Biotechnology and the potential of rhizosphere microorganisms in agricultural practices

Objective: To perform a brief introspective regarding the biotechnological management of microorganisms in the rhizosphere, its implementation in bioprocesses, and its practical application in field. Design/methodology/approach: Bibliographic review regarding the beneficial effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), which can be applied in bioformulations. Results: There are numerous documented applications of AMF and PGPR —both on laboratory and industrial scale for bioformulation production— aimed to improve crop yield and to provide resistance against abiotic stress and pests. Non-conventional uses are also shown in non-agricultural areas. Study limitations/implications: AMF and PGPR are widely recognized in agriculture due to their inherent ability to compete in harsh conditions within ecosystems, metabolism versatility, and production of secondary metabolites that enable beneficial interactions with plants and other microorganisms. However, industrial production of AMF presents challenges, as a result of their obligate biotrophs condition and a lack of compatibility with traditional bioprocesses. Findings/conclusions: The knowledge generated throughout rhizosphere research should be applied in the industry, in order to extend its use in agriculture.