Extracellular Xylanase Production by Fusarium Species in Solid State Fermentation

Fusarium sp. has been shown to be a promising organism for enhanced production of xylanases. In the present study, xylanase production by 21 Fusarium sp. isolates (8 Fusarium culmorum, 4 Fusarium solani, 6 Fusarium verticillioides and 3 Fusarium equiseti) was evaluated under solid state fermentation (SSF). The fungal isolate Fusarium solani SYRN7 was the best xylanase producer among the tested isolates. The effects of some agriculture wastes (like wheat straw, wheat bran, beet pulp and cotton seed cake) and incubation period on xylanase production by F. solani were optimized. High xylanase production (1465.8 U/g) was observed in wheat bran after 96 h of incubation. Optimum pH and temperature for xylanase activity were found to be 5 and 50 degrees C, respectively.

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Optimization of Conditions for Xylanase Production Using Aspergillus tubingensis Under Different Carbon Sources

Fountain Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences ◽

10.53704/fujnas.v10i1.334 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Isiaka Kolade ◽

Kamoldeen Ajijolakewu

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Incubation Period ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Wheat Bran ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Xylanase Activity ◽

Aspergillus Tubingensis ◽

Xylanase Production ◽

Corn Cobs

Xylanases are hydrolytic enzymes with wide range of applications in food processing, bleaching of pulp in paper manufacturing industry, bio-conversion of biomass wastes to fermentable sugars and enhancing nutrient digestibility in animal feeds. The optimization of growth conditions and evaluation of an appropriate substrate as carbon source among cassava peels, corn cobs, wheat bran and rice husk on xylanase production by novel strain of Aspergillus tubingensis under Solid State Fermentation (SSF) was investigated. The fungal isolate was identified based on ribosomal RNA gene and ITS gene sequencing analysis as Aspergillus tubingensis. Results showed that Corn cobs had the highest xylanase production among the four substrates. Corn cobs recorded the highest value of xylanase production at pH of 6.0 (107.97 U/g), after incubation period of 72 hour (111.23 U/g), at temperature of 30oC (44.26 U/g) and at ratio 1:3 (45.68 U/g). The optimum growth conditions for xylanase production by Aspergillus tubingensis were: pH 6.0, incubation period of 72 hours, temperature of 30oC and substrate concentration of 1:3 (4g of substrate per 12ml of fermentation medium). Corn cobs showed the highest yield of xylanase activity (111.23±0.31 U/g), followed by Rice husk (101.91±0.72 U/g), Wheat bran (89.30±1.16 U/g) and Cassava peel (87.03±0.57 U/g). In conclusion, among the various agro residues that were used as carbon sources, Corn cobs had maximum xylanase activity. Various culture conditions were optimized by using one factor at a time method and the maximum xylanase production was obtained at pH of 6.0, incubation period of 72 hour, temperature of 30oC and substrate concentration of 1:3 under solid state fermentation. It is therefore suggested that some other notable environmental and fermentation factors that influence metabolism-mediated production yields of xylanase like aeration, agitation, carbon and nitrogen sources, metal ion requirement, inoculum size etc. should be optimized for maximum production of enzyme. Keywords: Solid State Fermentation, Cassava peels, Corn cobs, Wheat bran, Rice husk

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Comparative Evaluation of Agroindustrial Byproducts for the Production of Alkaline Protease by Wild and Mutant Strains ofBacillus subtilisin Submerged and Solid State Fermentation

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/538067 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hamid Mukhtar ◽

Ikramul Haq

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Solid State ◽

Wheat Bran ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Alkaline Protease ◽

Enzyme Production ◽

Enhanced Production ◽

Industrial Byproducts ◽

Agroindustrial Byproducts

The present study describes the screening of different agroindustrial byproducts for enhanced production of alkaline protease by a wild and EMS induced mutant strain ofBacillus subtilisIH-72EMS8. During submerged fermentation, different agro-industrial byproducts were tested which include defatted seed meals of rape, guar, sunflower, gluten, cotton, soybean, and gram. In addition to these meals, rice bran, wheat bran, and wheat flour were also evaluated for protease production. Of all the byproducts tested, soybean meal at a concentration of 20 g/L gave maximum production of the enzyme, that is, 5.74 ± 0.26 U/mL from wild and 11.28 ± 0.45 U/mL from mutant strain, during submerged fermentation. Different mesh sizes (coarse, medium, and fine) of the soybean meal were also evaluated, and a finely ground soybean meal (fine mesh) was found to be the best. In addition to the defatted seed meals, their alkali extracts were also tested for the production of alkaline protease byBacillus subtilis, but these were proved nonsignificant for enhanced production of the enzyme. The production of the enzyme was also studied in solid state fermentation, and different agro-industrial byproducts were also evaluated for enzyme production. Wheat bran partially replaced with guar meal was found as the best substrate for maximum enzyme production under solid state fermentation conditions.

