scholarly journals EXAMINING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ WORKING MEMORY AND THEIR ABILITIES TO SOLVE OPEN-ENDED CHEMISTRY PROBLEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-156
Author(s):  
Johnson E. Upahi ◽  
Umesh Ramnarain
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Memory Space

Open-ended problem-solving skills have been identified as employable skills, which undergraduate students will need to have in order to cope with real-life problems in their workplaces after graduation. However, the development and assessment of these skills have been inconsistent across courses offered in universities. This research examined undergraduate students’ ability to engage with open-ended chemistry problems, and the influence of their working memory space on problem solving. The research is a descriptive research design that employed a survey method for collection data. A purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 665 students from 19 chemistry departments in Nigerian universities. The students’ ability to solve open-ended problems was measured in terms of their performance and was found to be below average (< 50). The female students outperformed their male counterparts in the chemistry open-ended problem-solving test (ChemOPST). A strong positive correlation was found to exist between students’ working memory capacity and their performance in the ChemOPST. The research concludes on the need for experiential-based learning of chemical concepts which could help students build a knowledge base that is required to engage with problems that have real-life applications. Keywords: open-ended problems, working memory, chemistry problem-solving, university students.

scholarly journals University students' preference regarding social media content, internet usage and online friendship patterns

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-249
Author(s):  
Asma Butt
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Online Friendship ◽  
The University

PurposeThis study aimed to find out the web content accessed by university students and to compare the level of interaction with real-life friends and online friends.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the quantitative research design used, and the researcher collected data through the survey method. The population comprises all undergraduate students at the University of the Punjab, Lahore. The sample of 320 students, age ranges from 18 to 22 years from eight selected departments, collected through a simple random sampling technique and after extraction 284 questionnaires evaluated by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).FindingsThe findings of the study showed that students preferred activities on the Internet is to access social networking sites. Additionally, the mobile phone is the most commonly used device among university students to access the Internet. Furthermore, students mostly used Facebook to keep in touch with their old friends and talk on different topics more easily with their online friends as compared to real-life friends. The study also shows that the results of both the hypothesis are significant; therefore, no difference exists regarding time spent on the Internet in real-life friendship patterns and online friendship patterns.Originality/valueThe research was used to find out the difference between the online friendship and real-life friendship patterns of the two groups who use the Internet for less time and who spend more time on the Internet among the university students.

scholarly journals Habits of Mind Calon Guru Matematika dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ahmad Dzulfikar
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Habits Of Mind ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pre Service Teacher

Habits of mind had the impact toward mathematical problemsolving skills, especially for the pre-service teacher who will facilitate the development of their students’ mathematical problem solving skills in the future. This qualitative descriptive study aimed to analyze mathematical problem solving habits of mind of the pre-service teacher. 22 undergraduate students were the research subject that was chosen by purposive sampling technique. The research instrument was habits of mind scale, interview guide, and mathematical problemsolving test. The study found that level of mathematical problem solving habits of mind of the pre-service teacher was apprentice and practitioner. Based on the indicators, habits of thinking flexibly had the largest frequency of subject who had novice level. Whereas, flexibility in choosing and using strategy determined whether the subject could solve the problem or not. This research hypothesized that this condition was affected by prior mathematical ability. Therefore, future research and development of mathematical problem solving habits of mind of the pre-service teacher were needed.

Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Skills Comprehension Level among Vocational Education Undergraduates

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Z. Sharif ◽  
M.F. Lee ◽  
A. Ab. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
The Future

Critical thinking and problem solving skills (CTPS) are the skills that must be mastered by students to ensure competitiveness in the future workforce market. Hence, graduates should equip themselves with the skills required by the future workforce to ensure that they are marketable. However, many studies have shown that graduates are still weak in the skills needed by the industry as a result of fast technology development. There are seven elements for critical thinking and problem solving that must and should be mastered by the graduates, and the undergraduate students of vocational education at University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) are not exempted. Consequently, a study was conducted to identify the level of critical thinking and problem solving skills achievement among vocational education undergraduates through a survey method. The instrument used in this study was an achievement test that was developed according to the criteria of CTPS, which is emphasized by the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education. Five experts validated the achievement test and followed by the reliability test that involved about 30 respondents. Kuder Richardson 20 and Cohen Kappa were applied to ensure the reliability value of the achievement test. A total number of 66 vocational education undergraduates were involved in this study. Those respondents will be involved in an intervention program that aims to enhance their CTPS mastery level. Sum, mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the gathered data. The findings showed that the majority of vocational education undergraduates tend to have low and moderate level for all the seven elements in critical thinking and problem solving. In conclusion, intervention programmes or the existing learning approach need to be conducted in order to improve the undergraduate critical thinking and problem solving skills to prepare themselves for the demand of the future job market.

