scholarly journals Avaliação da toxicidade in silico do monoterpeno ascaridol

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e159953094
Author(s):  
Maria Tays Pereira Santana ◽  
Thallita Alves Dos Santos ◽  
Lucas Linhares Gomes ◽  
Heloisa Mara Batista Fernandes de Oliveira ◽  
Gymenna Maria Tenório Guênes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Para Determinar

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a toxicidade in silico do monoterpeno ascaridol. Na avaliação da toxicidade foi realizado estudo in silico usando a ferramenta AdmetSAR para determinar o Potencial Mutagênico AMES, Toxicidade Oral Aguda (TOA), Potencial Carcinogênico (PC) e Carcinogenicidade (Car). Após a análise da substância foi observado que este não apresentou potencial mutagênico pelo teste de AMES, revelando baixo potencial carcinogênico e teve uma TOA com categoria II, que mostrou DL50 variando de 50mg\Kg – 500mg\Kg. Os resultados demonstram que o ascaridol apresenta ausência nos potenciais mutagênicos, carcinogênico e TOA moderada, tais características que torna essa substância viável para futuras análises in vitro e in vivo buscando melhor uso do seu potencial bioativo em alvos terapêuticos.

O ESTUDO DOS FLAVIVÍRUS PELA BIOINFORMÁTICA E A IMPORTÂNCIA NA BUSCA POR ANTIVIRAIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thalita Barcelos Silva ◽  
Luiza Helena Angarten Ferraz De Carvalho ◽  
Dhullya Eduarda Resende Santos ◽  
Júlia Emanuelle Macedo Noleto ◽  
Hanstter Hallison Alves Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Para Determinar

Introdução: Flavivírus é um gênero de vírus que apresenta grande incidência de infecção em todo o mundo, como Dengue, Febre Amarela e Zika, sendo elas doenças emergentes. Eles são arbovírus, o hospedeiro intermediário é um artrópode responsável por transmitir os vírus, sendo o principal vetor o mosquito Aedes aegypti. Diversos estudos buscam encontrar fármacos que possam agir como antivirais e uma das formas utilizadas é a partir da bioinformática. Ela analisa de maneira tridimensional, por estudo computacional, sequências estruturais importantes, buscando proteínas chave, enzimas e inibidores na tentativa de encontrar formas de interações entre elas e fármacos, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de potenciais antivirais para um tratamento eficaz. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a importância da bioinformática nas buscas por fármacos que possam tratar doenças causadas por Flavivírus. Material e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura realizada a partir da seleção e análise de 5 artigos, publicados entre os anos de 2015 a 2020, sendo coletados nas plataformas de pesquisa Google Acadêmico e Scielo, encontrados utilizando os descritores: Antivirais, Bioinformática, Dengue e Flavivírus. Resultados: Infecções como Dengue, Zika e Febre Amarela causam preocupação, principalmente por serem sazonais e com grande índice de infecção. A epidemia dessas doenças, preocupa os pesquisadores em decorrência ao alto número de infectados na última década e por não haver um tratamento eficaz e definitivo, somente paliativo. Estudos têm sido realizados com maior intensidade, principalmente com a utilização de modelagem molecular para determinar os sítios de ligação e o complexo droga-receptor. Um estudo in sílico utilizou o complexo protease NS3-NS2B em conjunto com uma molécula inibidora (BznKRR-H cristalografada), e por meio da bioinformática, calculou a energia de ligação existente entre cada aminoácido da estrutura e a interação do inibidor BznKRR-H, a fim de determinar a viabilidade de uma ação farmacológica eficiente contra o vírus, para partir para um estudo in vitro e in vivo. Conclusão: A bioinformática tem grande importância na busca por tratamentos, pois as inovações tecnológicas possibilitam a avaliação de possíveis antivirais, principalmente com a busca dos complexos droga-inibidor, analisando quais apresentariam uma maior eficácia contra o vírus.

Recent In Vitro and In Silico Advances in the Understanding of Intranasal Drug Delivery

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Chen ◽  
Andrew Martin ◽  
Warren H. Finlay
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Intranasal Drug Delivery ◽  
Nasal Sprays ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Drug Delivery Devices

Background: Many drugs are delivered intranasally for local or systemic effect, typically in the form of droplets or aerosols. Because of the high cost of in vivo studies, drug developers and researchers often turn to in vitro or in silico testing when first evaluating the behavior and properties of intranasal drug delivery devices and formulations. Recent advances in manufacturing and computer technologies have allowed for increasingly realistic and sophisticated in vitro and in silico reconstructions of the human nasal airways. Objective: To perform a summary of advances in understanding of intranasal drug delivery based on recent in vitro and in silico studies. Conclusion: The turbinates are a common target for local drug delivery applications, and while nasal sprays are able to reach this region, there is currently no broad consensus across the in vitro and in silico literature concerning optimal parameters for device design, formulation properties and patient technique which would maximize turbinate deposition. Nebulizers are able to more easily target the turbinates, but come with the disadvantage of significant lung deposition. Targeting of the olfactory region of the nasal cavity has been explored for potential treatment of central nervous system conditions. Conventional intranasal devices, such as nasal sprays and nebulizers, deliver very little dose to the olfactory region. Recent progress in our understanding of intranasal delivery will be useful in the development of the next generation of intranasal drug delivery devices.

