ON THE CONCEPTS «ELECTORAL LEGISLATION» AND «LEGISLATION ON ELECTIONS»

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Елена Николаевна Босова
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Election Law ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Electoral Laws

The terms «electoral lagislation» and «lagislation on elections» in the legal literature are used to identify the election law. The author does not agree with their identity and suggests to consider them in a broad and narrow sense. The electoral  legislation should be considered in a broad sense, as it governs electoral legal relations not only by electoral laws but also by rules contained in related laws. Lagislation on elections forms the main part of election law.

scholarly journals Problems of classification of extremist crimes

2020 ◽  
pp. 389-394
Author(s):  
Alla Babii
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Code ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Terminological Confusion

he article presents the results of a study of the problems of classification of extremist acts based on the Criminal Code ofUkraine. The classification of extremist acts contributes to a deeper understanding of the essence of such attacks and is the basis forbuilding a system to counter extremism in Ukraine. The author analyzes the grounds for distinguishing a criminological group underthe general name «extremist crimes». The lack of unanimity among scholars regarding the name by which extremist acts should be de -signated in domestic legal literature has been ascertained. It is proposed to further use the concept of «extremist crimes» in order toeliminate terminological confusion in the field of countering extremism. Based on the results of the study, it was proposed that extremistcrimes be classified according to the criterion of a tribal object of assault.The findings of the study contain a list of extremist crimes that is not exhaustive. A broad and narrow approach to understandingthe category of «extremist crimes» has been proposed. Crimes related to extremist activities (extremist crimes in the broad sense) are proposed to be classified into extremist acts themselves, that is, extremist crimes in the narrow sense and crimes related to extremism,directly related to extremist activities, but not extremist acts.It is concluded that the system of extremist crimes is composed not only of extremist acts themselves, but also crimes that ensurethe implementation of extremist activities and are directly related to it. In order to ensure a systemic counteraction to extremism,extremist crimes in the broad sense include not only extremist acts themselves – crimes provided for by the Criminal Code of Ukrainecommitted from extremist motives (purposes), but also crimes that ensure the implementation of extremist activity and are directly relatedto it. It is worth taking into account that terrorist crimes and «separatist» crimes are covered by the concept of «extremist crimes».Extremist crimes should be divided into political, national, religious, economic and environmental.

scholarly journals Overall heritability in popcorn estimated by meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e53721
Author(s):  
Luiz Rafael Clóvis ◽  
Ronald José Barth Pinto ◽  
Renan Santos Uhdre ◽  
Jocimar Costa Rosa ◽  
Hugo Zeni Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Statistical Assumptions ◽  
Box Plot ◽  
Heritability Estimates

The objective of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis and test its efficiency in summarizing the heterogeneous data of heritability estimates for the traits of grain yield (GY) and popping expansion (PE), and to provide reliable estimates of selection gains in popcorn. Therefore, 97 heritability estimates ( ) for popcorn GY and PE in the broad and narrow sense were used. The main procedures underlying the estimation of the combined heritability ( ) using the technique of meta-analysis consisted of i) an exploratory analysis of the set of heritability estimates to detect outliers using a box-plot chart, ii) the verification of the required statistical assumptions, iii) testing the involved heritability estimates for homogeneity, and iv) the calculation of the estimates of combined heritability. The meta-analysis facilitated the synthesis of the information pertaining to heritability in popcorn. The combined heritability estimates ( ) in the broad sense for GY and PE were 0.5208 ± 0.0229 and 0.6356 ± 0.0209, respectively, and in the narrow sense were 0.3290 ± 0.0292 and 0.3083 ± 0.0298, respectively.

scholarly journals ON ACCESSORY OBLIGATIONS IN RUSSIAN CIVIL LAW

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1(82)) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
R. Truhan
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Legal Relationship ◽  
Broad Understanding

In the science of civil law, two approaches to the understanding and interpretation of accessory have been formed.  The first approach can be defined as the understanding of accessory in the "narrow" sense, the second - in the "broad" sense. Russian civil law contains signs of accessory in the "narrow" sense. For this reason, the problem of the concept of "accessory" is seen, which is subject to the identification of an accessory legal relationship with a security obligation, which in turn impoverishes the idea of the role of accessory in the system of legal relationships. With the development of circulation and the complication of law, examples of accessory legal relations of a different kind appeared that were not related to security obligations, i.e. "Broad" understanding of accessory, which has an auxiliary, secondary nature of the obligation, which can not always have a security focus.  Russian arbitration courts have developed a number of rules to make up for the shortcomings of the institution of accessory in Russian civil law, and the possibility of using accessory in the "broad" sense. It is concluded that de jure the concept of accessory in Russian civil law is reflected in the "narrow" sense, and de facto, accessory is applied in the "broad" sense.