Effectiveness of a Problem-Solving Training Program

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan W. Wege ◽  
André T. Möller
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
External Control ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Control Orientation ◽  
Problem Solvers

The relationship between problem-solving efficiency, defined in terms of the quality of alternative soludons selected, and measures of behavioral competence (self-efficacy and locus of control) was investigated as well as the effectiveness of a problem-solving training program. Subjects were 29 undergraduate students assigned to an effective ( n = 16) and an ineffective ( n = 13) problem-solving group. Analysis indicated that the ineffective problem-solvers appraised their problem-solving skills more negatively and reported low self-efficacy expectations and an external control orientation. Problem-solving training led to improved general self-efficacy expectancies, greater confidence in problem-solving, a more internal control orientation, and improved problem-solving skills. These improvements were maintained at follow-up after two months.

scholarly journals The Online Learning and Students’ Fear of COVID-19: Study in Malaysia and Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Farhat Munir ◽  
Aizza Anwar ◽  
Daisy Mui Hung Kee
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Cognitive Problem ◽  
The Relationship

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced millions of students to stay indoors and adapt to the new normal, namely distance learning at home, placing online learning in the spotlight. However, students’ motivation for online learning and its effectiveness in skill development during the COVID-19 pandemic has not been widely studied. This study examined the relationship between students’ fear of COVID-19 and students’ social presence in online learning while investigating the parallel mediating role of student psychological motivation and cognitive problem-solving skills related to online learning. The participants were 472 university students in Malaysia and Pakistan. An online data collection technique using Google Forms was employed. Faculty members of the universities were asked to share the survey with their students. Moreover, using a snowball sampling technique, students were requested to share the survey with their friends. SPSS Statistics (Version 21)  was employed to do preliminary data analysis, AMOS (Version 21) software was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis using a maximum likelihood estimation, and Hayes’ PROCESS model was used to examine proposed hypotheses. The results show that only cognitive problem solving mediates the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and students’ social presence in online learning in Malaysian samples. In Pakistan, cognitive problem solving and psychological motivation mediate the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and students’ social presence in online learning. The study found that developing cognitive problem-solving skills and providing psychological motivation could enhance their engagement with online learning.

scholarly journals Improving students’ mathematical logical intelligence through the online-based integration of local wisdom of Sulapa Eppa Walasuji

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-294
Author(s):  
A. Nurannisa F.A ◽  
Andi Muhammad Irfan Taufan Asfar ◽  
Andi Muhamad Iqbal Akbar Asfar ◽  
Adji Syaifullah
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Design Type

Mathematical logical intelligence is one of the skills that are needed in the 21st century related to mathematical problem-solving skills. The importance of this skill is not in line with the facts on the ground, where students are still weak in counting and using logic in problem solving. The purpose of this research is to improve students’ mathematical logical intelligence through the online-based integration of local wisdom of Sulapa Eppa Walasuji. Sulapa Eppa Walasuji is one of the Bugis-Makassar local wisdoms with a unique pattern, appropriate to be used as a medium for learning transformation of geometry. Through the integration of local wisdom, Sulapa Eppa Walasuji can create contextual mathematics learning, so that students can easily understand the material by connecting real-life concepts. This research includes experimental research with a quasi-experimental design of the nonequivalent control group design type. The research instrument used was a mathematical logical intelligence test consisting of five essay questions. The data analysis used is descriptive statistics with gain score and effect size testing. The results showed that the mathematical logical intelligence of experimental class students increased by 43.16 with the effective contribution of the r effect size being 0.910. This indicates that the online-based integration of Sulapa Eppa Walasuji can improve students’ mathematical logical intelligence. 

