scholarly journals Role of L-Ornithine in Mitigation of Salt Stress In Allium Cepa L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1165-1171
Author(s):  
Kürşat ÇAvuşoğlu ◽  
Di̇lek ÇAvuşoğlu

Effects of L-ornithine (150 mg/l) on the germination, seedling growth, mitotic index, chromosome aberrations and micronucleus frequency of Allium cepa L. bulbs germinated at 0.125 M salinity were studied. The radicle number of the group III bulbs germinated in the medium with ornithine alone as compared to ones of the group I (control) bulbs which germinated in distilled water medium. But, their germination percentage, radicle length and fresh weight were statistically the same as ones of the group I bulbs. Besides, the micronucleus frequency and chromosomal abnormalities in the root-tip meristematic cells of the group III bulbs showed increased germination compared to ones of the group I bulbs. However, their mitotic index statistically showed the same value as the group I bulbs. Salt stress significantly inhibited the germination and seedling growth of A. cepa bulbs. Moreover, it reduced the mitotic index in the root-meristem cells of the bulbs and fairly increased the number of chromosome aberrations and micronucleus frequency. On the other hand, the inhibitive effect of salt on the germination, seedling growth, mitotic index and micronucleus frequency was dramatically alleviated in varying degrees by ornithine application. But, it was ineffective in reducing the detrimental effect of salinity on the chromosome aberrations. The germination percentage, radicle lenght, radicle number, fresh weight, mitotic index, micronucleus frequency and chromosomal aberrations of the group II seedlings grown in 0.125 M salinity were 27%, 13.5 mm, 18.4, 7.1 g, 5.5, 18.3 and 60.8%, respectively while these values became 68%, 16.4 mm, 16.4, 10.5 g, 15.6, 7.6 and 74.8% in the group IV seedlings treated with L-ornithine. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(4): 1165-1171, 2021 (December)

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kürşat Çavuşoğlu ◽  
Fadime Doğu ◽  
Dilek Çavuşoğlu

The effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) on the seed germination, seedling growth (radicle length, radicle number and fresh weight), mitotic activity and chromosomal aberrations of Allium cepa L. germinated under salt stress were studied. Salt stress considerably inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth of A. cepa. Furthermore, it markedly reduced the mitotic index in root tip meristems of the seeds and increased the number of chromosomal aberrations. Whereas, the detrimental effects of salt on the seed germination, seedling growth, mitotic activitiy and chromosomal aberrations were dramatically alleviated in varying degrees by NaClO application.


Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdus Sobahan

Seed priming is a pre-sowing treatment that enhances germination performance and stress tolerance of germinating seeds. The effect of seed priming with proline on germination and seedling growth of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) under salt stress was investigated. The experiment carried out in completely randomized design with three replications in May 2018 at the Research Laboratory of the School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Salt stress at 5 dSm-1 decreased seed germination percentage, plumule length, radicle length, plumule fresh weight, radicle fresh weight and seed vigour index compared to control. Seed priming with proline increased germination percentage (53.84%), plumule length, radicle length, plumule fresh weight, radicle fresh weight and seed vigour index under salt stress. The results suggested that seed priming with proline could effectively alleviate the inhibitory effects of salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth of mungbean. South Asian J. Agric., 7(1&2): 15-18


Author(s):  
Muhammad Salahuddin ◽  
Fahim Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad Shahbaz ◽  
Muhammad Naeem ◽  
Bilal Zulfiqar ◽  
...  

The present study evaluated the effects of exogenous NO supply, using sodium nitroprusside (SNP) as a source of NO, on germination and seedling growth of mungbean (Vigna radiata) under salt stress conditions. The results showed that the seeds treated with NO solution (0.2 mM SNP) exhibited 80% and 109% higher germination percentage and germination stress tolerance index (GSI) than untreated seeds (control) under salt stress conditions. Similarly, the seedlings fertigated with NO maintained the highest values of 77.8%, 84.3%, 77.2%, 60.5% and 100.3% for plant height stress tolerance index (PHSI), root length stress tolerance index (RLSI), shoot fresh weight stress tolerance index, root fresh weight stress tolerance index (RFSI) and dry matter stress tolerance index (DMSI), respectively. Moreover, the NO fertigated seedlings maintained 57% higher chlorophyll contents than control seedlings. It is concluded that exogenous NO supply is an effective approach to ensure uniform stand establishment in saline regions of the world.


