scholarly journals Antimicrobial Therapy in Preventing Wound Infection Following Appendicectomy in Uncomplicated Appendicitis: A Comparative Study Between Single Dose And Multiple Doses In Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ashraf Uddin Khan ◽  
Md Alamgir Hossain Sikder ◽  
Arif Salam Khan ◽  
Md Ashiqur Rahman ◽  
Ahmed Sarni Al Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Uncomplicated Appendicitis ◽  
And Control

Objectives: To find out the efficacy of single dose antibiotic vs multiple dosesin preventing wound infection following appendicectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis. Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted in the Department of Surgery, Chittagong Medical college Hospital from January'2009 to June'2009. 100 patients with uncomplicated appendicitis who underwent appendicectomy during that period were included in this study. Among them 50 cases were included in study group ·(SG) who were given only single dose of combination drugs ( lnj. Cefuroxime + lnj. Metronidazole).ln rest of the 50 cases (CG), antibiotics were continued for 7 days postoperatively. Result: Maximum incidence of acute appendicitis was in the 2nd and 3rd decade of life with male preponderance .Rate of wound infection in the study group and control group was 4% and 2% respectively which was not statistically significant .The duration of antibiotic therapy had no significant effect on the length of hospital stay between the two groups ; 2.48 days vs 2.9 days [mean + s.d. 69.6 # 16.8 hours ] in the study and control group respectively, though treatment cost was higher in control group in comparison to the study group . Conclusion: Single dose of preoperative antibiotics is adequate for prevention of postoperative wound infection following appendicectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2015) Vol. 19 (1) : 17-20

scholarly journals Oral Ondansetron in the Prevention of Per and Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
ML Rahman ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
N Yusuf ◽  
A Ahsan ◽  
AHM Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Post Operative Nausea ◽  
And Control ◽  
Single Blind ◽  
Oral Ondansetron

A randomized single blind study was done in the Department of Anaesthesiology, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital to demonstrate the role of ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in alleviating per and post operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing caeserian section (CS) under subarachnoid block (SAB). For the purpose, the incidence of per and post operative nausea and vomiting were compared between matched case (n=119) and control (n=121) groups undergoing CS under SAB. Cases received 16 mg ondansetron orally one hour prior to surgery. Anti emetic prophylaxis with single dose ondansetron resulted in significant reduction of per operative and immediate post operative (2 hours) nausea and vomiting. However, at sixth post operative hour difference in nausea and vomiting between case and control groups became less significant (<0.05). Incidence of nausea and vomiting during 1st post operative hour in ondansetron group was 4.2% and 0.84% respectively in comparison to 41.3% and 19.8% in control group. During 2nd post operative hour no incidence of nausea and/or vomiting were observed among subjects receiving ondansetron whereas in control group 29.2% and 5% subjects suffered from nausea and vomiting, respectively. Overall, ondansetron 16 mg is well tolerated and easy to use. Results of the present study revealed that ondansetron can be effectively used in preventing per operative and immediate post operative nausea and vomiting.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v18i1.3294TAJ 2005; 18(1): 1-4

scholarly journals Association of Low Serum Cholesterol With Hemorrhagic Stroke

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
ABM Khairul Hasan ◽  
Jalal Uddin ◽  
Safayet Ahmed ◽  
Kazi Shihab Uddin ◽  
Muhammad Alamgir Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Serum

Background: Stroke is the second cause of death and third cause of disability in worldwide so control of risk factor is the best option for prevention of stroke and stroke related disability. Objectives: The study is to know the relation of low serum cholesterol with hemorrhagic stroke. Materials and Methods: This Study is a case control study carried out at Neurology and Medicine ward Mymensingh Medical college hospital (MMCH) from july2017 to December 2018 to see the association of low serum cholesterol with hemorrhagic stroke. A total number of 120 subjects more than 18 years were considered for the study. Among them 60 were study group and 60 were control group. The study population has been selected following some exclusion and inclusion criteria. Results: Result showed that hemorrhagic stroke was more in male than female, common after the age of 60 years. Lower middle classes are more sufferers. Hypertension was 76.7% of study group and serum cholesterol was significantly lower in study group than the control group. Conclusion: This study found that the serum total cholesterol level of study group is less than that of the healthy control group and the difference is statistically highly significant (p< 0.001). So it can be concluded that low serum cholesterol is associated with hemorrhagic stroke. KYAMC Journal. 2021;12(3): 147-152

scholarly journals The effect and safety of placental blood drainage as a part of active management of third stage of labour in spontaneous vaginal delivery