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION (TAI) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Sri Utami ◽  
Lalu Sucipto
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
T Test ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Math Problem ◽  
Math Problem Solving ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Abstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan model pembelajaran Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Salafiyah Darul Falah Mataram yang berjumlah 153 siswa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu kelas VIII B dengan jumlah 28 siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif, dengan desain pre-eksperimen (One Group Pretest Postest Design). Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu menggunakan teknik cluster  random sampling . Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji-t test Sampel Related. Hasil perhitungan uji-t tes Sampel Related  didapatkan  sebesar dan sebesar dengan taraf signifikan . Karena , maka menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) efektif terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa.Abstract: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Teachers Assisted Individualization (TAI) learning model for students' math problem solving skills. The population in this study is the students of grade VIII SMP Salafiyah Darul Falah Mataram, amounting to 153 students. The sample in this research is class VIII B with the number of 28 students. The type of research used is quantitative research, with pre-experiment design (One Group Pretest Postest Design). The sampling technique is using cluster random sampling technique. Technique of data analysis using test-t test Sampel Related. The result of t-test calculation of Sample Related test obtained t_hitung equal to 19,01 and t_table equal to 2,052 with significant level 5%. Because t_hitung≥t_tabel, then show that Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) learning model effective to student's math problem solving ability.

VISOLE

2010 ◽  
pp. 185-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris S.Y. Jong ◽  
Junjie Shang ◽  
Fong-Lok Lee ◽  
Jimmy H.M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Game Based Learning ◽  
Pedagogical Approach ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Subject Specific ◽  
Virtual Interactive

VISOLE (Virtual Interactive Student-Oriented Learning Environment) is a constructivist pedagogical approach to empower computer game-based learning. This approach encompasses the creation of a near real-life online interactive world modeled upon a set of multi-disciplinary domains, in which each student plays a role in this “virtual world” and shapes its development. All missions, tasks and problems therein are generative and open-ended with neither prescribed strategies nor solutions. With sophisticated multi-player simulation contexts and teacher facilitation (scaffolding and debriefing), VISOLE provides opportunities for students to acquire both subject-specific knowledge and problem-solving skills through their near real-life gaming experience. This chapter aims to delineate the theoretical foundation and pedagogical implementation of VISOLE. Apart from that, the authors also introduce their game-pedagogy co-design strategy adopted in developing the first VISOLE instance—FARMTASIA.

Data Modeling

2011 ◽  
pp. 234-248
Author(s):  
Clare Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Data Structures ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Data Modeling ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Critical Skills ◽  
Tools And Techniques

Despite extensive changes in technology and methodology, anecdotal and empirical evidence (e.g., Davis et al., 1997) consistently suggests that communication and problem-solving skills are fundamental to the success of an IT professional. As two of the most valued skills in an IT graduate, they should be essential components of an effective education program, regardless of changes in student population or delivery mechanisms. While most educators would concur with this view, significantly more emphasis is generally placed on teaching the tools and techniques that students will require in their future careers, and a corresponding amount of energy is expended in attempting to identify what those tools and techniques might be. In contrast, successful problem solving is often seen either as an inherent capability that some students already possess or as a skill that some will magically acquire during the course of their studies. Data modeling as an activity, by which we mean the gathering and analysis of users’ information needs and their representation in an implementable design, is largely one of communication and problem solving and, consequently, provides an excellent opportunity for explicitly teaching these skills. Data modeling is generally considered to be one of the more difficult skills to teach (e.g., Hitchman, 1995; Pletch, 1989), particularly if the student has no previous understanding of physical data structures (de Carteret & Vidgen, 1995). The essential constructs, such as entities, attributes or objects, may be elegant in their powerful simplicity, but their combination into a useful design is a complex process of categorization in which there is “considerable room for choice and creativity in selecting the most useful classification” (Simsion, 1994 p.82). Data modeling requires not only the ability to communicate about and to solve a problem, but also to create possible solutions and then choose between them. Herein lies the difficulty. It is not enough to learn what the different constructs are, or even to study simple textbook examples of how to put them together. The student must really understand the problem, be able to create and recognize a number of possible ways in which the problem can be solved, and then exercise considerable critical skills in choosing between them. This chapter examines these issues and describes various ways in which final-year undergraduate students, taking a specialist module in data modeling, have been encouraged to develop, and have confidence in, their creative and critical ability to solve problems in a disciplined and systematic way.

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