In-silico Studies of Isolated Phytoalkaloid Against Lipoxygenase: Study Based on Possible Correlation

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Haroon Khan ◽  
Muhammad Zafar ◽  
Helena Den-Haan ◽  
Horacio Perez-Sanchez ◽  
Mohammad Amjad Kamal
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Lipoxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
Lipoxygenase Inhibition ◽  
In Silico Studies

Aim and Objective: Lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes play an important role in the pathophysiology of several inflammatory and allergic diseases including bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, rheumatoid arthritis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Inhibitors of the LOX are believed to be an ideal approach in the treatment of diseases caused by its over-expression. In this regard, several synthetic and natural agents are under investigation worldwide. Alkaloids are the most thoroughly investigated class of natural compounds with outstanding past in clinically useful drugs. In this article, we have discussed various alkaloids of plant origin that have already shown lipoxygenase inhibition in-vitro with possible correlation in in silico studies. Materials and Methods: Molecular docking studies were performed using MOE (Molecular Operating Environment) software. Among the ten reported LOX alkaloids inhibitors, derived from plant, compounds 4, 2, 3 and 1 showed excellent docking scores and receptor sensitivity. Result and Conclusion: These compounds already exhibited in vitro lipoxygenase inhibition and the MOE results strongly correlated with the experimental results. On the basis of these in vitro assays and computer aided results, we suggest that these compounds need further detail in vivo studies and clinical trial for the discovery of new more effective and safe lipoxygenase inhibitors. In conclusion, these results might be useful in the design of new and potential lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitors.

Assessing Drug Transport Across the Human Placental Barrier: From In Vivo and In Vitro Measurements to the Ex Vivo Perfusion Method and In silico Techniques

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 804-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos Giaginis ◽  
Anna Tsantili-Kakoulidou ◽  
Stamatios Theocharis
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Drug Transport ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Placental Barrier ◽  
Ex Vivo Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Method ◽  
In Vitro Measurements

In Silico Assessment of ADME Properties: Advances in Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Permeability Modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (26) ◽  
pp. 2209-2229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Pham-The ◽  
Miguel Á. Cabrera-Pérez ◽  
Nguyen-Hai Nam ◽  
Juan A. Castillo-Garit ◽  
Bakhtiyor Rasulev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Drug Substances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Modeling Techniques

One of the main goals of in silico Caco-2 cell permeability models is to identify those drug substances with high intestinal absorption in human (HIA). For more than a decade, several in silico Caco-2 models have been made, applying a wide range of modeling techniques; nevertheless, their capacity for intestinal absorption extrapolation is still doubtful. There are three main problems related to the modest capacity of obtained models, including the existence of inter- and/or intra-laboratory variability of recollected data, the influence of the metabolism mechanism, and the inconsistent in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) of Caco-2 cell permeability. This review paper intends to sum up the recent advances and limitations of current modeling approaches, and revealed some possible solutions to improve the applicability of in silico Caco-2 permeability models for absorption property profiling, taking into account the above-mentioned issues.

In Silico Study of Potential Cross-Kingdom Plant MicroRNA Based Regulation in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Marjanu Hikmah Elias ◽  
Noraziah Nordin ◽  
Nazefah Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Structure Prediction ◽  
Tertiary Structure ◽  
Target Prediction ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Microrna Target ◽  
Good Target

