scholarly journals Cytotaxonomy of four Floral Variants of Impatiens Balsamina L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chandan Kumar Dash ◽  
Md Harun Ar Rashid ◽  
Syeda Sharmeen Sultana ◽  
M Oliur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Symmetry Index ◽  
Continuous Type ◽  
Impatiens Balsamina ◽  
Total Chromosome Length ◽  
Karyotype Asymmetry ◽  
Gradient Type ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Orcein Staining

Karyomorphological characters were investigated in four floral variants of Impatiens balsamina L. viz. white, pink, violet and red for proper characterization and inferring relationships among them. All four floral variants of I. balsamina were found to possess 2n = 14 chromosomes, and ‘Simple Chromocenter Type’ of interphase nuclei was observed in all variants with many small heterochromatin blocks after orcein staining. ‘Continuous Type’ of prophase chromosomes was found in red variant, whereas both ‘Continuous and Gradient Type’ were found in other three variants. The red variant could easily be distinguished from the remaining three variants by total chromosome length, centromeric formula, average chromosome length, total form value, and karyotype asymmetry plus symmetry index. Based on karyomorphology, the white, pink and violet variants of I. balsamina were found very closely related and constituted with similar genome, whereas red variant was found to possess slightly modified genome and distinct from other three floral variants. Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 1, 1-9, 2019

scholarly journals Karyomorphological study of Enhydra fluctuans Lour. (Asteraceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
MS Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Individual Chromosome ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
Gradient Type ◽  
Orcein Staining

In the present study, karyomorphological features of Enhydra fluctuans Lour. were investigated. Orcein-staining was used for the authentic chromosomal characterization and identification. In E. fluctuans ‘Simple Chromocenter Type’ of interphase nuclei was observed with many small heterochromatin blocks after orcein staining. Prophase chromosomes showed ‘Gradient Type’ with orcein staining. This species was found to possess 2n=10x=110 with basic chromosome number x=11 and this is probably the first report for this species. The centromeric formula of this species was ‘38m+70sm+2ac’. The above features indicated that E. fluctuans is an advance polyploid with asymmetric karyotype. The total chromatin length (2n) was 295.92 μm. Individual chromosome length ranged from 1.84-4.26 μm. The relative length of each chromosome ranged from 0.006-0.014. The above mentioned data will be useful for karyomorphological characterization of E. fluctuans from Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(4), 283-288, 2019

scholarly journals Orcein and DAPI-stained karyotype analysis of Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Ashma Ahmed Warasy
Keyword(s):  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Asymmetry Index ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Karyotype Asymmetry ◽  
Karyotype Analyses ◽  
Dapi Banding ◽  
Gradient Type ◽  
Chromosomal Length

Karyotype analyses are required for the identification, characterization, and genetic improvement of any organism. Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don. was investigated cytogenetically to determine the karyotypic features. Complex chromocenter type, of interphase nuclei, and gradient type of prophase chromosomes were found in this study. Alocasia macrorrhizos was found to possesses 2n=28 chromosomes. The total length of the 2n chromosome complement was recorded as 98.83±1.39 μm. The range of chromosomal length was 2.50±0.10-4.70±0.10 μm. A gradual decrease in chromosomal length was observed. The total form (TF%) value was found to be 43.58%, Karyotype symmetry index (Syi %) was 77.00 % and karyotype asymmetry index (AsK %) was 56.66%. The centromeric formula was 18m+4sm+2ac, representing asymmetric karyotype. In DAPI banding, the 1.48% positive banded region indicates the lower amount of AT rich repeats in this material. Therefore, Alocasia macrorrhizos could be authentically characterized through karyotype analysis. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 45(1); 27-35: June 2021

scholarly journals Karyotype analysis with orcein and CMA from leaf base cells of Rauvolfia serpentina Benth. et Kurz

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syeda Sharmeen Sultana ◽  
ANM Rubaiyath Bin Rahman ◽  
Sheikh Shamimul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Entire Length ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Rich Region ◽  
Rauvolfia Serpentina ◽  
Fluorescent Banding ◽  
Orcein Staining

Many prominent darkly stained heterochromatic blocks were found in the interphase nuclei of Rauvolfia serpentina following orcein staining. The prophase chromosomes of this species became stained homogeneously throughout the entire length. This species was found to possess 2n = 20 metacentric chromosomes revealing symmetric karyotype but if the chromosome length (6.67 - 3.17 μm) is considered, it indicates asymmetric karyotype. Total GC-rich region was 15.62% of the total chromatin length. Eight CMA-positive bands on different locus revealed the accumulation of GC-rich repeats. The two entirely CMA-banded chromosomes were so unique that could be used as marker for this species. Key words: Karyotype; Rauvolfia serpentina; Fluorescent banding DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v38i1.5133 Bangladesh J. Bot. 38(1): 55-63, 2009 (June)

scholarly journals Cytogenetical characterization of Acalypha indica L. in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Ishrat Jahan Bonna ◽  
Sheikh Shamimul Alam ◽  
Syeda Sharmeen Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Cytological Investigation ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Orcein Staining ◽  
Acalypha Indica

