Conflicting Perspectives on Humanitarian Intervention: In Light of the Darfur Crisis

This paper discusses the US and China’s response to the Darfur crisis in order to examine the underlying conflicting perspectives on the legitimacy of humanitarian intervention. The findings show that the US and China characterized the Darfur crisis differently. For the US the level of violence in Darfur was genocide; thus, robust humanitarian intervention was required to stop it. On the other hand, China described the situation as a crisis, but not genocide. Therefore, addressing it requires a peace process rather than humanitarian intervention. This is a clear indication of the conflicting perspectives that exist around the principle of humanitarian intervention. The reason is that national interest rather than humanitarian consideration seems to dictate their response to the Darfur crisis.

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Can India’s Higher Education Improve Through Better Management of Human Resources: A Comparative Study of India and the United States

Indian Journal of Human Development ◽

10.1177/00699667211063846 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 006996672110638

Author(s):

Jai Mohan Pandit ◽

Bino Paul

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Performance Management ◽

The United States ◽

The Other ◽

Hrm Practices ◽

Other Hand ◽

Global Standards ◽

The Us ◽

Education In India ◽

Recruitment And Selection

This study investigates human resource management (HRM) practices in higher education institutions (HEIs) based on a comparative analysis of India and the US. Although higher education in India has grown over the decades, its quality, in general, has not kept up with global standards. On the other hand, many US universities have performed consistently well in international university rankings. Based on qualitative research collected from principal stakeholders of HEIs in India and the US, HRM practices and policies followed by them are presented and discussed. Data collection for the research study was through web interviews during the period August–October 2020. The study reveals that Indian public HEIs do not have professional HRM teams. Also, they are in a formative stage in autonomous and private institutions. On the other hand, many HEIs in the US have developed mature HRM systems. This difference resonates in attributes such as structure of HRM, recruitment and selection processes, training and development programmes, performance management, career progression and talent retention.

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Guarding the Great Wall?—jurisprudential review of treaty interpretative tools in Chinese BIT-based arbitration cases

Arbitration International ◽

10.1093/arbint/aiaa008 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shen Wei

Keyword(s):

Dispute Settlement ◽

Active Role ◽

The Other ◽

Policy Response ◽

Appellate Body ◽

Other Hand ◽

The Us ◽

Great Wall ◽

The Eu

Abstract Inconsistency has been said to be one of the most severe shortcomings the existing investor–State dispute settlement (the ISDS) system possesses. Inconsistency, if not cured, is likely to affect the legitimacy of the ISDS. Partly in response to the claims of inconsistency and illegitimacy of the ISDS, the EU has proposed to have a permanent investment court to replace the ISDS while the US proposed to have an appellate body for the current ISDS along with a large camp of undecided states having no firm position on the ISDS reform. China, on the other hand, has not issued an official response to the concept of a permanent investment court, partially because of its less active role in the use of the existing ISDS. More recent years have witnessed China’s increasing involvement in ISDS cases. The purpose of this article is to review these China BIT-related ISDS cases, in particular, the awards on jurisdiction, and the tribunals’ varying techniques in interpreting the ISDS clauses in China’s BITs with a focus on the jurisprudential analyses of these cases and the tribunals’ treaty interpretive techniques. Not surprisingly, the interpretative tendency has been quite uniform. In brief, the tribunals have tended to be more expansive when they were called upon to determine the jurisdictional issues. Although this article is largely jurisprudential, a sense of the tribunals’ arbitral techniques may help shape some foundational underpinnings for China’s policy response to the proposals to reform the ISDS system made by the EU, the US, and others.

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The Impact of Non-trading Periods on the Measurement of Volatility

Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies ◽

10.1142/s0219091510002098 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 13 (04) ◽

pp. 607-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yaw-Huei Wang ◽

Yu-Jen Hsiao

Keyword(s):

Relevant Information ◽

The Other ◽

Day Trading ◽

Other Hand ◽

The Us ◽

Macro News ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

Based upon the theory of the "arrival of news", the main purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of non-trading periods on the measurement of volatility for the S&P 500, FTSE 100, and TAIEX indices. Using an adaptation of the GJR (1,1) model, we find that both weekday holiday periods and half-day trading periods have significant impacts on the estimation of volatility for the S&P 500 and FTSE 100 indices. On the other hand, weekends have significant impacts for the TAIEX index. Our findings imply that for the UK and US markets, much less relevant information is produced during weekends, while more relevant information continues to be produced during other types of non-trading periods. However, the weekend volatility of the Taiwan market is specially driven because the US macro news is announced on Fridays and the trading time of the US market is later than that of the Taiwan market without any overlapping.

