Determining the Factors Affecting the Psychological Distance Between Categories in the Rating Scale

AbstractDelirium develops through a multifactorial process and include multiple subtypes with different pathological factors. To refine the treatment and care for delirium, a more detailed examination of these subtypes is needed. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the factors affecting delirium in cases in which hallucinations are conspicuous. In total, 602 delirium cases referred to the psychiatry department at a general hospital between May 2015 and August 2020 were enrolled. The Delirium Rating Scale-revised-98 was used to assess perceptual disturbances and hallucinations in patients with delirium. Multiple regression analysis was applied to determine whether individual factors were associated with the hallucinations. A total of 156 patients with delirium (25.9%) experienced hallucinations, with visual hallucinations being the most common subtype. Alcohol drinking (p < 0.0005), benzodiazepine withdrawal (p = 0.004), and the use of angiotensin II receptor blockers (p = 0.007) or dopamine receptor agonists (p = 0.014) were found to be significantly associated with hallucinations in patients with delirium. The four factors detected in this study could all be reversible contributing factors derived from the use of or withdrawal from exogenous substances.

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Real Life Use of Bendamustine in Elderly Patients with Lymphoid Neoplasia

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm11040249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 249

Author(s):

Irene Dogliotti ◽

Simone Ragaini ◽

Francesco Vassallo ◽

Elia Boccellato ◽

Gabriele De Luca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elderly Patients ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Single Agent ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Real Life ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Lymphoid Neoplasia ◽

Baseline Factors ◽

Grade 3

Background. Bendamustine is a cytotoxic alkylating drug with a broad range of indications as a single agent or in combination therapy in lymphoid neoplasia patients. However, its tolerability in elderly patients is still debated. Methods: An observational, retrospective study was carried out; patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or lymphoma, aged ≥ 65 years old, treated with bendamustine-based regimens in first or subsequent lines between 2010 and 2020 were considered eligible. Results: Overall, 179 patients aged ≥ 65 years were enrolled, 53% between 71 and 79 years old. Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) comorbidity score was ≥6 in 54% patients. Overall survival (OS) at 12 months was 95% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 90–97%); after a median follow up of 50 months, median OS was 84 months. The overall response rate was 87%, with 56% complete responses; the median time to progression (TTP) was 61 months. The baseline factors affecting OS by multivariable analysis were sex, histological diagnosis, renal function, and planned bendamustine dose, while only type of lymphoma and bendamustine dose impacted on TTP. Main adverse events were neutropenia (grade ≥ 3: 43%) and infections (any grade: 36%), with 17% of patients requiring hospital admission. Conclusions: The responses to bendamustine, as well as survival, are relevant even in advanced age patients, with a manageable incidence of acute toxicity.

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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DALAM MEMBAYAR PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR (PKB) DI UNIT PELAYANAN PENDAPATAN PROVINSI (UPPP) KABUPATEN SELUMA

EKOMBIS REVIEW: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Bisnis ◽

10.37676/ekombis.v2i1.5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

R.A. Vivi Yulian Sari ◽

Neri Susanti

Keyword(s):

Rating Scale ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Tax Compliance ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Service Unit ◽

Scale Method

R.A. Vivi Yulian Sari, Neri Susanti; Factors That Influence Compliance With Taxpayers In Paying Tax On Motor Vehicles In The Province Revenue Service Unit Of Seluma Regency This study aimed to determine the factors that influence taxpayers compliance in paying motor vehicle tax (CLA ) in Unit Revenue Services of Province ( UPPP ) Seluma District. Type of this study is descriptive study. The population in this study is whousedtaxpayermotor vehicleisregisteredinthe Unit RevenueService of Province (UPPP) SelumaDistrict, witha sample of30taxpayer-wheeled motor vehicletwo (2) located atTaisMarket and registered inUnit RevenueService of Province of(UPPP) Seluma Districtin July2013.The data collected by usingquestionnaire. Data analyzed by using rating scale method. Taxpayer perceptions towards tax penalties showed a significant effect on tax compliance in carrying out its obligations to pay motor vehicle tax ( CLA ) , is seen from the position of the respondent's perception of the value of tax penalties perceptions of factors affecting tax compliance in paying taxes on motor vehicles in Unit Revenue Service of Province( UPPP ) Seluma District with the total score of 316 is in the interval 308-381 , agreed criteria.