Acalypha indica L. was cytogenetically characterized after staining with orcein, CMA and DAPI. In this species "Simple Chromocenter Type" of interphase nuclei was observed with a few small heterochromatin blocks following orcein staining. Prophase chromosomes showed “Interstitial Type” of staining pattern with orcein which indicated the tendency of aggregation of heterochromatin in interstitial regions of chromosome. This plant was found to possess 2n = 20 metacentric chromosomes. The total length of 2n chromosome complement was 55.33 μm. Individual chromosome length ranged from 1.84 to 3.50 μm. The relative length of each chromosome ranged from 0.03 to 0.06. After staining with CMA, three bright bands were observed at different locations of chromosomes. A total of four DAPI-positive bands were also found of which two bands were centromeric and other two were entirely fluoresced with DAPI. The results of the cytological investigation may be useful for future characterization of this plant species. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(2): 183-189, 2018 (July)

scholarly journals Orcein and Fluorescent Banding Analysis of Two Floral Types of Catharanthus Roseus L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-227
Author(s):  
Tanusree Datta ◽  
Meghla Saha Pinky ◽  
Chandan Kumar Dash ◽  
Kazi Nahida Begum
Keyword(s):  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Continuous Type ◽  
Fluorescent Banding ◽  
Banding Analysis ◽  
Taxonomical Status ◽  
Gradient Type ◽  
Combined Data

Two floral types of Catharanthus roseus L. viz. pink and white were studied through differential staining with orcein, CMA and DAPI for cytogenetical characterization and to assist towards updating their taxonomical status and evaluating chromosomal diversity between them. "Simple Chromocenter Type" of interphase nuclei was observed with some darkly stained small heterochromatic regions throughout the nuclei. Most of the prophase chromosomes of Catharanthus roseus (pink and white) were "Continuous Type" and a few were "Gradient Type". Although these two floral types possessed 16 metacentric chromosomes in somatic cells, they showed variation in fluorescent banding pattern considering the modification of GC- and AT-rich repetitive segments. Taking into account all the parameters of both the floral types of C. roseus showed strict symmetric karyotype as well as primitive nature. Therefore, the combined data of differential staining provide information to make comments on their chromosomal status with cytogenetical characterization and also create a baseline for future research. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(2): 219-227, 2020 (July)

Somatic chromosome number and ploidy level in three Curcuma spp. from Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Ishrat Jahan Bonna ◽  
Suma Akter ◽  
Syeda Sharmeen Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
First Time ◽  
Orcein Staining

Three Curcuma L. species were investigated cytogenetically which represent diversed staining pattern of heterochromatins in interphase nuclei and prophase chromosomes with orcein staining. Curcuma longa and C. caesia were found to possess 2n = 3x = 63 somatic chromosomes whereas 2n = 2x = 42 chromosome number in C. zedoaria is reported for the first time from Bangladesh. Total chromosome length recorded in C. longa, C. caesia and C. zedoaria were 145.08 ± 2.85 μm, 164.93 ± 4.29 μm and 97.78 ± 2.41 μm, respectively. This was the first attempt to measure the length of the chromosomes for these species. The experiment confirmed the basic chromosome number x = 21 with triploid (C. longa, C. caesia) and diploid (C. zedoaria) Curcuma plants. Polyploidy could be employed in the evolution and diversification of the genus Curcuma, which is an essential factor to characterize the species of this genus. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 133-140, 2021 (July)

scholarly journals Karyomorphology of Justicia adhatoda L. by differential staining

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Chandan Kumar Dash ◽  
Sheikh Shamimul Alam ◽  
Syeda Sharmeen Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Fluorescent Banding ◽  
Chromosomal Data ◽  
Justicia Adhatoda ◽  
Orcein Staining