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Changes in Unsignalled Avoidance Behavior When a Pre-Shock CS is Response-Produced

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1974.35.3.1251 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 1251-1258

Author(s):

Leslie Linton ◽

Albert E. Roberts

Keyword(s):

Avoidance Behavior ◽

The Other ◽

Other Hand ◽

The Us

Six rat Ss were trained under a procedure in which signalled shock (CS-US) was superimposed on unsignalled avoidance behavior. The US was delivered for ¼ sec. for three is (Condition S) and given for I sec. to three Ss (Condition L). Then, while the CS-US procedure was maintained, at different times during the session a response briefly produced the pre-shock CS. Blocks of sessions in which the response-produced CS occurred in addition to CS-US were alternated with blocks of CS-US sessions without the response-produced CS. Under the CS-US procedure, avoidance in CS was enhanced for Ss in Condition S and was enhanced to a lesser degree during the response-produced CS. On the other hand, the CS controlled suppressed avoidance when followed by US and when response-produced.

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Simulating a Foreign Policy Dilemma: Considering US Humanitarian Intervention

Political Science and Politics ◽

10.1017/s1049096514000833 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 47 (03) ◽

pp. 682-686 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bob Switky

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Foreign Policy ◽

Latin American ◽

Latin American Country ◽

Humanitarian Intervention ◽

National Interest ◽

The United States ◽

The Us ◽

To Come ◽

Key Questions

ABSTRACTThe humanitarian impulse in the United States routinely clashes with isolationist sentiment, with appeals to the national interest, and with apathy in and out of government. This class exercise encourages students to explore the contours of the debate over humanitarian intervention with a crisis unfolding in Belagua, a fictitious Latin American country. As the crisis deteriorates, students increasingly feel the tension between wanting to help the at-risk civilian population and avoiding a messy conflict from which the United States could have trouble extracting itself. The project requires students to address key questions about the US role in the Belagua case and to consider what the United States could or should have done in actual situations, such as Rwanda and Syria. Because these crises are likely to occur in the decades to come, this exercise initiates students to the challenges that the United States, as well as the international community, undoubtedly will face.

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A Causal Analysis of the R&D Interactions between the EU and the US

Global Economy Journal ◽

10.2202/1524-5861.1301 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 1850121 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Erdal Atukeren

Keyword(s):

Granger Causality ◽

Labour Productivity ◽

Causal Analysis ◽

The Other ◽

Other Hand ◽

The Us ◽

Causality Tests ◽

Granger Causality Tests ◽

The Eu

This paper examines the relationships between the aggregate R&D activities of the EU and the US using multivariate Granger-causality tests. Our estimation results indicate that the EU reacts positively to increases in R&D productivity in the US. On the other hand, R&D activity in the EU is a direct Granger-cause of both R&D and labour productivity in the US, and the effects are negative. It was shown in the literature that the US reacts submissively to successful Japanese R&D. We extend the literature by demonstrating that the US also reacts submissively to increased R&D effort in the EU.

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The Zeroing Issue: a critical analysis of Softwood V

World Trade Review ◽

10.1017/s1474745607003564 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 121-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

CHAD P. BOWN ◽

ALAN O. SYKES

Keyword(s):

Critical Analysis ◽

Cost Allocation ◽

The Other ◽

Legal Analysis ◽

Appellate Body ◽

Administrative Practice ◽

Economic Rationale ◽

Other Hand ◽

The Us ◽

The One

AbstractThis paper addresses the issues that came before the Appellate Body in the Softwood V dispute, concerning an affirmative antidumping determination by the US Department of Commerce. The paper addresses both the original Appellate Body opinion in the dispute, and the later opinion reviewing the compliance panel findings. We focus primarily on the ‘zeroing’ issue in ‘transaction-to-transaction (T–T)’ calculations of dumping, and briefly on two other cost-allocation issues. In general, we are ambivalent about the Appellate Body's approach to the zeroing issue. On the one hand, zeroing inflates dumping margins without any sound economic rationale for doing so. On the other hand, zeroing has been a standard administrative practice for many years and the ADA does not clearly prohibit it. The Appellate Body's legal analysis of the matter in T–T cases, in particular, rests on shaky premises. We also consider the wisdom of addressing the zeroing issue in piecemeal fashion through what has proven to be a lengthy sequence of narrow decisions.