Background: Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) is associated with the BCRABL1 gene, which plays a central role in the pathogenesis of CML. Thus, it is crucial to suppress the expression of BCR-ABL1 in the treatment of CML. MicroRNA is known to be a gene expression regulator and is thus a good candidate for molecularly targeted therapy for CML. Objective: This study aims to identify the microRNAs from edible plants targeting the 3’ Untranslated Region (3’UTR) of BCR-ABL1. Methods: In this in silico analysis, the sequence of 3’UTR of BCR-ABL1 was obtained from Ensembl Genome Browser. PsRNATarget Analysis Server and MicroRNA Target Prediction (miRTar) Server were used to identify miRNAs that have binding conformity with 3’UTR of BCR-ABL1. The MiRBase database was used to validate the species of plants expressing the miRNAs. The RNAfold web server and RNA COMPOSER were used for secondary and tertiary structure prediction, respectively. Results: In silico analyses revealed that cpa-miR8154, csi-miR3952, gma-miR4414-5p, mdm-miR482c, osa-miR1858a and osa-miR1858b show binding conformity with strong molecular interaction towards 3’UTR region of BCR-ABL1. However, only cpa-miR- 8154, osa-miR-1858a and osa-miR-1858b showed good target site accessibility. Conclusion: It is predicted that these microRNAs post-transcriptionally inhibit the BCRABL1 gene and thus could be a potential molecular targeted therapy for CML. However, further studies involving in vitro, in vivo and functional analyses need to be carried out to determine the ability of these miRNAs to form the basis for targeted therapy for CML.

scholarly journals In Silico Predicted Antifungal Peptides: In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Candida Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Tecla Ciociola ◽  
Walter Magliani ◽  
Tiziano De Simone ◽  
Thelma A. Pertinhez ◽  
Stefania Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Consensus Sequence ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Synthetic Antibody

It has been previously demonstrated that synthetic antibody-derived peptides could exert a significant activity in vitro, ex vivo, and/or in vivo against microorganisms and viruses, as well as immunomodulatory effects through the activation of immune cells. Based on the sequence of previously described antibody-derived peptides with recognized antifungal activity, an in silico analysis was conducted to identify novel antifungal candidates. The present study analyzed the candidacidal and structural properties of in silico designed peptides (ISDPs) derived by amino acid substitutions of the parent peptide KKVTMTCSAS. ISDPs proved to be more active in vitro than the parent peptide and all proved to be therapeutic in Galleria mellonella candidal infection, without showing toxic effects on mammalian cells. ISDPs were studied by circular dichroism spectroscopy, demonstrating different structural organization. These results allowed to validate a consensus sequence for the parent peptide KKVTMTCSAS that may be useful in the development of novel antimicrobial molecules.

scholarly journals Combining species specific in vitro & in silico models to predict in vivo food effect in a preclinical stage – case study of Venetoclax

2021 ◽  
pp. 105840
Author(s):  
Laura J. Henze ◽  
Niklas J. Koehl ◽  
Joseph P. O'Shea ◽  
René Holm ◽  
Maria Vertzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Food Effect ◽  
Preclinical Stage ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
In Silico Models

Synthesis and characterization of Chitosan-Catechol conjugates: Development and in vitro, in silico and in vivo evaluation of mucoadhesive pellets of lafutidine

2021 ◽  
pp. 088391152199784
Author(s):  
Loveleen Kaur ◽  
Ajay Kumar Thakur ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Inderbir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Dissolution Time ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Release Studies

Present study was aimed to synthesize and characterize Chitosan-Catechol conjugates and to design and develop mucoadhesive pellets loaded with lafutidine. SEM images indicated the presence of fibrous structures responsible for enhanced mucoadhesive potential of Chitosan-Catechol conjugates. Thermodynamic stability and amorphous nature of conjugates was confirmed by DSC and XRD studies respectively. Rheological studies were used to evaluate polymer mucin interactions wherein strong interactions between Chitosan-Catechol conjugate and mucin was observed in comparison to pristine chitosan and mucin. The mucoadhesion potential of Chitosan-Catechol (Cht-C) versus Chitosan (Cht) was assessed in silico using molecular mechanics simulations and the results obtained were compared with the in vitro and ex vivo results. Cht-C/mucin demonstrated much higher energy stabilization (∆E ≈ −65 kcal/mol) as compared to Cht/mucin molecular complex. Lafutidine-loaded pellets were prepared from Chitosan (LPC) and Chitosan-Catechol conjugates (LPCC) and were evaluated for various physical properties viz. flow, circularity, roundness, friability, drug content, particle size and percent mucoadhesion. In vitro drug release studies on LPC and LPCC pellets were performed for computing t50%, t90% and mean dissolution time. The values of release exponent from Korsmeyer-Peppas model was reported to be 0.443 and 0.759 for LPC and LPCC pellets suggesting Fickian and non-Fickian mechanism representing drug release, respectively. In vivo results depicted significant controlled release and enhanced residence of the drug after being released from the chitosan-catechol coated pellets. Chitosan-Catechol conjugates were found to be a promising biooadhesive polymer for the development of various mucoadhesive formulations.

Potential of nafimidone derivatives against co‐morbidities of epilepsy: In vitro, in vivo, and in silico investigations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suat Sari ◽  
Burak Barut ◽  
Monika Marcinkowska ◽  
Suna Sabuncuoğlu ◽  
Ahmet Avci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico
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