2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Hasan ◽  
M.S. Islam ◽  
M.R. Islam ◽  
H.N. Ismaan ◽  
A. El Sabagh

Abstract A laboratory experiment regarding germination and seedling growth test was conducted with three black gram genotypes tested under three salinity levels (0, 75 and 150 mM), for 10 days, in sand culture within small plastic pot, to investigate the germination and seedling growth characteristics. Different germination traits of all black gram genotypes, like germination percentage (GP), germination rate (GR), coefficient of velocity of germination (CVG) greatly reduced, as well as mean germination time (MGT) increased with increasing salt stress. At high salt stress, BARI Mash-3 provided the highest GP reduction (28.58%), while the lowest was recorded (15.79% to control) in BARI Mash-1. Salinity have the negative impact on shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights. The highest (50.32% to control) and lowest reduction (36.39%) of shoot length were recorded in BARI Mash-2 and BARI Mash-1, respectively, under 150 mM NaCl saline conditions. There were significant reduction of root lengths, root fresh and dry weight, shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weight in all genotypes under saline condition. The genotypes were arranged as BARI Mash-1 > BARI Mash-3 > BARI Mash-2, with respect to salinity tolerance.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Bilal Ahmad Khan ◽  
Saima Anwar ◽  
Rizwan Maqbool Maqbool ◽  
Muhammad Mohsin Amin ◽  
Muhammad Mansoor Javaid ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Aqueous extracts of plants are used to control weeds and having no hazards to environment and are inexpensive. Present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of aqueous extracts of Sonchus oleraceus L. on the Oryza punctata L. emergence and initial seedling growth. It consists of aqueous extract of leaves, stem and fruit of S. oleraceus at varying concentrations 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4 and 8 % (w/v) along with a distilled water control. The allelochemicals present in the aqueous extracts showed stimulatory, inhibitory and hormetic responses depending upon the concentration and the plant part. Results directed that maximum mean emergence time (5.26 days) and minimum germination index (1.67), germination percentage (40%), seedling fresh weight (59 g) and dry weight (8 g) of O. punctata were examined with 8% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit. However, 4% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit produced minimum root length (5.71). On the basis this experiment it was concluded that 8% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit can be used for controlling O. punctata weed. Keywords: Aqueous extract, environment, allelochamicals, hermetic response, stimulatory ABSTRACT Aqueous extracts of plants are used to control weeds and having no hazards to environment and are inexpensive. Present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of aqueous extracts of Sonchus oleraceus L. on the Oryza punctata L. emergence and initial seedling growth. It consists of aqueous extract of leaves, stem and fruit of S. oleraceus at varying concentrations 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4 and 8 % (w/v) along with a distilled water control. The allelochemicals present in the aqueous extracts showed stimulatory, inhibitory and hormetic responses depending upon the concentration and the plant part. Results directed that maximum mean emergence time (5.26 days) and minimum germination index (1.67), germination percentage (40%), seedling fresh weight (59 g) and dry weight (8 g) of O. punctata were examined with 8% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit. However, 4% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit produced minimum root length (5.71). On the basis this experiment it was concluded that 8% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit can be used for controlling O. punctata weed. Keywords: Aqueous extract, environment, allelochamicals, hermetic response, stimulatory ABSTRACT Aqueous extracts of plants are used to control weeds and having no hazards to environment and are inexpensive. Present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of aqueous extracts of Sonchus oleraceus L. on the Oryza punctata L. emergence and initial seedling growth. It consists of aqueous extract of leaves, stem and fruit of S. oleraceus at varying concentrations 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4 and 8 % (w/v) along with a distilled water control. The allelochemicals present in the aqueous extracts showed stimulatory, inhibitory and hormetic responses depending upon the concentration and the plant part. Results directed that maximum mean emergence time (5.26 days) and minimum germination index (1.67), germination percentage (40%), seedling fresh weight (59 g) and dry weight (8 g) of O. punctata were examined with 8% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit. However, 4% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit produced minimum root length (5.71). On the basis this experiment it was concluded that 8% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus fruit can be used for controlling O. punctata weed. Keywords: Aqueous extract, environment, allelochamicals, hermetic response, stimulatory


