scholarly journals Can Vitamin D Supplementation Reduce Insulin Resistance and Hence the Risks of Type 2 Diabetes?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Reduce Insulin Resistance

scholarly journals The effects of vitamin D supplementation on adiponectin level and insulin resistance in first-degree relatives of subjects with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double-blinded controlled trial

10.19082/2849 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 2849-2854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Mohammadi ◽  
Seyed Ahmad Eghbali ◽  
Sedighah Soheilikhah ◽  
Saeedeh Jam Ashkezari ◽  
Maryam Salami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adiponectin Level ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Double Blinded

Vitamin D and new insights into pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Vondra ◽  
Richard Hampl
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Functional Inactivation

Abstract Deficiency in vitamin D plays a role in the onset and development of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). A normal level of vitamin D is able to reduce low grade inflammation, which is a major process in inducing insulin resistance. It is also engaged in maintaining low resting levels of reactive species and radicals, normal Ca2+ signaling, a low expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines but increased formation of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Vitamin D is also able to prevent hypermethylation (of DNA) and consequent functional inactivation of many genes, as well as other epigenetic alterations in β cells and in other insulin-sensitive peripheral tissues, mainly liver, adipose tissue and muscle. Vitamin D deficiency thus belongs to key factors accelerating the development of IR and consequently T2DM as well. However, vitamin D supplementation aimed at the control of glucose homeostasis in humans showed controversial effects. As a result, further studies are running to gain more detailed data needed for the full clinical utilization of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention and treatment of T2DM. Until new results are published, supplementation with high doses of vitamin D deficiency is not recommended. However, prevention of vitamin D deficiency and its correction are highly desired.

scholarly journals Diabetes Prevention: Vitamin D Supplementation May Not Provide Any Protection If There Is No Evidence of Deficiency!

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Gröber ◽  
Michael F. Holick
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Supplement Group ◽  
Increased Risk

The results of epidemiological and several interventional studies suggest an association between vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk of developing insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes. Various studies have indicated that a lack of vitamin D must be regarded as a pathogenic factor for type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, since a vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL) increases insulin resistance and reduces insulin secretion from beta cells in the pancreas. A recent study by Pittas et al. did not show a clear preventive effect of vitamin D supplementation with respect to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. In terms of this study, it must be remembered that more than 70% of the participants in both the vitamin D supplement group and the placebo group did not have a vitamin D deficiency. In medical and pharmaceutical practice, more attention should be paid to vitamin D deficiency than has previously been accorded. Vitamin D status can be assessed objectively when necessary by laboratory testing of the serum 25(OH)D levels. Type 2 diabetes patients benefit from improving their vitamin D status with respect to their glucose metabolism and decreased mortality risk. Patients with insulin resistance who are vitamin D deficient should be treated with an appropriate amount of vitamin D to achieve circulating levels of 25(OH)D of 40–60 ng/mL.

scholarly journals The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Metabolic and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A 6-Month Follow Up Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Cojic ◽  
Radivoj Kocic ◽  
Aleksandra Klisic ◽  
Gordana Kocic
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Endocrine Society

Vitamin D deficiency could play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as it may alter several crucial processes in the development of diabetes and its complications, such as pancreatic insulin secretion, peripheral insulin resistance, persistence of systemic „sterile” inflammation and immune activation. Vitamin D may also have an antioxidant effect through the inhibition of free radicals generation. The reported study was designed with eligible consecutively recruited patients with T2DM on standard metformin therapy (n=130), randomized in 1:1 ratio, considered to have undergone Vitamin D supplementation according to the guidelines proposed by the Endocrine Society, or to have continued with metformin only. The potential benefit was monitored through the influence on glycemia level, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance index (calculated as homeostatic model assessment; HOMA-IR), Castelli Risk Index I and Tryglicerides/Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TG/TBARS) Index in a 6-month follow up period. Our study indicates that oral daily doses of vitamin D improve HbA1c levels over the 3-month and 6-month period, followed by a significant decrease in advanced oxidation protein products levels over the 3-month period when higher vitamin D doses are given. The effect of vitamin D on HOMA-IR index, malondialdehyde levels and TG/TBARS index was not statistically significant. Further investigation should consider defining the doses of vitamin D in patients with T2DM which may attenuate the oxidative stress risk, the risk of metabolic syndrome and the risk of related cardiovascular events.

No effect of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic parameters but on lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jiwoon Kim ◽  
Ji Sun Nam ◽  
Heejung Kim ◽  
Hye Sun Lee ◽  
Jung Eun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Injection Group ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract. Background/Aims: Trials on the effects of cholecalciferol supplementation in type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease patients were underexplored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two different doses of vitamin D supplementation on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and metabolic parameters in vitamin D-deficient Korean diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: 92 patients completed this study: the placebo group (A, n = 33), the oral cholecalciferol 1,000 IU/day group (B, n = 34), or the single 200,000 IU injection group (C, n = 25, equivalent to 2,000 IU/day). 52% of the patients had less than 60 mL/min/1.73m2 of glomerular filtration rates. Laboratory test and pulse wave velocity were performed before and after supplementation. Results: After 12 weeks, serum 25(OH)D concentrations of the patients who received vitamin D supplementation were significantly increased (A, -2.4 ± 1.2 ng/mL vs. B, 10.7 ± 1.2 ng/mL vs. C, 14.6 ± 1.7 ng/mL; p < 0.001). In addition, the lipid profiles in the vitamin D injection group (C) showed a significant decrease in triglyceride and a rise in HDL cholesterol. However, the other parameters showed no differences. Conclusions: Our data indicated that two different doses and routes of vitamin D administration significantly and safely increased serum 25(OH)D concentrations in vitamin D-deficient diabetes patients with comorbid chronic kidney disease. In the group that received the higher vitamin D dose, the lipid profiles showed significant improvement, but there were no beneficial effects on other metabolic parameters.

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