scholarly journals Sustainable management of populations impacted by harvesting and climate change

2022 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
NC Stenseth ◽  
RA Ims ◽  
BE Sæther ◽  
L Cadahía ◽  
I Herfindal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Integrative Research ◽  
Management Approaches

The sustainable use of natural resources is critical for addressing the global challenges of today. Strategies for sustainable harvesting need to consider not only harvested species, but also other non-harvested species interacting with them in the same ecosystem. In addition, environmental variation needs to be considered, with climate change currently being one of the main sources of this variation. Understanding the consequences of complex interactions between different drivers and processes affecting dynamics of species and ecosystems across spatial scales requires large-scale integrative research projects. The Norwegian research initiative “Sustainable management of renewable resources in a changing environment: an integrated approach across ecosystems” (SUSTAIN) was launched to fill knowledge gaps related to the sustainable management of populations and ecosystems experiencing climate change. SUSTAIN investigated terrestrial, marine and freshwater ecosystems in boreal and Arctic regions, using both theoretical developments and empirical analyses of long-term data. This Climate Research Special contains both synthesis articles and original research exemplifying some of the approaches used in SUSTAIN. In this introduction we highlight 4 key topics addressed by SUSTAIN: (i) population structure, (ii) interactions between species, (iii) spatial processes, and (iv) adaptive management. These topics are fundamental to the understanding of harvested species from an ecosystem perspective, and to ecosystem-based management approaches, which we are striving to work towards.

scholarly journals Repeated surveying over 6 years reveals that fine-scale habitat variables are key to tropical mountain ant assemblage composition and functional diversity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulalo M. Muluvhahothe ◽  
Grant S. Joseph ◽  
Colleen L. Seymour ◽  
Thinandavha C. Munyai ◽  
Stefan H. Foord
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Fine Scale

AbstractHigh-altitude-adapted ectotherms can escape competition from dominant species by tolerating low temperatures at cooler elevations, but climate change is eroding such advantages. Studies evaluating broad-scale impacts of global change for high-altitude organisms often overlook the mitigating role of biotic factors. Yet, at fine spatial-scales, vegetation-associated microclimates provide refuges from climatic extremes. Using one of the largest standardised data sets collected to date, we tested how ant species composition and functional diversity (i.e., the range and value of species traits found within assemblages) respond to large-scale abiotic factors (altitude, aspect), and fine-scale factors (vegetation, soil structure) along an elevational gradient in tropical Africa. Altitude emerged as the principal factor explaining species composition. Analysis of nestedness and turnover components of beta diversity indicated that ant assemblages are specific to each elevation, so species are not filtered out but replaced with new species as elevation increases. Similarity of assemblages over time (assessed using beta decay) did not change significantly at low and mid elevations but declined at the highest elevations. Assemblages also differed between northern and southern mountain aspects, although at highest elevations, composition was restricted to a set of species found on both aspects. Functional diversity was not explained by large scale variables like elevation, but by factors associated with elevation that operate at fine scales (i.e., temperature and habitat structure). Our findings highlight the significance of fine-scale variables in predicting organisms’ responses to changing temperature, offering management possibilities that might dilute climate change impacts, and caution when predicting assemblage responses using climate models, alone.

scholarly journals A trait-based approach to assess climate change sensitivity of freshwater invertebrates across Swedish ecoregions

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Sandin ◽  
Astrid Schmidt-Kloiber ◽  
Jens-Christian Svenning ◽  
Erik Jeppesen ◽  
Nikolai Friberg
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Buffer Strips

