikh ◽  
Bilawal Hingorjo ◽  
Yasmeen Kazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

Objectives: To determine the serum zinc levels in children with simple febrileseizures reporting at a tertiary care hospital of Sindh. Study Design: Cross sectional study.Place and Duration: Department of Paediatrics, Layari General Hospital Shaheed MuhtramaBenazir Bhutto Medical College from January 2015 to February 2016. Methodology: A sampleof 120 children (60 cases and 60 controls) was selected through non- probability (purposivesampling) by pre defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. 3 ml venous blood was taken from aperipheral vein. Blood was process, centrifuged and sera were used for the analysis of serumzinc. Data of cases and controls was analyzed on Statistix 10.0 software (USA). P-value of≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Age of controls and cases was notedas 13.68±8.74 and 15.75±9.11 months respectively and most common age group was 12 - 24months in the cases. Male children predominated. Means± SD serum zinc was 79.03±24.17and 62.82±14.66 in controls and cases respectively (P=0.0001). Low serum zinc was noted in66.6% of cases compared to 40% in controls (P=0.0001). Conclusion: We noted low serumzinc levels in children with febrile seizures which may provoke febrile seizures. Children with lowserum zinc levels are prone to febrile seizures. 

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors for Severe Dehydration in Hospitalized Children in Ujjain, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Sharma ◽  
Aditya Mathur ◽  
Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg ◽  
Ashish Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Diarrhoea contributes significantly in the under-five childhood morality and mortality worldwide. This cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in Ujjain, India from July 2015 to June 2016. Consecutive children aged 1 month to 12 years having &ldquo;some dehydration&rdquo; and &ldquo;dehydration&rdquo; according to World Health Organization classification were eligible to be included in the study. Other signs and symptoms used to assess severe dehydration were capillary refill time, urine output, and abnormal respiratory pattern. A questionnaire was administered to identify risk factors for severe dehydration, which was the primary outcome. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to detect independent risk factors for severe dehydration. The study included 332 children, with mean &plusmn; standard deviation age of 25.62 &plusmn; 31.85 months; out of which, 70%(95% confidence interval [CI] 65 to 75) were diagnosed to have severe dehydration. The independent risk factors for severe dehydration were: child not exclusive breast fed in the first six months of life (AOR 5.67, 95%CI 2.51 to 12.78; p&lt;0.001), history of not receiving oral rehydration solution before hospitalization (AOR 1.34, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.78; p=0.038), history of not receiving oral zinc before hospitalization (AOR 2.66, 95%CI 1.68 to 4.21; p&lt;0.001) and living in overcrowded conditions (AOR 5.52, 95%CI 2.19 to 13.93; p&lt;0.001). The study identified many risk factors associated with severe childhood dehydration; many of them are modifiable though known and effective public health interventions.

scholarly journals The Effect of Biscuits Made From Pumpkin Seeds Flour on Serum Zinc Levels and Weight in Malnutrition Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (A) ◽  
pp. 428-433
Author(s):  
Aminuddin Syam ◽  
Fitrah Khaerani Burhan ◽  
Veni Hadju ◽  
C. Citrakesumasari ◽  
Andi Muhammad Akhmar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

BACKGROUND: Serum zinc levels are found to be low in children of protein energy malnutrition globally. Pumpkin seed flour has a high zinc content of 6.88 mg/100 g, has been formulated biscuits made from pumpkin seed flour with a zinc content of 1.52 mg/100 g. AIM: This study aims to determine the effect of giving biscuits made from pumpkin seed flour to serum zinc levels and body weight in malnutrition Wistar rats. METHODS: This research is a true experiment with pre-post-test with control group design. Subjects were 28 male Wistar strain rats induced by fasting malnutrition for 3 days and then given biscuits with a zinc dose of 0.027 mg; 0.054 mg; and 0.081 mg/BW/day and in the control group without biscuits for 2 weeks. Serum zinc levels were examined using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and one-way ANOVA test. RESULTS: Paired t-test results on serum zinc levels obtained p > 0.05 and on body weight obtained p < 0.05. One-way ANOVA test results on serum zinc levels after the intervention obtained p > 0.05 and at body weight obtained p < 0.05 followed by post hoc least significant difference test found that there were significant differences between the control group and the P1 group, a dose of 0.027 mg (p = 0.015) and P2 groups, doses of 0.054 mg (p = 0.012). Greater weight gain was found in the P1 group with an increase of 38.85%. CONCLUSION: The provision of biscuits made from pumpkin seed flour has an effect on increasing body weight of malnutrition Wistar rats and has no effect on serum zinc levels, so further research is expected to use different doses.

scholarly journals DRUG UTILIZATION STUDY IN OPHTHALMOLOGY OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT IN A GOVERNMENT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN MAHARASHTRA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Nishandar Tb ◽  
Kale As ◽  
Pise Hn ◽  
Jambhrunkar Sd
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group