scholarly journals On the forms of manifestation of intergenerational discourse

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Е.Ю. Садовская
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Interaction ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Intergenerational Communication ◽  
Generational Cohorts ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Generational Cohort ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
External Behavior

В статье исследуются формы актуализации межпоколенческого дискурса в речи. Данный дискурс, несмотря на повседневное использование, до недавнего времени оставался малоизученным с точки зрения лингвистики. Представляя собой лингвокультурный феномен, межпоколенческий дискурс подразумевает в широком смысле взаимодействие различных (двух и более) поколений людей, что определенным образом эксплицируется в процессе интеракции. В более узком смысле межпоколенческий дискурс представляет собой взаимодействие представителей различных поколений внутри одной семьи (поколенческая когорта объединена по биологическим признакам). Одним из наименее изученных аспектов является актуализация межпоколенческого дискурса, представленная преимущественно в трех формах: вербальной экспликации со стороны участвующих в интеракции конверсационных партнеров (представителей различных поколенческих когорт), сочетании вербальной и поведенческой внешней (невербальной) реакции, а также проявление только невербальной составляющей. Взаимодействие поколений подразумевает различные сочетания данных проявлений, которые, как правило, обладают определенной эмоциональной окрашенностью, как положительной, так и отрицательной с различной степенью эмоционального накала, что зависит от ориентации дискурса на кооперацию или на конфронтацию («конфликт поколений»). Проявления межпоколенческого взаимодействия, как и содержательная составляющая, детерминируются существующими социально-культурными условиями. The article explores the forms in which intergenerational discourse is revealed in people’s inter-actions. Despite the active daily use of intergenerational discourse this kind of discourse has so far not been studied thoroughly by linguists. Being a linguacultural phenomenon, intergenerational discourse, in a broad sense, presupposes the interaction of two or more different generations. In a narrow sense, intergenerational discourse means communication between the representatives of different generations within one family (a generational cohort is united by biological characteristics). One of the less researched areas is how this kind of discourse is manifested. The forms vary with three dominating patterns made visible in the interaction of the representatives of different generations; more specifically, the discourse can be observed in a pure verbal interaction of the dialogue participants (the representatives of specific generational cohorts), in the combination of the verbal and external behavior (non-verbal) manifestation, or only through non-verbal reactions. Intergenerational discourse aims either at cooperation or at confrontation (the conflict of generations). The forms of revealing intergenerational communication along with the content component are determined by the predominant social and cultural conditions and norms.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Fruit, Foliar, and Plant Habit Attributes in Capsicum

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Stommel ◽  
Robert J. Griesbach
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Plant Habit

Considerable diversity exists in Capsicum L. germplasm for fruit and leaf shape, size, and color as well as plant habit. Using F1, F2, and backcross generations developed from diverse parental stocks, this report describes the inheritance patterns and relationships between unique foliar characters and diverse fruit and plant habit attributes. Our results demonstrate that pepper fruit color, shape, and fruit per cluster were simply inherited with modifying gene action. Broad-sense heritability for fruit color and shape and fruit per cluster was high, whereas narrow-sense heritability for these characters was moderate to low. Although fruit clustering was simply inherited, the number of fruit per cluster exhibited a quantitative mode of inheritance. High fruit counts per cluster were linked with red fruit color and anthocyanin pigmented foliage. Fruit shape was linked with immature fruit color and inherited independently of mature fruit color. Leaf color, length, and plant height were quantitatively inherited. Leaf shape did not vary, but leaf length varied and was positively correlated with leaf width. Broad-sense heritability for leaf characters, including leaf length, leaf width, and leaf color, was high. With the exception of leaf width, which exhibited low narrow-sense heritability, high narrow-sense heritability for leaf characters denoted additive gene action. Plant height displayed high broad-sense heritability. Moderate narrow-sense heritability suggested that additive effects also influence plant height. Analysis of segregating populations demonstrated that red and orange fruit color can be combined with all possible leaf colors from green to black. These results provide new data to clarify and extend available information on the inheritance of Capsicum fruit attributes and provide new information on the genetic control of leaf characters and plant habit.