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FACTORS AFFECTING SMP/MTs STUDENTS’MOTIVATION TO GO INTO VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS IN SLEMAN DISTRICT

Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan ◽

10.21831/jptk.v23i2.12299 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 163

Author(s):

Kusworo Kusworo ◽

Soenarto Soenarto

Keyword(s):

Mass Media ◽

Junior High School ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Social Economic ◽

Economic Status ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Dominant Factor ◽

Vocational Schools ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Social Economic Status

This research aims to find out (1) motivation, (2) factors affecting motivation and (3) the most dominant factor affecting the motivation of Junior High School (SMP / MTs) students to Vocational Schools. This research belongs to cross-sectional survey. The population of this research is 12.037 of Grade VIII students from122 SMP/MTs at Sleman District. The research sample is 338 students who are taken randomly and proportionally. The instrument used is questionnaire with likert-scale and rating-scale. Data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis, regression analysis and partial correlation analysis. Research results show that: (1) motivation of SMP/MTs students to go into Vocational School is good, the average is 73.40%; (2) factors affecting the motivation are social economic status of student’s parents, mass media, student’s environment, and students’ individual characteristics with 72.5% and the rest which is 27.5% is affected by other factors; (3)the most dominant factor is students’ individual characteristics, and then followed by mass media factor, social economic status of students’ parents and students’ environment.

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Development and Validation of Perceived Stigmatization in Sports Scale for Female Athletes

Journal of Professional & Applied Psychology ◽

10.52053/jpap.v2i2.64 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 110-119

Author(s):

Sahar Saleem ◽

Dr Vicar Solomon ◽

Dr Farah Malik

Keyword(s):

Rating Scale ◽

Female Athletes ◽

Second Phase ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Point Rating Scale ◽

Eigen Values ◽

Two Phases ◽

Development And Validation ◽

University Athletes

The current study aimed to develop an indigenous, valid and reliable perceived stigmatization in sports scale for female athletes (PSSSFA). Eight in-depth, detailed and semi-structured interviews were conducted with female athletes, whereas, the preliminary item pool of twenty items was administered on 125 female university athletes. The age was 18-24 years (M= 21, SD=1.6). The process of scale development depended upon two phases. The first phase was about construct conceptualization through interviews and the second phase consisted of examining factor structure and reliability of the scale. Perceived Stigmatization in Sports Scale for Female Athletes was developed in Urdu. Total 20 items were developed but the final scale included 18 items with five-point rating scale. On the basis of scree plot and Eigen values, three factors were extracted: Family Stigmatization included 6 items and had .82 reliability, Social Stigmatization included 5 items and had .75 reliability and Effect on Performance included 7 items and had .76 reliability. The overall Cronbach alpha value was .88. The findings of the study tended to investigate factors affecting the perceived stigmatization associated with female athletes and these results would help in providing awareness regarding challenges being faced by female athletes in their respective sports.

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Genomics, Transcriptomics and Methylomics: Alternative Approaches for the Analysis of Serotonin System and Antipsychotic Response

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71236-2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

V. De Luca ◽

R. De Souza ◽

E. Viggiano ◽

J. Volavka ◽

J. Lieberman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rating Scale ◽

Epistatic Effect ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Serotonergic Receptors ◽

Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽

Serotonin System ◽

Single Locus Analysis ◽

Psychiatric Rating ◽

Psychiatric Rating Scale

Serotonin receptors blockade is the major basis for the action of atypical antipsychotic drugs. Genetic factors affecting the density and/or function of serotonergic receptors, transporters and enzymes may therefore affect antipsychotic response. This exploratory study investigates the effect of ten polymorphisms from HTR1A, HTR1D, HTR2A, HTR3A, HTR3B, HTR4, HTR6, SLC6A4, TPH1, TPH2 genes on antipsychotic response in a sample of 289 patients with DSM-diagnosis of schizophrenia. Clinical Response was assessed using Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Response was determined as 20% reduction improvement of BPRS compared to baseline. Selection of the biological relevant interactions, regardless the phenotype was performed using different statistics strategies regardless the phenotype to investigate epistasis within the serotonin system. the test for relevant interaction selection showed that 5HT4 and 5HT6 can be in epistatic relationship. the single locus analysis of these two receptor polymorphisms showed no significant results and the logistic regression model incorporating both genes, the clinical and demographic variables was not significant. Even this result is not significant, this strategy aimed to investigate the epistatic effect among genes could be useful for finding relevant biological interaction among genetic variants. Furthermore we are currently analyzing the methylation level of HTR2A in responders and non-responders, this epigenetic analysis will be very valuable in adding more information to the classic pharmacogenetic studies.