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUMAN PANTOLA ◽  
KIRAN BARGALI ◽  
S.S. BARGALI ◽  
VIBHUTI VIBHUTI

Among abiotic stresses, drought and salinity are two major determinants due to high magnitude of their impact and wide occurrence. Salinity considerably limits the productivity of crops and thus, considered as the most destructive abiotic factor. In the present study, response of Macrotyloma uniflorum and Vigna mungo to salt (NaCl) stress imposed at germination and seedling growth stages was investigated. The aim of the study was identify the physiological and morphological responses of selected leguminous crop. Seeds were obtained from the healthy plants, surface sterilized and placed under six salt stress levels (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 dsm-1). Complete randomized design with three replicates was used for this experiment and the experiments were conducted during the year 2015 in the glasshouse of Department of Botany, DSB, Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital. In comparison to Macrotyloma uniflorum (77%), higher germination percentage was observed in Vigna mungo (99%) at all salinity levels. In both the species, germination percentage and seedling growth decreased with the increase in salinity stress. Though Vigna mungo showed higher values for root (0.17 g) and shoot dry mass (0.27 g) the dry weight percentage reduction was higher in this species as compared to Macrotyloma uniflorum. Decrease in biomass of seedling with increasing salt stress indicated that the stress not only affected germination but also the growth of seedlings, which indicates that the synthetic ability of seed and biomass of the seedlings was also affected. Seed vigor index declined with the increase in salt concentrations. Outcomes from the study could be helpful in understanding the plant’s nature against different levels of salt stress and that could be economically exploited by various able agencies. At each salinity level, M. uniflorum showed higher salt tolerance index as compared to V. mungo so it can be cultivated in fields with salty soil.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-330
Author(s):  
Bilal Ahmad Khan

Abstract Crop plants release biochemicals into surrounding environment that help in obtaining maximum yield of crop by acting bioherbicide at high concentration and plant growth hormone at low concentration. Therefore, this study was planned at Department of Agronomy in Weed Science Laboratory, University of Agriculture Faisalabad during Winter 2018 to evaluate the hermetic effects of Althaea officinalis L. (khatami) on vegetable crop Radish (Raphanus sativus) The experiments were laid out under completely randomized design (CRD) having three replications. The aqueous extracts of A. officinalis L. were used on radish different concentrations (2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 40% and 80%). Data regarding seed germination and seedling growth (shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root dry weigh) of radish were recorded using standard procedures. Results Reveals that the aqueous extract of A. officinalis at higher concentration (80%) act as bioherbicide and produced inhibitory effects on R. sativus result in Maximum time to 50% germination (4.68 days) and mean germination time (9.05 days) while minimum germination index (3.60), germination percentage (85.00%), shoot length (42.4 cm), root length (25.90 cm), shoot fresh weight (53.30 g) and root fresh weight (13.30 g). While at lower concentration (10%) it shows hermetic effect and produce maximum germination percentage (100.00%), shoot length (58.2 cm), root length (52.0 cm), shoot fresh weight (90.00g), root fresh weight (26.30 g) minimum time to complete 50% germination (3.36 days), germination index (6.00%) and mean germination time (5.73 days) growth. In A. officinalis among different phenolic compound minimum Syringic acid (0.60%) and maximum Quercetion (12.3%) compound was found. Therefore, it was concluded from this study that aqueous extract of officinalis can be used as growth promoter at lower concentration while at higher concentration for environmentally friendly control of weeds.