Abstract Freshwater habitats and organisms are among the most threatened on Earth, and freshwater ecosystems have been subject to large biodiversity losses. We developed a Climate Change Sensitivity (CCS) indicator based on trait information for a selection of stream- and lake-dwelling Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera taxa. We calculated the CCS scores based on ten species traits identified as sensitive to global climate change. We then assessed climate change sensitivity between the six main ecoregions of Sweden as well as the three Swedish regions based on Illies. This was done using biological data from 1, 382 stream and lake sites where we compared large-scale (ecoregional) patterns in climate change sensitivity with potential future exposure of these ecosystems to increased temperatures using ensemble-modelled future changes in air temperature. Current (1961~1990) measured temperature and ensemble-modelled future (2100) temperature showed an increase from the northernmost towards the southern ecoregions, whereas the predicted temperature change increased from south to north. The CCS indicator scores were highest in the two northernmost boreal ecoregions where we also can expect the largest global climate change-induced increase in temperature, indicating an unfortunate congruence of exposure and sensitivity to climate change. These results are of vital importance when planning and implementing management and conservation strategies in freshwater ecosystems, e.g., to mitigate increased temperatures using riparian buffer strips. We conclude that traits information on taxa specialization, e.g., in terms of feeding specialism or taxa having a preference for high altitudes as well as sensitivity to changes in temperature are important when assessing the risk from future global climate change to freshwater ecosystems.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a unique approach to high-resolution climate modeling using the Model for Prediction Across Scales – Atmosphere (MPAS-A) version 5.1

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3725-3743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison C. Michaelis ◽  
Gary M. Lackmann ◽  
Walter A. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
General Circulation Models

Abstract. We present multi-seasonal simulations representative of present-day and future environments using the global Model for Prediction Across Scales – Atmosphere (MPAS-A) version 5.1 with high resolution (15 km) throughout the Northern Hemisphere. We select 10 simulation years with varying phases of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and integrate each for 14.5 months. We use analyzed sea surface temperature (SST) patterns for present-day simulations. For the future climate simulations, we alter present-day SSTs by applying monthly-averaged temperature changes derived from a 20-member ensemble of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) general circulation models (GCMs) following the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 emissions scenario. Daily sea ice fields, obtained from the monthly-averaged CMIP5 ensemble mean sea ice, are used for present-day and future simulations. The present-day simulations provide a reasonable reproduction of large-scale atmospheric features in the Northern Hemisphere such as the wintertime midlatitude storm tracks, upper-tropospheric jets, and maritime sea-level pressure features as well as annual precipitation patterns across the tropics. The simulations also adequately represent tropical cyclone (TC) characteristics such as strength, spatial distribution, and seasonal cycles for most Northern Hemisphere basins. These results demonstrate the applicability of these model simulations for future studies examining climate change effects on various Northern Hemisphere phenomena, and, more generally, the utility of MPAS-A for studying climate change at spatial scales generally unachievable in GCMs.

Achieving forest biodiversity outcomes across scales, jurisdictions and sectors with cycles of adaptive management integrated through criteria and indicators

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J McAfee ◽  
C. Malouin ◽  
N. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Forest Biodiversity ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Criteria And Indicators ◽  
Incomplete Knowledge ◽  
Canadian Council

The national forest strategy provided a model for Canada's international support for sustainable development, which later resulted in the development of a national biodiversity strategy. Adaptive management is a preferred approach for implementing such policies where incomplete knowledge and the highly variable dynamics associated with natural ecosystems are challenges. While the concept of adaptive management is embedded in various policies, complete implementation is only beginning in Canada. Case studies on adaptive management frameworks focusing on conservation and sustainable management of forest biodiversity compare how information has been integrated across spatial scales, jurisdictions and sectors of activity. To monitor progress in sustainable forest management, the Canadian Council of Forest Ministers established a framework of criteria and indicators in 1995. The potential for criteria and indicators reporting to drive cross-scale adaptive management of Canada's biological resources is discussed. Key words: forest biodiversity, conservation, sustainable use, criteria and indicators, adaptive management, monitoring

scholarly journals Harnessing Indigenous Technologies for Sustainable Management of Land, Water, and Food Resources Amidst Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziblim Abukari Imoro ◽  
Abubakari Zarouk Imoro ◽  
Abudu Ballu Duwiejuah ◽  
Ammal Abukari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Sea Levels