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1977
Author(s):  
Nidhi Gupta ◽  
Mohita Agarwal ◽  
Saroj Singh ◽  
Parul Gangwar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: In placental cord drainage facilitates placental delivery in both vaginal and caesarean section deliveries. The present study was done to evaluate the effect and safety of placental blood drainage as a part of active management of third stage of labour to reduce the duration and blood loss during third stage of labour.Methods: The study was conducted in department of Obstetrics and, SN Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India on 400 term pregnant women, with single live intrauterine fetus in cephalic presentation, without any complication. They were randomly divided into to study and control group. Study group: It comprised of 200 Gynaecology cases, underwent active management of third stage of labour with placental blood drainage. Control group: It comprised of 200 cases, underwent active management of third stage of labour (AMTSL) alone. Duration and blood loss during third stage were noted.Results: The mean duration of third stage of labour was 3.61±0.972mins in study group and 8.15±1.711mins in control group. The mean blood loss during third stage of labour was 168.14±76.703ml and 287.40±85.808ml in study and control group respectively.Conclusions: Duration of third stage, blood loss during third stage, and hemoglobin deference between pre and post-delivery were reduced significantly in study group than control group.

scholarly journals Patient Empowerment: An Effective Strategy to Improve Management of GDM

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
Fatema Ashraf ◽  
Sania Sultana ◽  
Tasdik Hasan ◽  
Hamida Pervin ◽  
Fahima Mustanzid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Patient Empowerment ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College

Background: GDM is a public health issue, affecting mostly the South East Asian region, as well in Bangladesh (prevalence 9.7% - 12.9%). It has a significant adverse impact on maternal and foetal outcome. So it needs to be addressed energetically to avoid maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. Also it will contribute a lot to the pool of Type II Diabetes as substantial number of GDM mother and their offspring may develop type II DM in near future. Self-management of GDM is well-known globally but there is still lacking in adequate handling of diabetes by the patients themselves. Nevertheless the lacking can be minimized through ‘Patient Empowerment’ by clear understanding of the disease and its consequences along with intense learning, training, monitoring and evaluation of the clients involved. Also it will help in emotional stability of the client which is an essential component of diabetes management during pregnancy. The innovative strategy may contribute significantly in GDM management at low cost in a resource constraint setting. Objective: To find the effectiveness of ‘patient empowerment’ promoting better self-management of GDM. Methodology: This quasi experimental study was done on 96 cases (48 in each group) by purposive sampling technique at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital (ShSMC) as study group & Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH) as control group, from August 2012 – August 2015. Both group were matched of age, parity, education and income. Ethical clearance was taken from ethical committee of both ShSMC and RMCH Result: In the study group good glycemic control achieved with diet & exercise (75%) and Insulin required in only 25% cases, while in control group Insulin given in 75% cases. In the study group NVD (67%) were more than control group (33.3%). There were no obstructed labour in study group but control group (12.50%). Majority of the study group (74.6%) had no or minimum antenatal complication, in comparison to control group (74.66%). Regarding Neonatal outcome, neonatal resuscitation required none in study group but 12 (25%) in control group. So, overall adverse outcome observed less in study group than control group Conclusion: Patient empowerment can be an effective tool to manage GDM cases with an outcome of good control of blood sugar; less antenatal, intrapartum and post natal complications, good foetal and neonatal outcome and low requirement of insulin. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2018, Vol.10(2); 91-94

scholarly journals STUDY OF MORPHOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY OF PLACENTA IN HYPERSENSITIVE MOTHERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Gajbhiye ◽  
Sachin Gajbhiye
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
And Control ◽  
Placental Volume ◽  
Placental Thickness