Karyomorphological features of Justicia adhatoda L. were investigated in this study after differential staining with orcein, CMA and DAPI for proper characterization. In this species "Simple Chromocenter Type" of interphase nuclei was observed with many small heterochromatin blocks after orcein staining. Prophase chromosomes showed "Interstitial Type" of staining pattern which indicated the tendency of aggregation of heterochromatin in interstitial regions of chromosome. This species was found to possess 2n = 34 metacentric chromosomes. The total length of 2n chromosome complement was 132.17 μm. Individual chromosome length ranged from 2.57 to 5.43 μm. The relative length of each chromosome ranged from 0.02 to 0.04. A total of seven CMA-positive bands were observed in this species whereas no band was found after DAPIstaining. This result suggested the absence of AT-rich portions and occurrence of GC-rich portions in the respective banded chromosomes. Except 2n chromosome number, the other karyological and fluorescent banding information probably was the first report for this species and it might help to enhance the chromosomal data base with detailed karyomorphological information of this plant species in Bangladesh. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(2): 175-181, 2018 (July)

scholarly journals A Karyological Study in Some Species of Coffea L. and in the Closest Relative Psilanthus travancorensis (Wight & Arn.) J.-F. Leroy

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neiva Izabel PIEROZZI ◽  
Thalita C. BORGHI ◽  
Maria Bernadete SILVAROLLA
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Pair ◽  
Secondary Constriction ◽  
Karyological Study ◽  
Karyotype Asymmetry ◽  
Centromeric Position ◽  
Karyotype Formula ◽  
Orcein Staining ◽  
Nor Band ◽  
Chromosome Characterization

Chromosome characterization were carried out in Coffea kapakata A. Chev (Bridson), C. racemosa Lour., C. salvatrix Swynn. & Philipson and in Psilanthus travancorensis (Wight & Arn.) J.-F. Leroy (2n=22) by employing the conventional acetic orcein technique as well as by C- and NOR-banding aiming further comparative studies. Although C. canephora and C. dewevrei have already been studied and depict a C-band karyotype, they have also been included for further comparisons, since NOR-banding and some other morphometric data have not been obtained yet. However, there were observed some differences among the species regarding chromosomal morphometry. The karyotype formula obtained was 3m+6sm+2sms for C. salvatrix and P. travancorensis, 1M +2m + 6sm + 2sms for C. kapakata and 2M +1m + 6sm + 2sms for C. racemosa. All species displayed a moderate karyotype asymmetry and according to Stebbins system, C. canephora, C. dewevrei, C. kapakata and C. racemosa were classified as 3B while C. salvatrix and P. travancorensis were classified as 2A. Among the four indices used to assess karyotype asymmetry, Paszko AI index along with Stebbins were best suited to individualize the species. C-bands were preferentially situated at a pericentromeric/centromeric position. Two pairs of chromosomes, with secondary constriction and satellite segments, were observed in all the species following acetic orcein staining. C. racemosa and C. salvatrix showed NOR-band in both pairs, while only one chromosome pair carrying NOR-band was seen in C. canephora, C. dewevrei, C. kapakata and P. travancorensis. Data on chromosome morphometry, asymmetry indices and NOR-banding were suitable for the characterization of the species.

Observations on chromosomes and gametogenesis ofTransversotrema patialense(Trematoda)

Parasitology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mad Havi ◽  
J. V. Ramanjaneyulu
Keyword(s):  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Cytological Data ◽  
Total Chromosome Length ◽  
Diploid Complement ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phylogenetic Status ◽  
Snail Tissue

SUMMARYThe karyotype ofTransversotrema patia1enconsists of 10 pairs of chromosomes (2n= 20) of which 5 pairs are metacentrics and 5 pairs are submetacentrics. The chromosomes are large and range in size from 5 to 12 μm. The total chromosome length of the diploid complement is 16783 μm. Stages of spermatogenesis including the two gonial divisions and two reduction divisions leading to production of spermatozoa occur in cercarial embryos inside snail tissue, while the maturation divisions of the ovum occur in eggs freshly liberated by the fluke. The chiasma frequency is high, being 3888/cell and 388/bivalent. Cytological data indicate an independent phylogenetic status for the family Transversotrematidae.

scholarly journals Variation in actual relationship among descendants of inbred individuals

2012 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. HILL ◽  
B. S. WEIR
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Total Chromosome Length ◽  
Inbreeding Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Actual Relationship

SummaryIn previous analyses, the variation in actual, or realized, relationship has been derived as a function of map length of chromosomes and type of relationship, the variation being greater the shorter the total chromosome length and the coefficient of variation being greater the more distant the relationship. Here, the results are extended to allow for the relatives’ ancestor being inbred. Inbreeding of a parent reduces variation in actual relationship among its offspring, by an amount that depends on the inbreeding level and the type of mating that led to that level. For descendants of full-sibs, the variation is reduced in later generations, but for descendants of half-sibs, it is increased.

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