Through advancements in technology humans have cultivated more food, used more fossil fuel reserves, polluted the environment, and caused climate change. This was not the case some few decades ago where indigenous technologies were used in exploiting natural resources. Unfortunately, the effects of climate change on the planet are no more distant reality. The melting of glaciers, rising sea levels, extreme rainfall, and prolonged drought are already being experienced. These have affected water resources, land, and food security across the world. The limits of conventional climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies call for the integration of indigenous knowledge and technologies for tackling climate change issues. This is because of the importance that indigenous knowledge and technologies have for identifying the impacts and as well providing effective adaption and mitigation strategies to climate change. Thus, this chapter explores the potential of indigenous knowledge and technologies for the sustainable management of water, land, and food security amidst climate change. The applications of indigenous technologies and knowledge such as agroforestry, the use of sacred groves to conserve water, land, and biodiversity resources, and the practising of conservation-agriculture are discussed as solutions for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, water shortages, land degradation, and pollution. However, these indigenous technologies will be less useful in today's world if not harnessed. Thus also in this chapter, the scientific know-how available to improve the effectiveness of indigenous technologies for the sustainable use of water, land, and food resources have been identified (Robotics, sensors/detectors, internet of things) and discussed.

scholarly journals Climate-smart water technologies for sustainable agriculture: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1455-1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Patle ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Manoj Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Management ◽  
Smart Water ◽  
Conservation Farming ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Abstract Worldwide water management in irrigated and rain-fed agriculture is becoming more and more complex to overcome the expected water scarcity stress. In addition to this, challenges of global warming and climate change would have to be met through the judicious application of water in agriculture through climate-smart water technologies. Agriculture is an important sector in India and many developing countries, providing huge employment opportunities to rural populations, and supporting them to achieve food and nutritional security goals. In this paper, an attempt has been made to address challenges of increasing food production and improving rural livelihoods, while safeguarding critical water resources for sustainable use through adaptive measures for effective water management, particularly in drought-prone regions. An integrated approach needs to be implemented in agricultural water management through adoption of innovations such as water harvesting, micro-irrigation and resource conservation farming to increase water-use efficiency in agriculture and other critical services to humans and animals. The aim of this study is to facilitate an improved understanding of the potential implications of climate change and adaptation options for agricultural water management and thereby assist policymakers in taking up adaptation challenges and developing measures to reduce the vulnerability of the farming sector to climate change.

scholarly journals A Methodological Integrated Approach to Analyse Climate Change Effects in Agri-Food Sector: The TIMES Water-Energy-Food Module

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7703
Author(s):  
Maria Maddalena Tortorella ◽  
Senatro Di Leo ◽  
Carmelina Cosmi ◽  
Patrícia Fortes ◽  
Mauro Viccaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Food System ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Material System ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Times

The European Union’s 2030 climate and energy policy and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development underline the commitment to mitigate climate change and reduce its impacts by supporting sustainable use of resources. This commitment has become stricter in light of the ambitious climate neutrality target set by the European Green Deal for 2050. Water, Energy and Food are the key variables of the “Nexus Thinking” which face the sustainability challenge with a multi-sectoral approach. The aim of the paper is to show the methodological path toward the implementation of an integrated modeling platform based on the Nexus approach and consolidated energy system analysis methods to represent the agri-food system in a circular economy perspective (from the use of water, energy, biomass, and land to food production). The final aim is to support decision-making connected to climate change mitigation. The IEA-The Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System (TIMES) model generator was used to build up the Basilicata Water, Energy and Food model (TIMES-WEF model), which allows users a comprehensive evaluation of the impacts of climate change on the Basilicata agri-food system in terms of land use, yields and water availability and a critical comparison of these indicators in different scenarios. The paper focuses on the construction of the model’s Reference Energy and Material System of the TIMES model, which integrates water and agricultural commodities into the energy framework, and on the results obtained through the calibration of the model β version to statistical data on agricultural activities.

scholarly journals Uncertainty of Streamflow Forecasting with the Climate Change Scenario in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Bhatt ◽  
Ajay Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Climate Change Scenario ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Streamflow Forecasting ◽  
Projected Changes