Background: Hypertensive pregnancy may be responsible for vascular damage, enhanced systemic inflammation and insulin resistance in the placenta as oxygen and nutrient transfer is impaired and oxidative stress is generated affecting the placental growth and development. Placental growth pattern in hypertensive pregnancies shows a variable pattern owing to placental insufficiency. Method: The study was carried out on 80 sets placentae, mothers and their babies. The placentae were collected from Obstetrics & Gynecology Department of NSCB Medical College Jabalpur. Out of 80 placentae, 40 were from normal pregnant mothers and 40 from pregnancies complicated by PIH in previously normotensive women, serial number of placentae, mother and baby were same. placentae were  collected soon after the normal vaginal delivery or caesarian section along with 10 cm long stump of umbilical cord. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether maternal PIH would affect the morphology and histology of placenta and compare this with that of normotensive mothers. It was a cross-sectional comparative study carried out at the maternity ward and anatomy department of NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur. Result: A Macroscopic study of the placenta revealed placental weight, placental volume, diameter, placental thickness and number of cotyledons were less in study group. Mean placental weight in study group was 336gm and in control group was 425 (p<0.05). Mean placental volume in study group & control group were 236and352 ml respectively (p<0.05). Mean number of cotyledons were 14.7and 16 in study & control group respectively but not significant and mean diameter15.6 cms and17.05cms in study and control group. But in the present study placental thickness was not significant (p<0.539). There was a single umbilical artery present in one patient in PIH group.  All morphometric parameters of placenta weight, volume, diameter, thickness, no. of cotyledons were reduced. Histological findings were cytotrophoblastic cellular proliferation, syncitial knot formation, fibrin plaque formation. In 20 percent cases, villi were hypovascular. The hypovascular villi have abundance of syncitial knots, usually lack vasculosyncitial membrane and increased stromal collagen. Conclusion: PIH adversely affect both morphology and histology of placenta. Keywords: morphology, histology, placenta, hypersensitive & mothers.

scholarly journals Correlation of Duration of Hair Loss with Trace Element Level in Hair Loss Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Farhana Rahman ◽  
Qazi Shamima Akhter ◽  
Nahid Yeasmin ◽  
Farhana Sultana ◽  
Sabira Tabassum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Study Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Serum Iron Level ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption

Background: Hair loss is a worldwide problem with significant prevalence in the developed countries. Although many pathophysiological factors have been involved in the development of hair loss, its etiology is still unclear. Trace elements. Objective: To assess duration of hair loss with serum iron level in alopecia. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka during January 2017 to December 2017. Serum iron level was estimated by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry of thirty five newly diagnosed hair loss patients aged 18 to 45 years were study group and thirty five ages, sex and BMI matched healthy subjects were control group. Both male and female was assessed by analyzing time. In this study, the duration of hair loss was 1 to 18 months. Duration of hair loss in study group was divided in two groups such as ≤2 months and >2 months. Patients were selected from Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. For statistical analysis Unpaired Student’s‘t’ test, Chi square tests and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) tests were performed. Results: In this study, serum iron level showed negative correlation with the duration of disease in study group. Conclusions: From this study, it is concluded that serum iron deficiency is associated with duration of hair loss patients. J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 29, No.1, April, 2020, Page 29-32

scholarly journals Demographic proles of epileptic patients and their awareness towards epilepsy with the inuence on compliance

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Md Ferdous Mian ◽  
Mohammad Jobayer ◽  
Zeenat Afroz ◽  
Ahmed Hossain Chowdhury ◽  
Rajib Nayan Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control

There are about 2 million epilepsy patients in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to correlate the demographic parameter of epilepsy patients with their knowledge about the disease and also with the compliance of antiepileptic drugs. This retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Neurology at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh from July 2010 to June 2012. A total of 100 epilepsy patients of any age and sex attending the epilepsy clinic were enrolled of which 50 patients who had experienced one or more seizures over last six months were designated as uncontrolled epileptic patients were in case group and 50 patients who were seizure-free for six months were designated as controlled epileptic patients were in control group. Mean age of case and control groups were 21.84 ±8.70 and 23.94 ±10.28 years respectively. Most of the epilepsy patients were between the age of 11 to 30 years that was 88% in case group and 76% in control group. Male was predominant than female in both group. Among study population 70% and 58% had educational status below Primary level in case and control group respectively. Seventy percent of uncontrolled epilepsy patients were from low income group and 62% of them were unemployed. Maximum (68% in case and 44% in control group) patients were from rural area. Almost all controlled epilepsy patients took drugs regularly, whereas 52% patients with uncontrolled epilepsy did not took drugs regularly and 64% of them had history of missing anti-epileptic drugs. Knowledge about the disease, treatment and prognosis of epilepsy was better in control group than in case group of epilepsy patients. It may be concluded that lower socioeconomical condition, less education and lack of awareness about epilepsy and non-affordability, limited availability of drugs, lack of counseling have contributed to the non-compliance of antiepileptic drugs.Bangladesh Med J. 2016 Jan; 45 (1): 20-24

scholarly journals Association of Streptococcus with Guttate Psoriasis: An Observational Study at Two Tertiary Care Hospitals in Dhaka

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
Md Akram Hossain ◽  
Md. Eakub Ali ◽  
Ishrat Bhuiyan ◽  
Md. Shahadat Hossain ◽  
Biswas Shahin
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Guttate Psoriasis ◽  
And Control

