scholarly journals A Rare Case of Drug-induced Vasculitis in Out-patient Department

2022 ◽  
pp. 544-546
Author(s):  
Abhishek Sharma ◽  
Gulnaz Bano ◽  
Abdul Malik
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Urgent Care ◽  
Patient Knowledge ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Organ Systems

Drug-induced vasculitis can be defined as inflammation of blood vessels triggered by a spectrum of drugs. It presents not only with a localized skin rash but also may involve the internal organ systems, including the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, lungs, central nervous system, and joints. Here, we report the case of a 60-year-old woman who developed purpuric pruritic rashes on bilateral lower limbs and buttocks after the ingestion of sulphasalazine. The patient took the prescribed regimen for 14 days while experiencing an adverse drug reaction. At the follow-up visit, the patient was admitted and treated with methylprednisolone monotherapy with 32 mg/day for the first 3 days and after that, methylprednisolone 16 mg for the next 3 days. The rashes resolved after 6 days. Clinicians should ascertain the patient knowledge of how and when to obtain urgent care as the patient may experience ill effects after taking prescribed treatment. Timely advice may save patients’ costs of admission and treatment to manage adverse events.

scholarly journals Schwannoma of the arythenoid

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Molinari Nardi ◽  
Alexandre Wakil Burzichelli ◽  
Elio Gilberto Pfuetzenreiter ◽  
Rogerio Aparecido Dedivitis
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Endoscopic Procedure ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Schwannoma is a benign encapsulated tumor that originates from the Schwann cells lining nerve fibers outside the central nervous system. We report a rare case of schwannoma that arose from the left arythenoid cartilage The patient underwent excision of the mass through microlaryngeal endoscopic procedure. No recurrence was observed during follow-up.

scholarly journals High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP): the Charité experience with a new central nervous system tumor entity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Bender ◽  
Eilís Perez ◽  
Mihaela Chirica ◽  
Julia Onken ◽  
Johannes Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
World Health ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumor ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
High Grade Astrocytoma ◽  
Tumor Entity

Abstract Purpose High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently described brain tumor entity defined by a specific DNA methylation profile. HGAP has been proposed to be integrated in the upcoming World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors expected in 2021. In this series, we present the first single-center experience with this new entity. Methods During 2017 and 2020, six HGAP were identified. Clinical course, surgical procedure, histopathology, genome-wide DNA methylation analysis, imaging, and adjuvant therapy were collected. Results Tumors were localized in the brain stem (n = 1), cerebellar peduncle (n = 1), diencephalon (n = 1), mesencephalon (n = 1), cerebrum (n = 1) and the thoracic spinal cord (n = 2). The lesions typically presented as T1w hypo- to isointense and T2w hyperintense with inhomogeneous contrast enhancement on MRI. All patients underwent initial surgical intervention. Three patients received adjuvant radiochemotherapy, and one patient adjuvant radiotherapy alone. Four patients died of disease, with an overall survival of 1.8, 9.1, 14.8 and 18.1 months. One patient was alive at the time of last follow-up, 14.6 months after surgery, and one patient was lost to follow-up. Apart from one tumor, the lesions did not present with high grade histology, however patients showed poor clinical outcomes. Conclusions Here, we provide detailed clinical, neuroradiological, histological, and molecular pathological information which might aid in clinical decision making until larger case series are published. With the exception of one case, the tumors did not present with high-grade histology but patients still showed short intervals between diagnosis and tumor progression or death even after extensive multimodal therapy.