Aralia wangshanensis (Araliaceae)—the legitimate name for Aralia franchetii

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 402 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
YUNFEI DENG
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
The Past

Aralia Linnaeus (1753: 273) consists of approximately 65 species distributed in eastern to southeastern Asia and the Americas (Wen, 1993). In the past there has been much disagreement over whether Aralia should be recognized in a broad or narrow sense (Li 1942, Hoo & Tseng 1965, 1978, Shang 1985a, 1985b, Shang & Li 1990, Wen 1993, 2002, 2011, Wen et al. 2002, Xiang & Lowry 2007). The broad sense of Aralia is supported by recent studies on the basis of morphological characters and molecular evidence (Wen 1993, Wen et al. 2001, 2002), and therefore some segregated genera, Coudenbergia Marchal (1879: 514), Pentapanax Seemmann (1864: 290, 294), Hunaniopanax Qi et Cao (1988: 47), Neoacanthophora Bennet (1979: 283), Sciadodendron Grisebach (1858: 7), Parapentapax Hutchinson (1967: 56) and Megalopanax E. Ekman ex Harms (1924:122), are reduced to the synonymies of Aralia (Wen 1993. Wen et al. 2002). Wen (2011) divided the genus into six sections: sect. Aralia, sect. Dimorphanthus (Miquel 1840: 95) Miquel (1863: 6), sect. Humiles Harms (1896: 13), sect. Nanae Harms (1896: 12), sect. Pentapanax (Semm.) Wen (2002: 31) and sect. Sciadodendron (Griseb.) Wen (2011: 29).

Inheritance of seed protein and seed oil content in early maturing soybean

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L. McKendry ◽  
Peter B. E. McVetty ◽  
Harvey D. Voldeng
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Additive Gene

The inheritance of seed protein, seed oil, and the sum of protein and oil was investigated in two early maturing soybean crosses, 'Maple Presto' × 'Sioux' and 'Maple Presto' × X446-2-1, in 2 years (1981 and 1982) at one location (Winnipeg). Analyses of variance of the parental performance over years indicated that the parents differed significantly for all three traits studied and that genotype by year interactions were effectively zero. Generation means analysis indicated that gene action for seed protein was primarily additive, with partial dominance for low protein. Seed oil was also conditioned primarily by additive gene action. Partial dominance was not consistently detected over years and therefore was of minor importance. Additive × additive epistatic effects for seed oil were also detected but were not consistent over years. The sum of seed protein and oil was conditioned solely by additive gene action. Variance analyses indicated a predominance of additive genetic variance for all three traits. Dominance variance was also detected for both seed protein and the sum of protein and oil. Broad sense heritability for the F2 generation ranged from 76 to 83% for seed protein and from 68 to 86% for the sum of protein and oil, while narrow sense heritability ranged from 34 to 72% for seed protein and from 39 to 65% for the sum of protein and oil. Narrow sense heritability values equalled broad sense values for seed oil and ranged from 58 to 68%. Heritability was also estimated from standard unit parent – progeny regression analyses and values for all three traits were found to approach the variance analyses estimated broad sense heritabilities. Comparisons with the results of late maturing soybean crosses are made and implications of the results obtained in this study on early maturing soybean breeding programs are discussed.Key words: Glycine max, heritability, 00 and 000 maturity groups, breeding strategies.

scholarly journals The phenomenon of human alienation: socio-ontological aspect

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Kirill Prozumentik
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Agents ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Fundamental Ontology ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject

This article is dedicated to one of the key problems of social philosophy – the phenomenon of human alienation. The subject of this research is the ontological grounds of alienation. The goal consists in determination of the existential foundation of alienation as a complicated socio-ontological phenomenon, as well as differentiation of the narrow and broad sense of the concept of “alienation”. In the narrow sense, alienation implies the process, when the products of human activity and activity itself obtain the status of autonomous agents opposing to human. In a broad sense, alienation is interpreted as an ontological distinction within the structure of being. For revealing the ontological grounds of alienation, the author attracts and reconsiders the ideological arsenal of philosophical anthropology, fundamental ontology, existentialism, personalism, Marxism, and post-phenomenology. The ontological interpretation allows comprehending the anthropogenesis, historical development of human, and evolution of human mind in the context of the terms of alienation. Thus, the first is interpreted as a self-alienation of the world; the second – as alienation of human from himself; and the third – as an ideal of appeal of the world towards itself, realized through human spiritual activity. All elements of the triad form an ontological basis doe alienation in the narrow sense.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FACTORS ON THE FORMATION OF BANK RESOURCES

Globus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Peregudova ◽  
A.A. Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Banking System ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Institutional Aspect ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Banking Operations

Considering the modern banking system, as a criterion for determining whether individual elements belong to it (the institutional aspect), we will take the relationship not only with banking operations (banking in the narrow sense), but also with banking in General (in the broad sense). In view of the fact that banking activities mediate money turnover, which is one of the main elements of the economy, this activity, unlike other types of activities, is subject to particularly enhanced regulation and control by the state in order to ensure economic stability. Banking regulation is important to consider.

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