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ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA PEGAWAI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

National Conference on Applied Business, Education, & Technology (NCABET) ◽

10.46306/ncabet.v1i1.23 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 292-303

Author(s):

Encep Saefullah ◽

Tabroni Tabroni

Keyword(s):

Rating Scale ◽

Work Productivity ◽

Dominant Factor ◽

Organizational Goals ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Average Value ◽

Two Factors ◽

Questionnaire Method ◽

Strongly Agree ◽

And Training

The purpose of this study was to determine the most dominant factors affecting employee work productivity in Carita District, Pandeglang Regency during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The data collection method used in this research is the questionnaire method, while the analysis method uses a Likert scale and rating scale. Of the three factors that affect Employee Work Productivity in Carita Subdistrict, Pandeglang Regency during the Covid-19 Pandemic, namely Education and Training received perceptions from respondents with agreed criteria, while Motivation received perceptions from respondents with strongly agree criteria meaning that these three factors affect employee work productivity. The most dominant factor influencing Employee Work Productivity in Carita Subdistrict, Pandeglang Regency during the Covid-19 Pandemic is Motivation, because it has the highest average value among the other two factors, namely 175.5, this shows that motivation has an important role and is a condition self-directed employees to achieve organizational goals

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Olfactory impairment as an early marker of Parkinson’s disease in REM sleep behaviour disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry ◽

10.1136/jnnp-2020-325361 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 92 (3) ◽

pp. 271-281

Author(s):

Zhihong Lyu ◽

Shuxin Zheng ◽

Xiaoyuan Zhang ◽

Yiling Mai ◽

Jiyang Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Olfactory Function ◽

Behaviour Disorder ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Sleep Behaviour ◽

Olfactory Impairment

Olfactory impairment and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) are prodromal symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) that may be associated with each other. This review aims to investigate the significance of olfaction in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with RBD and to assess moderating factors affecting olfactory performance. We searched articles on olfaction in RBD and PD in five electronic databases. We identified 32 studies for the systematic review and used 28 of those, including 2858 participants for meta-analysis. Results revealed significant deficits in odour identification (g=−1.80; 95% CI: −2.17 to −1.43), threshold (g=−1.29; 95% CI: −1.67 to −0.91), discrimination (g=−1.08; 95% CI: −1.28 to −0.87) and overall olfactory function (g=−1.64; 95% CI: −1.94 to −1.35) in patients with RBD. Except for the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III scores, none of the known moderating variables (including age, sex, disease duration and years of education) accounted for the olfactory function heterogeneity in patients with RBD. We identified similar olfactory impairments in patients with RBD and patients with PD (either with or without underlying RBD). These findings suggest that olfactory impairment may be a sensitive and stable diagnostic biomarker of RBD and appears to be useful for identifying patients with idiopathic RBD at high risk for early conversion to PD.

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Variation in noninvasive ventilation use in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000007776 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. e306-e316 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nimish J. Thakore ◽

Brittany R. Lapin ◽

Erik P. Pioro ◽

Loutfi S. Aboussouan

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽

Noninvasive Ventilation ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard ◽