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Statistical Optimization of Media Components for Xylanase Production by Aspergillus spp. Using Solid State Fermentation and its Application in Fruit Juice Clarification

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i54a33733 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 151-166

Author(s):

Laxmikant R. Patil ◽

Anil R. Shet ◽

Sharanappa Achappa ◽

Shivalingsarj V. Desai ◽

Veeranna S. Hombalimath ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Yeast Extract ◽

Wheat Bran ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Gel Filtration ◽

Partial Purification ◽

Elution Time ◽

Xylanase Production ◽

Juice Clarification

Xylanases are enzymes that convert xylan into xylose, xylobiose, and xylotriose. The present study deals with the production and optimization of xylanase through Solid-State Fermentation (SSF) using different agricultural wastes by Aspergillus spp. The Plackett Burman (PB) design was used to screen significant media components affecting the xylanase production. The carbon sources screened were wheat bran, rice bran, sugarcane bagasse, corn cob, and orange peel. The nitrogen sources screened were yeast extract, peptone, (NH4)2SO4, Na2NO3, and urea. Also, nine different salts such as KCl, MgSO4, Na2HPO4, CaCl2, FeSO4, ZnSO4, Na2CO3, KH2PO4, and NaH2PO4 which act as trace elements were screened. The results showed that wheat bran, yeast extract, Na2NO3 and KCl are the significant factors that affect xylanase production. A 33 Full Factorial Design (FFD) was performed to optimize the significant media components (wheat bran, KCl, yeast extract) obtained from PB design using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Statistical analysis of results showed that wheat bran, KCl, yeast extract, and interaction between wheat bran and yeast extract were found to be significant. The optimum concentration of wheat bran, KCl, yeast extract was 8 g/L, 0.1 g/L and 3 g/L. The Partial purification of xylanase was carried out using ammonium salt precipitation and dialysis. Gel filtration chromatography was performed to optimize the elution time, which was found to be 6 minutes. Application of xylanase in orange juice clarification was studied at 40 °C, 50 °C, and 60 °C. The optimum temperature obtained was 60 ºC.

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Xylanase production by Streptomyces viridosporus T7A in submerged and solid-state fermentation using agro-industrial residues

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132009000700022 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 52 (spe) ◽

pp. 171-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Luiz Romulo Alberton ◽

Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe ◽

Ricardo Assmann ◽

Ricardo Cancio Fendrich ◽

José Rodriguéz-León ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Sugarcane Bagasse ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Xylanase Activity ◽

Napier Grass ◽

Xylanase Production ◽

Industrial Residues ◽

Streptomyces Viridosporus ◽

Substrate Support ◽

B Complex Vitamins

The study of xylanase production was conducted by Streptomyces viridosporus T7A in submerged (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF), using agro-industrial residues and sub-products. Napier grass, sugarcane bagasse and soybean bran were used as carbon source, substrate/support, and nitrogen source, respectively. In SmF, Napier grass (1% v/w) supplemented with soybean bran, hydroxyethylcellulose and B complex vitamins were used. Soybean bran (1.5 % w/v), B complex vitamins (0.1%), and hydroxyethilcellulose (0.15%) led to an increase in xylanase production (23.41 U/mL). In SSF, the effects of the following parameters were studied: substrate composition (sugarcane bagasse, Napier grass and soybean bran), initial moisture, and inoculum rate. In SSF, the highest xylanase activity (423.9 U/g) was reached with: 70 % sugarcane bagasse, 20% Napier grass and 10% soybean meal, 90% of moisture, and 10(7)/g substrate.

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Potential of the Aspergillus labruscus ITAL 22.223 as a producer of cellulolytic enzymes and xylanase under solid-state fermentation

International Journal of Scientific Reports ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20182203 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 147

Author(s):

Chadia Chahud Maestrello ◽

Luis Henrique Souza Guimarães

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Tap Water ◽

Low Cost ◽

Xylanase Activity ◽

Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽

Xylanase Production ◽

Oat Bran ◽

Important Field ◽

By Products

Background: The enzymatic hydrolysis of the lignocellulosic biomass to obtain saccharides that can be used for the production of bioethanol is an important field in the renewable energy area. For this purpose, fungal cellulases and xylanases can be applied.Methods: Aspergillus labruscus ITAL 22.223 was cultured under SSF with agroindustrial residues and by-products as substrates, humidified with different moistening agents, at different proportions (1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5 and 1:2; m/v), for different periods (24-216 h) at 25ºC. The extract obtained was used for determination of the cellulase and xylanase activities. The influence of temperature, pH and different compounds on xylanase activity was analyzed. Results: A. labruscus produced cellulases and xylanase under solid-state fermentation (SSF) using agroindustrial by products and residues as carbon source/substrates. The best production of β-glucosidase (6.3 U/g of substrate) was obtained in the presence of rye bran, whereas for the CMCase it was in the presence of crushed soybean (5.1 U/g of substrate) and xylanase using oat bran (74.8 U/g of substrate) as substrates, for 168 h of cultivation at 25ºC. Considering the high xylanase production, the best moistening agent and its proportion (tap water, 1:2 m/v) were determined. Optimum of temperature and pH for xylanase activity was determined as 55ºC and pH 5.5. The xylanase activity was inhibited by different salts, with exception of MnSO4. It was also inhibited by organic solvents, detergents, EDTA, urea and β-mercaptoethanol.Conclusions: The fungus A. labruscus presented potential to produce enzymes from the cellulolytic complex and xylanase using low cost substrates.