2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-837
Author(s):  
D. Udhaya Nandhini ◽  
E. Somasundaram

Effects of nod factors (lipo chitooligosaccharide) on seedling growth of maize under salt stress have been studied. The study was framed with seed priming using lipo chitooligosaccharide (LCO) a nod factor @ 4 ml/kg of seeds and without priming on maize seedling growth which was exposed to different levels of salinity (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 dS/m). Salinity negatively influenced the seedling growth of maize. However nod factor treated maize seedlings had relatively higher germination percentage, root length, shoot length, reducing sugars and amylase activity. Correlation analysis revealed positive relationships between seedling growth parameters. Thus, seed priming with nod factor (4 ml/kg) improved the resistance to salinity at seedling stage. NaCl concentrations restricted amylase enzyme activity and reducing sugar content in the germinating seeds. Priming of nod factor/LCO mitigated the restricted effects of salinity on amylase activity and reducing sugars.


Author(s):  
Shaila Shermin Tania ◽  
Md. Moklasur Rahaman ◽  
Farjana Rauf ◽  
Mehera Afroj Suborna ◽  
Muhammad Humayun Kabir ◽  
...  

Aim: Salinity is a major barrier to successful crop production. Seed priming and exogenous application of different signaling molecules can efficiently confer salinity tolerance. Wheat is a major cereal crop in the world and salinity drastically reduces the wheat seedling growth and yield. Therefore, the present study was conducted to explore the potentiality of different signaling molecules such as salicylic acid (SA) and H2O2 to alleviate the salinity-induced growth inhibition of wheat. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, from September-October, 2021. Methodology: The wheat (cv. BARI-Gom 24) seeds were soaked in normal tap water (hydro-priming), 1 mM SA, 2 mM SA, 0.1 mM H2O2, and 0.15 mM H2O2 solutions for 30 minutes. The untreated seeds were used as control. Eventually, primed seeds were exposed to 150 mM NaCl in Petri dishes during germination. Primed and non-primed seedlings were grown for 15 days under 150 mM NaCl stress condition. Results: The result revealed that salt stress significantly reduced germination percentage (GP), germination index (GI), seed vigor index (SVI), shoot and root length. The results also exhibited that photosynthetic pigments, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, lycopene, and beta-carotene contents were significantly reduced by salt stress. Seed priming with SA and H2O2 and hydro-priming promoted the germination percentage, seedling growth (including shoot and root length), SVI, and photosynthetic pigments. Conclusion: Pretreatment with 1 mM SA and 0.1 mM H2O2 was observed to be relatively more efficient in conferring salinity tolerance of wheat compared with other treating conditions. Overall, this study suggests that wheat seed priming with SA and H2O2 and hydro-priming can improve salinity tolerance. Aim: Salinity is a major barrier to successful crop production. Seed priming and exogenous application of different signaling molecules can efficiently confer salinity tolerance. Wheat is a major cereal crop in the world and salinity drastically reduces the wheat seedling growth and yield. Therefore, the present study was conducted to explore the potentiality of different signaling molecules such as salicylic acid (SA) and H2O2 to alleviate the salinity-induced growth inhibition of wheat. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, from September-October, 2021. Methodology: The wheat (cv. BARI-Gom 24) seeds were soaked in normal tap water (hydro-priming), 1 mM SA, 2 mM SA, 0.1 mM H2O2, and 0.15 mM H2O2 solutions for 30 minutes. The untreated seeds were used as control. Eventually, primed seeds were exposed to 150 mM NaCl in Petri dishes during germination. Primed and non-primed seedlings were grown for 15 days under 150 mM NaCl stress condition. Results: The result revealed that salt stress significantly reduced germination percentage (GP), germination index (GI), seed vigor index (SVI), shoot and root length. The results also exhibited that photosynthetic pigments, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, lycopene, and beta-carotene contents were significantly reduced by salt stress. Seed priming with SA and H2O2 and hydro-priming promoted the germination percentage, seedling growth (including shoot and root length), SVI, and photosynthetic pigments. Conclusion: Pretreatment with 1 mM SA and 0.1 mM H2O2 was observed to be relatively more efficient in conferring salinity tolerance of wheat compared with other treating conditions. Overall, this study suggests that wheat seed priming with SA and H2O2 and hydro-priming can improve salinity tolerance.


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