scholarly journals Diagnosis, treatment, and misdiagnosis analysis of 28 cases of central nervous system echinococcosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojia Du ◽  
Yandong Li ◽  
Pan Wu ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Riqing Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Abstract Background To explore central nervous system (CNS) involvement in this disease, from the perspectives of diagnosis, treatment, and misdiagnosis Methods Twenty-eight patients with CNS echinococcosis were included in this retrospective study, including 18 males (64.3%) and 10 (35.7%) females. The average age of all the patients were 23.5 years (ranged 4–60 years). Twenty-three (23) patients (82.1%) received the first surgical resection in our hospital. Five (5) patients (17.9%) gave up surgical treatment for multiple-organ hydatidosis and previous surgery history at other hospitals, and albendazole was applied for a long-term (3–6 months) adjunct therapy for the 5 patients. The average follow-up time was 8 years. Results For the 28 patients, 23 cases received surgical treatments, and the diagnosis was confirmed by pathological examinations. The diagnosis of 4 cases of brain echinococcosis and 2 cases of spinal cord echinococcosis could not be confirmed, resulting in a misdiagnosis rate of 21.4% (6/28). For the pathological examination, a total of 17 cases were infected with Echinococcus granulosus (including 2 cases of spinal cord echinococcosis), and 6 cases were infected with Echinococcus alveolaris. Conclusion The diagnosis should be specifically considered in endemic regions. The clinical features of CNS hydatidosis were intracranial space-occupying lesions. For the treatment, the surgical removal of cysts should be necessary. In addition, the adjuvant therapy with drug and intraoperative prophylaxis is also suggested. The misdiagnosis may have resulted from atypical clinical features and radiographic manifestations, as well as the accuracy of hydatid immunologic test.

scholarly journals LINC-39. PERFORMANCE STATUS OF PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORS TREATED IN MEXICO, A SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii385-iii386
Author(s):  
Claudia Madrigal-Avila ◽  
Alfonso Perez-Bañuelos ◽  
Rafael Ruvalcaba-Sanchez ◽  
Lourdes Vega-Vega ◽  
Gabriela Escamilla-Asiain
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Surgical Morbidity ◽  
Tertiary Center

Abstract BACKGROUND Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid neoplasms in the pediatric age, they comprise about a quarter of all cancers at this age. Little is known about the specific epidemiology of this group in Mexico and there are no reports of results focused on the Performance Status of patients who are treated in a multidisciplinary setting. OBJECTIVE To describe the Performance Status of CNS pediatric patients after being treated with a multidisciplinary approach in a tertiary center. METHODS We report a retrospective chart review of all pediatric patients who presented to the Neuro-Oncology Clinic at Teleton Pediatric Oncology Hospital in Queretaro, Mexico, from December 2014 to January 2020. We analyzed age, gender, the extent of surgical resection and histopathology. Performance Status was assessed using ECOG and Karnofsky/Lansky scores during every patient’s last follow-up visit. RESULTS A total of 56 patients were treated, epidemiology and histopathology variants are similar to those described in the international literature. With a median follow-up of 33 months, 35 patients are alive (62.5%), 28 of them (74.2%) have an excellent Performance Status (ECOG score 0 or Lansky/Karnofsky ≥ 90), 5 (14.2%) scored ECOG 1–2 and only 4 (11.4%) scored ECOG 3–4. CONCLUSIONS A multidisciplinary approach with a focus on Performance Status and the potential for neurological recovery is essential in the management of pediatric patients with CNS tumors. Efforts should be aimed at reducing post-surgical morbidity and early rehabilitation to reintegrate patients into society in the long term.

Solitary Fibrous Tumors in the Central Nervous System

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarik Tihan ◽  
Michael Viglione ◽  
Marc K. Rosenblum ◽  
Alessandro Olivi ◽  
Peter C. Burger
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Clinicopathologic Features ◽  
Distinct Entity ◽  
Total Resection ◽  
Solitary Fibrous Tumors ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Extracranial Metastases