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Ozonation Pretreatment Evaluation for Xylanase Crude Extract Production from Corncob under Solid-State Fermentation

Journal of Industrial and Information Technology in Agriculture ◽

10.24198/jiita.v1i2.14664 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Efri Mardawati ◽

Surya Martha Pratiwi ◽

Robi Andoyo ◽

Tita Rialita ◽

Mochamad Djali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Solid State ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Chemical Industry ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Incubation Time ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Xylanase Activity ◽

Alternative Substrate ◽

Xylanase Production

Xylanases are highly exploited enzyme in industries, including food and chemical industry. Xylanases can be utilized in catalyzing the endohydrolysis of 1,4-β-xylosidic linkages in xylan, lignocellulosic component to produce xylose-monomer. This research aims to optimize xylanase production from alternative substrate, corncob. Corncob contains 41.17% of hemicellulose, polymer of xylan. Xylanases are produced through solid state fermentation by Trichoderma viride. Ratio between substrate and moistening solution was 0.63 g/mL with fermentation temperature 32,8OC. Variables varied include incubation time and pretreatment (using autoclave, ozonation, combination of ozonation and autoclave, also without pretreatment). Xylanase activity was measured by DNS method using 1% of xylan as substrate standard. The result showed that the best incubation time is 36 h with 14403.8707 U/mg protein for specific xylanase activity by using autoclave as pretreatment. Ozonation pretreatment process can increase the enzyme activity of xylanase.

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Optimisation of solid-state fermentation of Aspergillus niger JL-15 for xylanase production and xylooligosaccharides preparation

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/103/2010-cjfs ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 29 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 557-567 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

X.-J. Dai ◽

M.-Q. Liu ◽

H.-X. Jin ◽

M.-Y. Jing

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Xylanase Activity ◽

Orange Peel ◽

Basic Medium ◽

Relative Molecular Mass ◽

Xylanase Production ◽

Fermentation Time

The production of xylanase (XylA) by Aspergillus niger JL-15 in solid-state fermentation (SSF) on orange peel was optimised by the response surface methodology (RSM). The results revealed that four factors had significant effects on the XylA production (P < 0.05), that is the concentrations of the added glycerin and ammonium sulfate, the moisture content, and fermentation time. Exploying orange peel as the solid substrate, maximum xylanase activity (917.7 U/g dry fermentation product) was obtained at 4.2% glycerin, 3.1% (NH4)2SO4, 61% moisture content, and 73.4-h fermentation, this activity being close to the predicted one and 3.2 times higher than that of the basic medium (218.5 U/g). Optimum temperature and pH for XylA activity were 55°C and pH 5.0, respectively. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the relative molecular mass of XylA was about 30.0 kDa. XylA exhibited Km and Vmax values of 9.24 mg/ml and 54.05 μmol/min/ml, respectively. XylA liberated mainly xylotriose from birchwood xylan and wheat bran, respectively. XylA was an endo-acting xylanase with transglycosylation activity, with the ability to hydrolyse, xylobiose, xylotriose, xylotetraose, xylopentaose, and xylohexaose.

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Study on the Solid-State Fermentation Conditions for Producing Thermostable Xylanase Feed in a Pressure Pulsation Bioreactor

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.72 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 236-238 ◽

pp. 72-76

Author(s):

Ge Yang ◽

Li Li Hou ◽

Fu Liang Zhang

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Enzyme Production ◽

Xylanase Activity ◽

Air Pressure ◽

Thermomyces Lanuginosus ◽

Pressure Amplitude ◽

Thermostable Xylanase ◽

Xylanase Production ◽

Periodic Pressure

Air pressure amplitude serves as a critical control parameter in periodic pressure solid state fermentation process. Effects of air pressure amplitudes on thermostable xylanase production byThermomyces lanuginosusSD-21 were investigated. Under the optimum periodic pressure amplitude, namely: at lower limit of 0.05 MPa and upper limit of 1.5 MPa. Among the lignocellulosic substrates tested, corn cob and wheat bran supported a high xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) secretion byHumicola lanuginosain solid-state fermentation (SSF). Enzyme production reached a peak in 96 h followed by a decline thereafter. Enzyme production was very high, xylanase activity 8237 IU /g of dry moldy bran can be obtained in the system compared with 4520 IU/g in conventional tray fermenter, cultivation of the mold in large enamel trays yielded a xylanase titer comparable with that in flasks. Parametric optimization resulted in a 45.13% increase in enzyme production in PPSSF.

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