scholarly journals Clinical muscle strength measurements: reference values and reliability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rob Douma
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedict Wei Jun Pang ◽  
Shiou-Liang Wee ◽  
Lay Khoon Lau ◽  
Khalid Abdul Jabbar ◽  
Wei Ting Seah ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Objective What are the reference values of sensorimotor performance for fall risk in community-dwelling adults? How do our population norms compare to that of other populations? Are younger adults at risk of falls? Methods In a cross-sectional study design, sensorimotor functions and fall risk scores of community-dwelling adults were assessed and calculated to derive corresponding fall risk categories. Reference values were determined using the average scores by age-group. A total of 542 community-dwelling adults were recruited (21-90 years old) across 10-year (21-60 years) and 5-year age-groups (>60 years) to obtain a representative sample of community-dwelling adults in Singapore. We assessed five physiological domains: vision, proprioception, muscle strength, reaction time and postural balance, according to the Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA). Fall risk scores and the corresponding fall risk profiles were generated from an online calculator. Results Sensorimotor performance and PPA fall risk scores were significantly worse for increasing age categories (p < .01). Females had significantly slower reaction time (p < .001), lower muscle strength (p < .001) and higher fall risk (p = .008). Our representative sample of older adults (≥65 years) performed poorer in postural sway (z = −0.50) and reaction time (z = −0.55), but better in proprioception (z = 0.29) and vision (z = 0.23) compared to Caucasian norms. Among younger adults (21-59 years), 36.8% appeared to exhibit higher fall risk. Conclusions Our study presents important reference data and compared sensorimotor functions and physiological fall risk across the age groups of community-dwelling adults in a South-East Asian population. Poor sensorimotor performance and fall risk appear already pertinent in younger adults. Further studies are warranted to improve our understanding of fall risk among younger adults. Impact Statement In physical therapy practice, PPA reference values can aid clinicians in the development of targeted interventions tailored towards an individual’s physiological risk profile, addressing specific physiological systems that require particular attention.


2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-929
Author(s):  
Sema Polat ◽  
Emre Öğüt ◽  
Pınar Göker ◽  
M. Gülhal Bozkır ◽  
Ahmet Hilmi Yücel

Author(s):  
Marika Morin ◽  
Elise Duchesne ◽  
Jacinthe Bernier ◽  
Philippe Blanchette ◽  
Daphnée Langlois ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Steindl ◽  
Johannes Leitner ◽  
Matthias Schwarz ◽  
Karl-Heinz Nenning ◽  
Ulrika Asenbaum ◽  
...  

Temporal muscle thickness (TMT) was investigated as a novel surrogate marker on MRI examinations of the brain, to detect patients who may be at risk for sarcopenia. TMT was analyzed in a retrospective, normal collective cohort (n = 624), to establish standard reference values. These reference values were correlated with grip strength measurements and body mass index (BMI) in 422 healthy volunteers and validated in a prospective cohort (n = 130) of patients with various neurological disorders. Pearson correlation revealed a strong association between TMT and grip strength (retrospective cohort, ρ = 0.746; p < 0.001; prospective cohort, ρ = 0.649; p < 0.001). A low or no association was found between TMT and age (retrospective cohort, R2 correlation coefficient 0.20; p < 0.001; prospective cohort, ρ = −0.199; p = 0.023), or BMI (retrospective cohort, ρ = 0.116; p = 0.042; prospective cohort, ρ = 0.227; p = 0.009), respectively. Male patients with temporal wasting and unintended weight loss, respectively, showed significantly lower TMT values (p = 0.04 and p = 0.015, unpaired t-test). TMT showed a high correlation with muscle strength in healthy individuals and in patients with various neurological disorders. Therefore, TMT should be integrated into the diagnostic workup of neurological patients, to prevent, delay, or treat sarcopenia.


2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Ying Chen ◽  
Corey W. McGee ◽  
Tonya L. Rich ◽  
Cecília N. Prudente ◽  
Bernadette T. Gillick

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1618-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niko P Paalanne ◽  
Raija Korpelainen ◽  
Simo P Taimela ◽  
Jouko Remes ◽  
Matti Salakka ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
R.L. ErdŐs ◽  
I. Jónásné Sztruhár ◽  
A. Simon ◽  
É. Kovács

AbstractPurposeDecline of the sensory and motor systems in older people negatively affects postural control. This increases the risk of falls, which is dangerous for older people in long-term care. Being aware of the quality of postural control and the factors affecting it among elderly people, is crucial in implementing an effective fall-prevention program. This study aimed to measure postural control and the demographic, health-related, and functional factors presumed to be correlated with it among nursing home residents. Another aim was to find valid screening tools based on these factors.Materials and methodsSeventy one nursing home residents were included. Postural control was measured using the Berg Balance Scale. Grip strength, the 30-s chair stand test, and the Timed Up and Go test were used to measure global muscle strength, and functional mobility, respectively. The results of these functional tests were dichotomized using age-specific reference values.ResultsPostural control was significantly worse in those who did not reach the age-specific reference values in any of the three functional tests. Effect sizes were large for functional mobility and medium for muscle strength. Multimorbidity and gender had no effect on postural control in our sample.ConclusionsAmong nursing home residents, postural control is related to functional mobility and muscle strength. Thus, routine testing of these skills among elderly people is an important task of the physiotherapist.


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