Abstract Context.—Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) of the central nervous system are rare neoplasms that usually present as dura-based masses and clinically resemble meningiomas. Histologically, they can be similar to fibrous meningioma or hemangiopericytoma (HPC). In particular, densely cellular regions seen in some SFTs can be indistinguishable from HPC. Little is known about the biological behavior of SFTs, although most seem amenable to total resection. Objectives.—To define the clinicopathologic spectrum of SFTs in the central nervous system and to outline their differences from HPC and meningioma. Design.—We present the clinicopathologic features of 18 patients with SFT and compare them with those of an age- and sex-matched cohort of HPCs. Results.—Eleven SFTs were supratentorial, 3 were infratentorial, and 4 were intraspinal. Four of the 18 tumors were intra-axial (2 in the lateral ventricles and 2 within the spinal cord). Histologically, SFTs were similar to their soft tissue counterparts. Six tumors (6/18) had densely cellular regions, and 1 tumor showed frankly anaplastic features. All but 3 patients underwent gross total resection, and there were no metastases or tumor-related mortalities during the median follow-up of 40 months. In contrast, there were 15 local recurrences (83%), 5 extracranial metastases (27%), and 4 tumor-related deaths (22%) in the HPC cohort. Conclusions.—Our study presents the clinicopathologic features of SFT as a distinct entity from both meningioma and HPC. We also present unusual examples of anaplastic, intraventricular, and intramedullary spinal SFTs that expand the clinicopathologic spectrum of these uncommon and sometimes diagnostically difficult neoplasms.

scholarly journals Gait Rehabilitation Device in Central Nervous System Disease: A Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuya Kubo ◽  
Takanori Miyoshi ◽  
Akira Kanai ◽  
Kazuhiko Terashima
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Central Nervous System Disease ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Nervous System Disease ◽  
Gait Rehabilitation ◽  
System Disease ◽  
Physical Burden ◽  
Rehabilitation Devices

Central nervous system diseases cause the gait disorder. Early rehabilitation of a patient with central nervous system disease is shown to be benefit. However, early gait training is difficult because of muscular weakness and those elderly patients who lose of leg muscular power. In the patient's walking training, therapists assist the movement of patient's lower limbs and control the movement of patient's lower limbs. However the assistance for the movement of the lower limbs is a serious hard labor for therapists. Therefore, research into and development of various gait rehabilitation devices is currently underway to identify methods to alleviate the physical burden on therapists. In this paper, we introduced the about gait rehabilitation devices in central nervous system disease.

scholarly journals Long-term medical imaging use in children with central nervous system tumors

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0248643
Author(s):  
Erin J. A. Bowles ◽  
Diana L. Miglioretti ◽  
Marilyn L. Kwan ◽  
Ute Bartels ◽  
Adam Furst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Tumor Diagnosis ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Cns Tumor ◽  
Longitudinal Imaging ◽  
The U.S

Background Children with central nervous system (CNS) tumors undergo frequent imaging for diagnosis and follow-up, but few studies have characterized longitudinal imaging patterns. We described medical imaging in children before and after malignant CNS tumor diagnosis. Procedure We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children aged 0–20 years diagnosed with CNS tumors between 1996–2016 at six U.S. integrated healthcare systems and Ontario, Canada. We collected computed topography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), radiography, ultrasound, nuclear medicine examinations from 12 months before through 10 years after CNS diagnosis censoring six months before death or a subsequent cancer diagnosis, disenrollment from the health system, age 21 years, or December 31, 2016. We calculated imaging rates per child per month stratified by modality, country, diagnosis age, calendar year, time since diagnosis, and tumor grade. Results We observed 1,879 children with median four years follow-up post-diagnosis in the U.S. and seven years in Ontario, Canada. During the diagnosis period (±15 days of diagnosis), children averaged 1.10 CTs (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09–1.13) and 2.14 MRIs (95%CI 2.12–2.16) in the U.S., and 1.67 CTs (95%CI 1.65–1.68) and 1.86 MRIs (95%CI 1.85–1.88) in Ontario. Within one year after diagnosis, 19% of children had ≥5 CTs and 45% had ≥5 MRIs. By nine years after diagnosis, children averaged one MRI and one radiograph per year with little use of other imaging modalities. Conclusions MRI and CT are commonly used for CNS tumor diagnosis, whereas MRI is the primary modality used during surveillance of children with CNS tumors.

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