Bulbar Onset ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard Models ◽

R Factors ◽

Lateral Sclerosis

ObjectiveWe sought to examine prevalence and predictors of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in a composite cohort of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) followed in a clinical trials setting (Pooled Resource Open-Access ALS Clinical Trials database).MethodsNIV initiation and status were ascertained from response to question 12 of the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R). Factors affecting NIV use in patients with forced vital capacity (FVC) ≤50% of predicted were examined. Predictors of NIV were evaluated by Cox proportional hazard models and generalized linear mixed models.ResultsAmong 1,784 patients with 8,417 simultaneous ALSFRS-R and FVC% measures, NIV was used by 604 (33.9%). Of 918 encounters when FVC% ≤50%, NIV was reported in 482 (52.5%). Independent predictors of NIV initiation were lower FVC% (hazard ratio [HR] 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17–1.37 for 10% drop), dyspnea (HR 2.62, 95% CI 1.87–3.69), orthopnea (HR 4.09, 95% CI 3.02–5.55), lower bulbar and gross motor subscores of ALSFRS-R (HRs 1.09 [95% CI 1.03–1.14] and 1.13 [95% CI 1.07–1.20], respectively, per point), and male sex (HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.31–2.28). Adjusted for other variables, bulbar onset did not significantly influence time to NIV (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.47–1.08). Considerable unexplained variability in NIV use was found.ConclusionNIV use was lower than expected in this ALS cohort that was likely to be optimally managed. Absence of respiratory symptoms and female sex may be barriers to NIV use. Prospective exploration of factors affecting adoption of NIV may help bridge this gap and improve care in ALS.

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Factors affecting the results of analgesic therapy. Results of the Russian multicentre study of NOTE (NSAID: Open-label Trial of Efficacy)

Terapevticheskii arkhiv ◽

10.26442/terarkh201890665-73 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 90 (6) ◽

pp. 65-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A E Karateev ◽

E Yu Pogozheva ◽

E A Filatova ◽

V N Amirjanova ◽

A M Lila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pain Relief ◽

General Health ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽

Numerical Rating Scale ◽

Muscle Relaxants ◽

First Episode ◽

Health Improvement ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Complete Pain Relief

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are most popular medications for the treatment of pain in common musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA) and non-specific low back pain (LBP). However, the factors affecting the effectiveness of these drugs have not been determined fully. Aim: to identify factors affecting the effectiveness of NSAIDs in patients with OA and LBP. Materials and methods. An observational study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a 2-week course of NSAIDs in OA and LBP in real clinical practice. The study group consisted of 3604 patients with OA and LBP (60.6% women and 39.4% men, mean age 55.0±13.4 years). According to the study design, aceclofenac (Airtal) and other NSAIDs used in the ratio 1:1. The main criterion of effectiveness was the frequency of complete pain relief after 2 weeks of therapy. In addition, the decrease of pain and general health were determined on a 10-point numerical rating scale (NRS). We compared the frequency of complete pain relief in patients who had and did not have the studied factors. The value of the studied factors was determined using OR (95% CI). Results and discussion. Most patients received aceclofenac (54.9%), as well as diclofenac (2.0%), ketoprofen (1.9%), lornoxicam (2.2%), meloxicam (13.7%), naproxen (2.1%), nimesulide (5.8%), celecoxib (5.9%), ethicoxib (7.1%) and other NSAIDs (4.4%); 56.2% of patients received muscle relaxants, mainly tolperisone (74.7%), vitamin B (10.4%), and proton pump inhibitors (42.8%). Complete pain relief was achieved in 54.8% of patients. The pain decrease and general health improvement were (for NRS) 63.9±13.4% and 61.7±14.8%, respectively. The efficacy of aceclofenac was slightly higher than in the whole group: complete pain relief was in 59.9% of patients. Adverse events in aceclofenac use were observed in 2.3% of patients, other NSAIDs-from 2.4 to 14.1%. The frequency of complete pain relief was higher in men: OR 1,239 (95% CI 1.08-1.418; p=0.002), who had the first episode of pain - OR 3.341 (95% CI 2.873-3.875; p=0.000), a good" response " to NSAIDs in history - OR 1.656 (95% CI 1.385-1.980; p=0.000) and received NSAIDs in combination with muscle relaxants - OR 1.218 (95% CI 1.067-1.390; p=0.004). The effect of therapy is lower in patients 65 years and older-OR 0,378 (95% CI 0.324-0.442; p=0,000), with body mass index >30 kg/m² - OR 0.619 (95% CI 0.529-0.723; p=0.000), with severe pain (≥7 points NRS) - OR 0.662 (95% CI 0.580-0.756; p=0.002), with pain at rest, - OR 0.515 (95% CI 0.450-0,589; p=0.000), pain at night - OR 0.581 (95% CI 0.501-0.672; p=0.000) and the presence of stiffness - OR 0.501 (95% CI 0.438-0,573; p=0.000). Treatment results are significantly worse in the cases of combination of LBP and joint pain, as well as pain in the trochanter major and pes anserinus area (p

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