Streamflow and rainfall estimates have utmost importance to compute detailed water availability and hydrology for many sectors such as agriculture, water management, and food security. There are various models developed over the years for runoff estimation but among them only a few models incorporate climate change factors. Snowmelt and rainfall are the main sources of surface as well as groundwater resource and the main inputs in runoff models for estimation of streamflow. There are numerous factors which leads to climate change which intern affects the distribution on rainfall on spatial and temporal scales and the rate of melting of snows in the Himalayan region. Uncertainties in projected changes in the hydrological systems arise from internal variability in the climatic system, uncertainty about future greenhouse gas and aerosol emissions, the translations of these emissions into climate change by global climate models, and hydrological model uncertainty. Projections become less consistent between models as the spatial scale decreases. The uncertainty of climate model projections for freshwater assessments is often taken into account by using multi-model ensembles. The multi-model ensemble approach is, however, not a guarantee of reducing uncertainty in mathematical models. In recent years the floods have occurred due to high intensity rainfall occurred in a very short time, but in several cases the flooding has also occurred because the rainfall has fallen at times when all the storage systems have not been emptied after the previous rainfall. This is what we call coupled rainfall. There is currently no recommendation for how to take coupled rainfall account when applying the climate change scenario. It is estimated that such changes represent at a large scale, and cannot be applied to shorter temporal and smaller spatial scales. In areas where rainfall and runoff are very low (e.g., desert areas), small changes in runoff can lead to large percentage changes. In some regions, the sign of projected changes in runoff differs from recently observed trends. Moreover, in some areas with projected increases in runoff, different seasonal effects are expected, such as increased wet season runoff and decreased dry season runoff. Studies using results from fewer climate models can be considerably different from the other models

scholarly journals Identification of climate changes based on antropogenic transformation of landscapes

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Socio Economic Development

Formulation of the problem. Functioning of natural geosystems is aimed at preserving their structure, but economic activity leads to imbalances, decreases in order, loss of internal organization and the inability to maintain the necessary stabilization. Analysis of previous research. Studies of the last decades have shown that the climatic conditions of Ukraine can be unfavorable for the life and economic activity of the society. Problems of further research. To find the solution to the problem of preserving the ability of the biosphere to self-regulation, self-restoration by optimizing anthropogenic load on natural systems is very important. Identification of climate change factors is aimed at finding the most active sources of environmental impact in order to determine the real threat of global climate change. The purpose of the research is to determine the causes, areas of initial formation, further development of negative meteorological processes and phenomena on the territory of Kharkiv region during the last decades and to study parameters and causes of air masses transformation, changes in their properties and various resistance to anthropogenic impact. Research methods are observation with the help of various devices and technical means. An integrated approach using field-based observations and technology of climatic series analysis with the help of statistical methods for climate information processing, characterized by high accuracy, allow us to determine their spatial-temporal features and future projections to the natural environment. Presentation of the main research material. Optimal strategic socio-economic development of the regions requires identification of specific links between natural and socio-economic entities, as well as studying large-scale and profound by the consequences violations of the ecosystem at the planetary level - the biosphere and its components. There is a general tendency towards directed climate change, the so-called "global warming", which threatens natural landscapes, upsetting and destroying them. Practical value. There are causal relationships between climatogenic changes, influence of human activity and the reaction of landscapes to them. This is manifested in creation of a variety of transformed landscapes (agrarian, residential, industrial). The consequence of anthropogenic transformations is the change in the parameters and characteristics of the components of nature. Research results. Indicators are the basis for information blocks concerning decision-making in the areas of socio-economic development. Climate parameters of a certain territory may differ from zonal ones and in combination with anthropogenic transformation affect the general condition of the landscapes, lead to the intensification of adverse hydrometeorological and exogenous geodynamic processes and phenomena (erosion, deluvial processes, landslides, suffusion, deflation, flooding.

scholarly journals Research Note Sustainable Management: An Accounting Issue?

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Göran Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Management Approaches

There is an ongoing debate in the worldwide scholarly society regarding the causes of noted climate change on the planet Earth. It is a concern also frequently debated in the non-scholarly societies. Principally, it is about whether or not the causes of noted climate change are the result of natural<br />or human-related factors. The objective of this research note is to raise the<br />question whether sustainable management is an accounting issue. It intends to pinpoint the need to visualize sustainable aspects of management approaches.<br /><br />

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