Background: Psoriasis is multifactorial in origin. Streptococcal infection, sore throat has been claimed to be an  infectious  cause.Objective: The  purpose  of  the  present  study  was  to  observe  the  association  of Streptococcus with guttate psoriasis.Methodology: This was an observational case-control study which was conducted in the Department of Dermatology & Venereology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), & Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College hospital (ShSMCH) in Dhaka city of Bangladesh during the period of February 2012  to October 2012. Patients clinically and histopathologically diagnosed as psoriasis were selected as case group and patients with skin diseases other than psoriasis were selected as control group.Results: A total of 115 patients were included in this study of which 64 patients were in case group and the rest 51 patients were designated as control group. The mean age was 30.73±14.69 years and 26.47±12.64 years in cases and control groups respectively (p>0.05). About 66.6% patients gave a positive history of sore throat. ASO titer was raised (>200 IU/ml) in 25(83.3%) patients of guttate psoriasis and 5(23.8%) in patients of their non-psoriatic controls (p<0.05). Streptococcus pyogenes was found in 9(30.0%) patients of case group and only 2(9.5%) patients were found in their control group.Conclusion: Streptococcal throat infections are associated with guttate psoriasis patients.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i2.20763J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2013;5(2):91-94

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Therapy in Preventing Wound Infection Following Appendectomy for Uncomplicated Appendicitis in Children : Comparison Between Single Dose and Multiple Doses

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
MA Mushfique Rahman ◽  
Md Abdullah Al Farooq ◽  
Md Akbar Husain Bhuiyan ◽  
Md Minhajuddin Sajid ◽  
Tanvir Kabir Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Multiple Doses ◽  
Uncomplicated Appendicitis

The role of antibiotics in acute appendicitis is well established. If there is no intra-peritoneal contamination the antibiotic administration should be prophylactic. The current trend is to continue post operative antibiotics for fixed periods ranging from 5 to 7 days in most of the hospitals in our country. Our aim was to assess the safety in relation to wound infection after appendectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis in children with single dose combined antimicrobial therapy and multiple doses. For this purpose a prospective comparative study was done in department of surgery, Dhaka Shishu Hsopital from January, 2004 to December, 2004. Children upto 12 yrs of age with diagnosis of uncomplicated appendicitis were included in this study and preoperative findings of perforated, gangrenous appendix, histopathological report of normal appendix were excluded. Patients received antibiotics prior to hospital admission and acute appendicitis with other systemic diseases were also excluded. Total 60 patients were selected randomly in control (30 patients) and study (30 patients) group. All patients received per operative triple untibiotic therapy (Amoxycillin, Metronidazole and Gentamicin). No further antibiotic were given in study group, post operative antibiotics were continued for 7 days in control group. Wound infection was noted in 1 patient (3.33%) of each group and cost of antibiotics was significantly higher in control group (P value > 0.05). It has proved that uncomplicated appendicitis in children can be treated safely with single dose triple antibiotic therapy and use of extended period of post operative antibiotics gives no added benefit. JCMCTA 2012; 23(1): 26-30

scholarly journals A randomised controlled trial comparing the efficacy of single dose prophylactic ceftriaxone versus post-operative ciprofloxacin and metronidazole combination in reducing post-operative wound infection after clean surgeries

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 3864
Author(s):  
S. Vasu ◽  
Kshir Sagar
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Postoperative Wound Infection ◽  
Postoperative Wound

Background: Surgical site infections were considered to be the major contributor to increased morbidity and mortality in clean surgeries. Many studies prove that single dose prophylaxis is more effective than multiple dosing. No data currently exist about comparative efficacy of single dose prophylactic ceftriaxone with postoperative ciprofloxacin and metronidazole combination in reducing postoperative wound infection after clean surgeries. Hence the present study was done to compare their efficacy in terms rate of incidence of wound infection and side effects.Methods: This prospective study was done on 120 patients who were selected for clean surgeries at Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Bengaluru during the period from April 2015 and March 2016. 60 patients received single dose of ceftriaxone prophylactically and considered as study group and other 60 patients received combination of ciprofloxacin and metronidazole postoperatively for 5-7 days and considered as control group. The efficacy of drugs was estimated in terms of reducing the incidence of wound infection.Results: The wound infection rate was 13.33% in the study group and 28.33% in control. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism isolated from wound discharge. However, gram negative organism accounted for majority of infections. There were no major side effects encountered in either of the groups.Conclusions: The study concludes that single dose ceftriaxone can be widely applied in the routine practice in clean surgeries. The single dose ceftriaxone showed many advantages over the control group in terms of Reduced the incidence of postoperative wound infection with no major side effects.

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