Objective: Drug utilization research is an essential part of pharmacoepidemiology as it describes the extent, nature, and determinants of drug exposure. Indiscriminate use of topical antibiotics, steroids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs causes histological and structural changes in the conjunctiva. The present study was proposed to investigate prescription and drug utilization practices in ophthalmology outpatient department (OPD) in a government tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra.Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital of rural Maharashtra, India, from January 2015 to June 2016 after approval of the institutional ethics committee. Patients of all age group and of either gender attending ophthalmology OPD in a tertiary care hospital were included in the study. Patients not willing to consent as well as follow-up patients were excluded from the study. Data collection was done in a predesigned pro forma. Prescriptions were evaluated for demographic data, World Health Organization (WHO) core drug prescription indicators. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Office Excel® 2007.Results: In a total of 600 patients, females outnumbered males. A bit less than a half of patients belonged to the age group of 19–45 years. An average number of drugs per encounter was (1080/600), i.e. 1.8. Of 1080 total drugs prescribed, 678 drugs (62.78%) were prescribed by their generic name. 1027/1080 (95.09%) drugs were prescribed from the National List of Essential Medicines and 671/1080 (62.13%) drugs prescribed were from the WHO- Essential medicines List. Total encounters having antibiotics and injectable formulations were 274 (45.66%) and 4 (0.66%), respectively.Discussion: Drug utilization studies (DUS) are a tool for assessing the prescribing, dispensing, and distribution of drugs. The main aim of DUS is to facilitate rational use of medicines. Overall findings of the study suggest that ophthalmologists’ drug prescribing habits were appropriate to a larger extent in the current setting.

scholarly journals Clinical and laboratory profile and outcome of dengue cases among children attending a tertiary care hospital of South India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punith Patak Nagaram ◽  
Prathima Piduru ◽  
Venkata Krishna Munagala ◽  
Vishnu Vandana Matli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Laboratory Profile

Background: Dengue fever is an arboviral disease which is endemic in tropical countries and is of major concern with its morbidity and mortality. WHO classified dengue into three categories: undifferentiated fever, dengue fever (DF) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). Severe dengue is also regularly observed during primary infection of infants born to dengue-immune mothers. The objective of present study was to assess the clinical profile, laboratory profile and associated risk factors related to outcome of children less than 15 years of age. The outcome of the children and their management protocols were also assessed in the study.Methods: A prospective cross sectional study with 174 confirmed cases of dengue in children <15 years were enrolled and classified as per WHO guidelines. The demographic data, clinical history, laboratory parameters were noted in a separate questionnaire form. Hematological parameters were noted, chest x-ray, ultra-sonogram in required cases was done and observations noted. Cases were managed as per WHO protocol and risk factors were observed. The outcomes of the cases were noted as discharge or death of the case.Results: A total of 174 children with 149 non-severe dengue and 25 severe dengue cases with 95 males and 79 females were enrolled in the study. 6-10 years was the most common age group. The mean age of children admitted with severe dengue fever was 5.81yrs.and without severe dengue fever was 7yrs.The mean duration of hospitalization was 5.21 days in severe dengue and 3.4 days in non-severe dengue cases. Fever was the most common presenting symptom and hepatomegaly was the common clinical finding in the study.  Bleeding manifestations were seen in cases of severe dengue with raised haematocrit levels, raised SGOT levels and severe thrombocytopenia. Pleural effusion and gall bladder wall thickening with ascites was seen in severe dengue cases. Management was by administration of colloids and crystalloids.Conclusions: Dengue is a dreadful fever among pediatric age group which needs to be considered with great caution in management.  Understanding the risk factors helps in predicting the mortality which helps in management and better outcome of the fever. 

scholarly journals Identification of Risk Factors for Typhoid Fever in Children Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soma Halder ◽  
◽  
Md. Ekhlasur Rahman ◽  
Mst Mukta Sarker ◽  
Fabia Hannan Mone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital

Enteric fever remains a major public health problem in developing countries like Bangladesh. Improvement in the health facility, vaccination, and health-related awareness program the incidence of enteric fever among children is not decreased. The study aimed to find out the risk factors for enteric fever in hospitalized children in a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study to identify the risk factors in children residing in Dhaka city. We enrolled 50 enteric fever cases as a case group and 50 age-matched febrile patients as a control group. Result: Out of 50 cases, 2 patients were below one year and most of them were pre-school aged 26(52%). Univariate analysis showed that enteric fever is more who take food with the help of the mother and caregiver (OR=7.1); 95% CI= 26.7 -61.3) and never or rarely wash hands before preparing food and before feeding (OR= 5.7; 95% CI= 23.2 -52.8). Cases were eating outdoors at the mobile food vendors and consuming ice-cream regularly (OR=2.28; 95% CI=1- 39) whereas the control group also took street food but less frequently. Conclusion: Enteric fever is an exclusive food and water-borne systemic disease and one of the major public health problems in Bangladesh. Not only overcrowding, unsafe drinking water are the common risk factors but also hand washing both children and caregiver, poor food habit is the important risk factors. So, health education to children and food handlers may reduce the incidence of enteric fever in children.

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