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World Overview

National Institute Economic Review ◽

10.1177/0027950110389766 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. F10-F13

Author(s):

Dawn Holland ◽

Ray Barrell ◽

Aurélie Delannoy ◽

Tatiana Fic ◽

Anitha George ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Domestic Demand ◽

The Other ◽

Global Expansion ◽

Demand Growth ◽

Other Hand ◽

The Us ◽

Balance Of Trade ◽

Global Growth

The pace of global expansion moderated somewhat in the second quarter of 2010. According to NIESR estimates, world GDP increased by 1.4 per cent in the first quarter of the year and growth slowed to 1 per cent in the second quarter. The slowdown was widespread across Asia and America. Many of the lagging economies in Europe, on the other hand, accelerated in the second quarter of 2010, allowing some convergence in the global recovery. The slowdown in Asia and America was largely a reflection of a shift in the global balance of trade. Domestic demand growth in both the US and China accelerated in the second quarter, pulling in higher levels of imports and drawing with it an export-driven recovery in Europe. We forecast global growth of 4.9 per cent this year and 4½ per cent in 2011.

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US-Sino Trade War, A Trading Setback Or An Opportunity For Emerging Markets

The Journal of Educational Paradigms ◽

10.47609/0301042021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 164-166

Author(s):

Ossama Fazal ◽

◽

Sonia kanwal

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Emerging Markets ◽

Emerging Market ◽

The United States ◽

The Philippines ◽

The Other ◽

Other Hand ◽

The Us ◽

Golden Opportunity ◽

Trade War

After trying to nurture positive diplomatic relationships among two major economies in the world, a cold war has been converted into a trade war between China and the United States of America. Massive tariffs have been imposed on Chinese imports by Trump administration due to which china stroked back with its tariff policy for American products. Different Chinese companies like Huawei and Haier must face unforeseen circumstances due to trade war. The market for Chinese products seems to shrank post trump policy; on one side, it is a major setback for the Chinese market as an emerging market. On the other hand, it is a golden opportunity for other emerging markets like India, Taiwan, Singapore, South Korea, and the Philippines. US-market is a vast market for Chinese electronics, technology, agriculture, leather, furniture, and many more household products since china entered in the race of globalization. A rise in tariff triggered a trade war, resulting in a decrease in Chinese share in US-market. This trade war has offered a golden opportunity for emerging markets to take over Huawei and Haier's market due to trade barriers and bans on them from the US. This paper will study deep-rooted causes of the US-Sino trade war by examining the impact of a trade war on Huawei technologies and Haier; big Chinese firms dealing worldwide and have a large share in the US-market. The research type will be exploratory, and most of the data is based on secondary data sources. It has been found in this article that the US-Sino trade war is causing losses to both economies on international trade forum. The products from other Asian countries are replacing the Chinese products in the USA. On the other hand, the emerging markets like India, Hong Kong, South Korea, and Taiwan benefit from the absence of Chinese products from the international market. Hence, the winner of the US-Sino trade wars is emerging economies.

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L'amiante dans les boissons

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.1979.13.3.1403 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 219

Author(s):

C. Barbeau ◽

J. Tremblay ◽

M. Gagne

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

The Other ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Clear Indication ◽

Magnesium Particle ◽

Other Hand ◽

The One

La détermination du magnésium particulaire est utilisée afin d'étudier la concentration en amiante chrysotile dans les boissons.II est démontré d'une part que la teneur en magnésium particulaire peut diminuer considérablement par filtration sur plaques contenant de l'amiante et d'autre part que la majorité des boissons alcooliques contiennent peu de fibrilles d'amiante et qu'elles sont moins contaminées que l'eau de consommation.+++The magnesium particle determination is used in order to study the concentration of asbestos (chrysotil) in beverages.On the one hand, it gives a clear indication that the content of magnesium particle can diminish considerably, using asbestos filtration pads. On the other hand, the majority of alcoholic beverages contains few asbestos fibres and they are less contaminated than drinking water.

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